Seventh Grade Biology DiagramThe following are some common structures in seventh grade biology:
- ** Microscope structure and function **: It is used to observe microscopic biological structures, including eyepieces, objective lenses, stage, and other components.
- ** The structure and function of animal and plant cells **:
- Plant cells: The outermost layer is the cell wall, which plays a supporting and protective role. The cell membrane is close to the cell wall, and there is a cell membrane inside (including mitochondria, plastids, vesicles, etc.). There is a spherical nucleus in the center of the cell. There are many small vesicles in the young cells, which form a large central vesicle after maturity.
- Animal cells: The outermost layer is the cell membrane. The plasma is located between the cell membrane and the nucleus. There are mitochondria in the plasma, and the nucleus is located in the center of the cell. Plant and animal cells shared the same structures as cell membrane, plasma, nucleus, and mitochondria. Plant cells were unique to cell walls, vesicles, and plastids.
- [Paramecium's structure: It has cilia, mouth groove, food bubbles, and other structures.]
- ** The structure of kidney bean and corn seeds **: For example, kidney bean seeds are composed of seed coat and embryo (embryo, hypocotyl, radical, and cotyledon); corn seeds are composed of seed coat, inner sperm, and embryo (embryo, hypocotyl, radical, and cotyledon).
- ** The structure and function of the root tip **: It includes the root cap, meristematic zone, extension zone, mature zone, etc. Different zones have different functions, such as the root cap protecting the root tip, the meristematic zone for cell division, etc.
- ** Leaf bud structure and development **: There are growing points, leaf primordium, young leaves, bud axis, bud primordium and other parts. Leaf buds develop into branches.
- ** Leaf structure and function **: It is composed of the skin (upper and lower skin), the mesopyrm, and the veins. The skin plays a protective role, the mesopyrm performs photosynthesis, and the veins support and transport.
- ** The structure and function of the stem **: There are structures such as the xylem and phloem, which have the functions of support and transportation.
- ** The composition and function of the digestive system **: It includes the oral cavity, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and other organs. All organs work together to complete the digestion and absorption of food.
- ** The composition and function of the respiratory system **: It is composed of the respiratory tract (nasal cavity, throat, throat, trachea, bronchi) and the lungs, which realizes gas exchange.
- ** Breathing movement **: The relationship between the movement of the intercoital muscles and the diaphragm and the changes in the volume of the chest and lungs.
- ** The structure and function of blood cells **: For example, red blood cells (transport oxygen), white blood cells (immune defense), blood plaque (stop bleeding and coagulate blood), etc.
- ** The structure and function of blood vessels **: It is divided into arteries (transporting blood from the heart to various parts of the body), veins (transporting blood from various parts of the body back to the heart), and capillaries (material exchange sites).
- ** Heart structure **: It has four chambers (left atrium, left atrium, right atrium, right atrium) and other structures.
- ** The structure of the urological system and the kidney **: The urological system is composed of the kidney, ureter, bladder, and uterus. The kidney is the organ that forms urine, and there are nephrons and other structures inside.
- ** The formation of urine **: Including the filtering effect of the glomeruli and the reabsorption effect of the tubuli.
- ** Eye and Vision **: The structure of the eyeball includes the retina, crystalline lens, and retina. Each structure works together to achieve visual functions.
- Ear and hearing: There are structures such as the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear that participate in the formation of hearing.
- ** Reflex Arc **: Composed of sensors, nerves, nerve centers, efferent nerves, and sensors.
- ** Human body's main hormonal glands **: For example, the hypophysis, the thyreoid, etc., secrete hormones to regulate the body's physiological activities.
- ** Joint structure **: There are structures such as the joint surface, joint capsule, and joint cavity.
- ** Human reproductive system **:
- Male reproductive system: It includes structures such as the testes, epididymides, and vas deflex. The testes are the main reproductive organs that produce sperm.
- Female reproductive system: Including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vaginas and other structures, the ovaries produce egg cells, etc.
- ** The structure of the egg **: such as the eggshell, eggshell membrane, air chamber, egg white, egg yolk and other structures.
- ** The structure of bacteria, fungi, and viruses **: bacteria have basic structures such as cell walls, cell membranes, and protoplasts; fungi have cell walls, cell membranes, protoplasts, and nuclei; viruses have no cell structure and are composed of protein shells and internal genetic materials.
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