I'm not sure exactly how it's described as I haven't read that specific fanfic. But it could be through direct statements like 'Crabbe weighed ten pounds more than Goyle' or more descriptive passages about their physical appearances related to their weight.
I'm not sure about the absolute best, but there are some authors who have a good reputation. Some of the ones who are often recommended might be those who really dig deep into the characters of Crabbe and Goyle. They don't just write them as the typical bullies but give them more complex personalities.
One interesting fanfiction could be about Crabbe and Goyle having a change of heart and turning against the Dark Arts. Maybe they realize the harm Voldemort is causing and decide to help Harry secretly. Another could focus on their friendship before they got involved with the wrong crowd at Hogwarts, showing a more innocent side of them.
Yes, in some fanfics Arthur is depicted as heavier. It could be part of a creative interpretation where the author wants to give Arthur a more physically imposing presence compared to Merlin, perhaps to emphasize his role as a warrior or leader in the fan - created story.
Well, it could imply a physical difference that might symbolize something deeper in the story. Maybe it represents that Angel has more baggage, either emotional or in terms of his past actions. For example, his long history as a vampire with a soul might weigh him down more than Spike, who has a different kind of vampire existence.
Another aspect could be related to his age and growth pattern. If in the fanfic's universe, Oliver has gone through a growth spurt earlier than Harry and has filled out more. His body could have developed more mass in terms of both muscle and some extra fat as he entered adulthood or a more mature stage of growth before Harry did.
Maybe it's because Oliver Wood is more muscular. He's a Quidditch player and all that physical training might have built up his muscle mass more than Percy, who is more into academic and administrative work. So the difference in their body composition could lead to Oliver being much heavier.
Yes, there are likely fanfics out there with such a concept. Fanfic writers often play around with different character traits and physical differences. They might explore how this difference in weight could affect their combat styles, for example. Maybe a slightly heavier Naruto could have more brute force in his attacks, while Sasuke with his lighter build might be more agile. It could also be used in more comical scenarios, like Naruto accidentally breaking a chair that Sasuke could sit on just fine.
Well, it could be just a random physical characteristic given for comical effect. Maybe the author wanted to create a contrast between Oliver Wood's more solid, perhaps muscular build compared to Percy Potter. It might also be used as a way to emphasize Oliver's presence or strength in a humorous way.