Space ShuttleSpace shuttles and spaceships were both used in the aerospace field, but they had many differences.
** I. Concepts and Basic Principles **
1. ** Space Shuttle **
- The space shuttle was a re-usable aircraft that transported people and cargo between the Earth's surface and low-Earth orbit. It was composed of an orbiter, a propeller, and an external tank. It was propelled into orbit by a rocket, and when it returned to the ground, it glided down like a glider.
2. ** Spaceship **
- A spacecraft (also known as a manned spacecraft) was a large spacecraft that ensured that astronauts could live, work, and perform space missions in outer space and safely return to the ground. It was generally composed of a return capsule, a service module (propulsion module), an orbital module, an emergency rescue device, and other components. It needed to be launched by a rocket, and after it was in orbit, it would be braked. It would pass through the atmosphere along a ballistic or semi-ballistic trajectory to achieve a soft landing with a parachute and landing buffer system.
** 2. Comparing the characteristics **
1. ** Reusable **
- [Space Shuttle: Reusable. This is a major advantage.] For example, the space shuttle in the United States, after completing the mission, could perform the mission again after inspection, maintenance, and testing. In theory, it could reduce the cost of space transportation. However, every time it completed a mission, it had to be completely overhauled, which extended the mission period.
- ** Universe ship **: Usually for one-time use. For example, China's Shenzhou spacecraft and Russia's Soyuz spacecraft were disposable, but the difficulty of manufacturing and maintenance was relatively low.
2. ** Function Diverse **
- [Space Shuttle: Various functions.] When in orbit, it could complete a variety of tasks such as releasing satellites, recovering and repairing satellites, and microgravity experiments. It could also transport large equipment into space. For example, in April 1990, the United States Space Shuttle "discovery" sent the Hubble Space telescope into orbit. Moreover, the mission was flexible and could perform more complex tasks such as repairing and recovering satellites.
- Spaceship: Its function is relatively simple, mainly to ensure that astronauts live, work, and perform space missions in outer space and safely return to the ground. It is difficult to complete complex missions in orbit and it is difficult to stay in space for a long time.
3. ** Security **
- Space Shuttle: Judging from the accidents of the Challenger and Colombia, the safety of the space shuttle was a larger and more detailed system engineering. The system was highly complex, and the operation was also more complicated. It required more in-depth and comprehensive training for astronauts.
- ** Spaceship **: Spaceships are easier to design and install escape towers and other escape equipment to increase the survival probability of astronauts.
4. ** Type of goods transported **
- Space Shuttle: Not only can it transport people, but it can also transport large equipment into space.
- ** Spaceship **: It can transport a wide variety of goods, but it may not be as convenient as a space shuttle in transporting large equipment.
** 3. Development of each country **
1. ** Space Shuttle **
- So far, only the United States and the Soviet Union had built and tested a complete space shuttle, and the United States was the only country that had successfully carried out a manned mission with a space shuttle. China was currently exploring space shuttle technology, such as the Haolong cargo space shuttle program.
2. ** Spaceship **
- The world's major spacecraft projects included the United States 'Orion spacecraft, Russia's Soyuz spacecraft, and China's Shenzhou spacecraft. China's Shenzhou spacecraft had successfully carried out many manned space missions and made important contributions to the development of China's space industry.
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Explanation of Shuttle CarriersA shuttle carrier was an existence or tool that could carry people or items through different time and space, different dimensions, or different universes. In different novels, the shuttle carrier could be a spaceship, a portal, a space-time tunnel, a prop that could allow people or items to travel through different worlds, and so on.
Interstellar Game ShuttleThere were two interstellar travel novels that he could recommend. The first book was " Becoming a Legend in the Interstellar Era ", and the author was a guard of the Southern Dynasty. This novel was about the protagonist who received a strange bracelet and transmigrated to a sci-fi world where robots attacked humans. He became the commander of a small organization in the human camp. In the story, the protagonist discovered that psionic power was not just a source of energy, but it also gave consciousness to the robots that used psionic power. The second book was " Please, Let Me On." The author was Traveling Mountains, Fog, and Rain. In the story, the protagonist, Ye Xing, had healing abilities. He traveled to the galaxy during the apocalypse and became a violent mech soldier. These two novels both involved the plot of intergalactic travel.
Space Shuttle ConceptThe sci-fi space shuttle concept contained many elements of imagination. From the available information, one aspect was about the re-usable aircraft. It could take off from the runway like an ordinary plane. For example, China's Haolong cargo space shuttle concept had such a feature. This kind of space shuttle could fly into the sky and dock with the space station. Then, it would land like a glider to transport cargo for the space station.
