Bases in science fiction usually have a specific function. They could be military bases, protecting a certain area or planet from alien invasions. They might also be research bases, where scientists are exploring new frontiers, like studying alien artifacts or trying to unlock the secrets of new forms of energy.
In most cases, running the bases is not based on a true story. It's often a part of made-up scenarios in sports-themed entertainment or literature. Sometimes, elements might be inspired by real-life events, but as a whole, it's typically fictional.