Jade used as a giftIn ancient times, there were mainly the following types of jade used for rituals:
1. [Jade Sacrifice System: The most typical is the "Six Artifacts" recorded in the Rites of Zhou, namely Bi, Cong, Gui, Zhang, Hu, Huang.] Bi is used to worship heaven, Cong is used to worship earth, Gui is used to worship the east, Zhang is used to worship the south, Hu is used to worship the west, Huang is used to worship the north. However, in fact, from the perspective of archaeological materials, the types of sacrificial jade were not fixed. For example, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the jade ritual vessels used for sacrifice were Gui, Zhang, Bi, Ring, Yuan, Jue, Long, Ge, etc.
2. [Auspicious Jade System]: It is used in interpersonal interactions such as audience, oath of alliance, meeting, marriage, and other ceremonial occasions. It symbolizes the identity of the holder. For example, the king holds the Zhen Gui, the duke holds the Huan Gui, the marquis holds the Xin Gui, the uncle holds the Gong Gui, the son holds the Gu Bi, the man holds the Pu Bi, etc.
3. ** Honor Guard System **: It is used as an honor guard to show the power and dignity of the holder. It includes jade ceremonial items with blades such as axes, axes, daggers, knives, spears, swords, and other jade tools such as axes, shovels, chisels, adzes, etc. This kind of jade ritual ware was exquisitely made, and most of the blades had no traces of use. It was a symbol of political or military power.
4. ** Jade system: There are many types, including crown ornaments, hairpins, and hairpins used for headwear, jade rings, earrings, beads used for necklaces, bracelets and rings used for wrist and arm ornaments, and small accessories such as jade ornaments, jade belt hooks, etc. These jade ritual vessels were basically practical for daily use. They often had straight holes for hanging or tenons or holes for inserting. They were shaped like living things and had a strong sense of life. They were used to indicate the status of etiquette activities.
5. [Burial Jade System]: It refers to the burial jade that is specially made for the preservation of corpses or other purposes based on a certain belief, such as jade, jade plug, jade grip, jade cover, jade clothes, and jade toes. A small number of them were specially made, and most of them were made from the jade ritual vessels used in daily life. Most of the vessels were simple in shape and usually had no patterns. In addition, there were also jade ornaments that were not simply decorative.
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2024-11-06 12:31