It's hard to say for sure. If it's labeled as inspired by true events, then it likely has some basis in reality but with creative liberties taken. If not, it's probably fictional.
The 'old sultan story' can vary. In many cases, it is about an old being named Sultan. If Sultan is a dog, the story could be about how he has served his family for a long time. He might have protected the farm or the household in his younger days. Now, as he is old, the family may have different attitudes towards him. Some might still love and care for him deeply, while others might be thinking about his limited abilities. There could also be parts of the story where Sultan shows his wisdom or makes a final great sacrifice for the family or the community he belongs to.
Razia Sultan was a remarkable figure in history. She was the first female Muslim ruler in the Indian subcontinent. Razia faced many challenges as a woman in a male - dominated society. She was known for her intelligence and administrative skills. She tried to rule justly and was interested in promoting trade and culture. However, her rule was not without opposition. The nobles, who were not used to being ruled by a woman, often conspired against her. Eventually, she was overthrown, but her reign remains an important and inspiring chapter in history.
If it's the common 'old sultan story' where Sultan is a dog, then Sultan is one of the main characters. His master or the people in the household he serves would also be main characters.
I'm not sure. It depends on the specific details and the source of the story. Sometimes stories are based on real events but with fictional elements added.