On the other hand, the concept of a next-powered space plane was also proposed. Using controllable nuclear fusion technology, it was envisioned as a future space bus for interstellar travel, but at present, it existed more in virtual screens such as UE5 animations for entertainment.
There was also the concept of the "Mystic Fairy" space shuttle. It was envisioned to change the form of future air combat and was part of the Southern Heavenly Gate project. Although it was currently a sci-fi deduction, it also reflected the sci-fi imagination of the space shuttle concept in military operations, including the construction of combat systems with motherships. In short, the sci-fi space shuttle concept combined the ideal state of aerospace technology, future space exploration, and combat needs.
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Haolong-1 space shuttleHao Long No. 1 was a type of commercial spacecraft that could be reused. It was independently developed by the Chengdu Institute of the China Aerospace Industry Corporation.
It adopted a large wingspan, high lift-to-drag ratio, and a re-usable aircraft technology. The launch method was to launch it into orbit through a launch vehicle, rendezvous and dock with the space station, then leave the space station for de-orbit braking and re-entry flight. Finally, it could land horizontally on the airport runway like an airplane. After inspection and maintenance, it could perform the mission again.
The Hao Long-1 cargo space shuttle was positioned as a low-cost, re-usable space station cargo transport aircraft, taking into account the characteristics of both spacecraft and aircraft. It would work with Tianzhou, canoes, and cargo spaceships to build a flexible, efficient, diverse, and low-cost space station cargo transportation system.
The space shuttle had a warehouse inside, but the space inside was small, only 20 cubic meters. China was still conducting follow-up research and development work on it. Its appearance was expected to solve the problems of high launch costs and long cycle of cargo spacecraft such as Tianzhou-1, and its downstream load capacity was relatively strong (although the specific data had not been released, the chief designer said it was excellent). It could help reduce space transportation costs, improve space efficiency, and bring back equipment and experimental results that needed maintenance on the space station.
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Airport Shuttle PlatformThe following are some airport car pick-up platforms: Ctrip's private car pick-up service, which in many cases is more expensive than DiDi and Gaode, and the model and ride experience are better; Euro-Asia Travel, which is loved by users for its practicality and reliability; Tianchi Travel, which focuses on pick-up service and provides one-stop convenient solutions; Shanghai Tianyu Car Leasing Company, which provides a variety of car models for Shanghai airport passengers; There is also the "Airport Travel·Airport Pick Up Butler" service; In addition, the company also provided airport pick-up services, and there were a variety of promotions and special services. For example, from January 15 to January 21, some cities could get custom-made luggage tags and easter egg gifts from artists.
Space Shuttle AtlantisThe Atlantis space shuttle was the fourth space shuttle to actually perform a space mission under NASA's Kennedy Space Center. It was a sister plane to the discovery and belonged to the second batch of space shuttles manufactured by NASA.
The space shuttle Atlantis weighed 77.7 tons and was launched for the first time on October 3, 1985. The first mission was to send two defense satellites into space. This mission was a confidential operation of the US Air Force, and the contents of the mission were never made public. In 1989, it sent the Galileo and Magellan planetary probes into space. In 1991, it sent the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory into space. In 1996, it sent American astronaut Sharon Lucid to the Russian Mir space station. After Lucid stayed on the space station for six months, it took her back to the ground.
The space shuttle carried out a total of 33 missions. It took off before midnight on July 9, 2011 for its final mission to the International Space Station. It was officially deactivated after returning on July 21. This was also the last mission of the US space shuttle program for 30 years, marking the end of the US space shuttle era. The last time it landed was at 17:57 Beijing time on July 21, 2011 (05:57 Eastern Daylight Time on July 21, 2011).
Although the United States space shuttle had suffered two unfortunate accidents during its service, Atlantis had the advantages of multiple recycling, autonomous return landing, and large carrying capacity. It was still one of the main choices for the design of the world's manned spacecraft, especially for the design of recycled spacecraft. After the space shuttle was retired, the United States immediately developed the military unmanned space shuttle X -37B, and the manned space station mission turned to full commercial procurement. However, there was also a space shuttle-like Dream Chaser involved in the cargo supply mission, which meant that the space shuttle concept had the trend of returning to the manned space mission.
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18 Shuttle Boats, 24 ContinentsThere are twenty-four buildings and twenty-four kinds of things, two raw cows and one slip.
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