One possible storyline could be that Goku is accidentally transported to Alucard's world. They start off as enemies but then gradually learn about each other's powers and come to respect one another. Another could be that a powerful villain manipulates them into fighting each other. In this case, they might realize they are being used and team up against the real enemy.
It's really hard to say. Goku is extremely powerful with his Super Saiyan forms and incredible combat skills. But Alucard has his vampiric powers like immortality and the ability to control shadows. In a fanfic, it could go either way depending on how the author wants to write it. Maybe if the author wants to emphasize speed, Goku might have an edge. But if it's about dark, mysterious powers, Alucard could come out on top.
One common theme is the clash of different power systems. Star has her magic from the 'Star vs the Forces of Evil' universe, and Goku Black has his Saiyan powers from Dragon Ball. Another theme could be the exploration of good and evil. Goku Black is a villain, so stories might focus on how Star and her friends deal with his malevolence. Also, the idea of interdimensional travel can be a theme, as Goku Black is from a different universe in Dragon Ball and would have to cross into Star's world.
Well, I don't have a specific title off - hand. But a good place to start looking for 'Star vs the Forces of Evil Goku Black' fanfiction is Archive of Our Own. They have a wide range of fan - created works. You can filter by the relevant fandoms and look for stories that incorporate both elements in an interesting way, like maybe a story where Goku Black ends up in the dimension of 'Star vs the Forces of Evil' and causes chaos.
Well, Vegeta would be a likely character. He might be initially suspicious of the female Goku. Maybe he thinks she's a threat or just can't believe there's another Goku - like being. He could be there to add some comical moments as he tries to understand the situation.