Yes, in some fanfiction he can survive. Writers often give him special abilities or plot armor that allows him to endure the power of the Infinity Gauntlet. Maybe he has some sort of new technology that he's developed which can help him manage the power and not be completely destroyed by it.
Toge Inumaki is important too. His special cursed speech ability makes him stand out. Also, the principal of the school, Masamichi Yaga, is likely to be important as he is in a position of authority and has an influence on Gojo and the other students. There could be other characters like the members of different clans that also play roles in the complex web of the story.
The plot might be that Spider - Man gets the Infinity Gauntlet in a different universe. In this universe, the rules are a bit different. He finds that when he uses the gauntlet, it gives him not only the power of the Stones but also some strange side - effects. For example, every time he uses the Mind Stone, he gets a vision of a future event that he doesn't fully understand. He uses the gauntlet to fight against an evil version of himself from another dimension who also wants the gauntlet for his own dark purposes. Along the way, he has to learn to control the gauntlet's power and also come to terms with the fact that using it might change him forever.