external hemorrhoidsExternal hemorrhoids were one of the most common types of hemorrhoids. They were caused by pathological expansion of the venous plexuses under the skin, which were located far away from the dentate line of the anus. They were also caused by blood clots or by the growth of desmotic tissue. The basic cause of the disease was anatomical and infectious factors. The inducements included eating habits, living habits, drinking, pregnancy, and so on.
External hemorrhoids were mainly manifested as discomfort in the anus, dampness and dirtiness, and sometimes itching. The typical symptoms were soft tissue masses in the anus, which may be accompanied by pain, foreign body sensation, swelling sensation, blood in the stool, itching, etc. If the hemorrhoids are not properly treated after rubbing, long-term blood in the stool may cause fatigue, pale face and other anemia-related symptoms. Among them, the swelling and pain of the coagulated external hemorrhoids were obvious. When the external hemorrhoids were inflamed and infected, it would seriously affect the body and life. The external hemorrhoids and variceal external hemorrhoids might suddenly bulge, but there were generally no obvious symptoms and did not have much impact on the body. For external hemorrhoids without symptoms, non-surgical treatment could be used, such as adjusting lifestyle, avoiding spicy food, drinking alcohol, warm water bath, or external application of hemorrhoid cream. For surgical treatment, it was necessary to choose hemorrhoidectomy or stripping and ligation according to the specific situation. Once it is found that you may have external hemorrhoids, it is recommended to see a doctor in time and treat it under the guidance of a doctor.
ocean carrierThere were many types of maritime transport ships with different functions and characteristics.
For example, a semi-submerged ship could adjust its own water to allow the loading deck to dive into the water, lowering the center of gravity of the cargo, reducing the inertia of the cargo itself and the impact of wind resistance and wave resistance on the hull, thus greatly improving stability. The cargo could float from the designated location to the loading deck and be transported to the designated location. Although most semi-submerged ships had power systems, they were rarely opened during operation. For example, Huayang 1 was towed by five tugboats during transportation, and its power was directly closed.
In terms of liquefied natural gas (liquefied natural gas) carriers, the 175,000 cubic meters of liquefied natural gas carriers developed and built by China's shipbuilding company, China's shipbuilding company, had a total length of 295 meters, a width of 46.4 meters, and a total cargo hold capacity of 175,000 cubic meters. The full-load transportation capacity could meet the needs of the entire Dalian City for one and a half months. It was the world's mainstream ship type and could dock at most of the world's large liquefied natural gas shore stations. It had excellent port adaptability and ship-shore compatibility.
Among the oil tankers, there was once the world's largest oil tanker, the Sea Giant, built by Japan. It was 458 meters long, nearly 60 meters wide, and had a displacement of more than 820,000 tons. However, in the context of the attack on the ship in the war between Iraq and Iraq, it was sunk by the MiG- 23 fighter jet of the Iraq Air Force on May 14, 1988.
There were also general cargo ships for transporting construction vehicles, such as the five-cabin four-crane general cargo ship with a length of 190 meters, a width of 32 meters, and a deadweight of more than 50,000 tons, which could carry construction vehicles and fuel tankers.
In addition, the 400,000-ton ultra-large ore carrier, Yuanjinhai, had a total length of 362 meters, a width of 65 meters, a depth of 30.4 meters, a structural draft of 23 meters, a speed of 14.5 knots, and a deck area equivalent to three football fields. It was a new generation of green, environmental protection, and energy-saving ultra-large transport ships.
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Century-old aircraft carrier, Indian aircraft carrierIndia's aircraft carrier development process had many unique features. After the Republic of India was established on January 26, 1950, it established a naval fleet. Although its national strength was limited, it was interested in the ability of aircraft carriers in the ocean and naval battles and was committed to realizing the "aircraft carrier dream."
India currently has two aircraft carriers, one of which is the Vikramatia purchased from Russia. The purchase price is $1, but the modification cost is $3 billion. On April 26, 2019, the Vikramatia caught fire, killing a naval officer. The other was the Indian ship, the Vikrant. The reason why the aircraft carrier Vickland would kowtow step by step during the trial was that the lack of a bulbous bow could not counteract the vortex, and the hull would rise and fall with the waves. Moreover, the staff of the aircraft carrier painted the deck as bright as a mirror, which was not conducive to the stable docking of the aircraft.
The Indian-made aircraft carrier was 260 meters long and 60 meters wide. It was equipped with four general LM2500 gas turbine engines with a total power of 80 megavolts. It was propelled by two axes. Its speed was expected to reach 28 knots. Its designed endurance was 7500 nautical miles and its self-sustaining power was 45 days. It was planned to carry a total of 30 carrier-based aircraft, including MiG-29K, Ka- 31 helicopters and Indian-made LCAs. It would take off and block the landing. The flight deck was equipped with two take-off and taxiing routes and three sets of landing arresting devices.
India faced many problems during the construction of the aircraft carrier. For example, the first prototype of the carrier-based "Glory" fighter aircraft failed to obtain flight approval due to structural problems, resulting in delays in the service period of the aircraft carrier. India had many shortcomings in the manufacturing of weapons and equipment, and these shortcomings were also reflected in the equipment related to aircraft carriers. Although its domestic aircraft carriers were in service, they had not yet formed combat effectiveness. India relied on imported many key equipment in the construction of aircraft carriers, such as blueprints from France and Italy, gas turbine from the United States, electronic systems from France, special steel from Russia, ship-borne air defense missiles and radars from Israel, and naval guns from Russia. The large L-band air warning radar came from Italy.
Now, India announced that it would build a third aircraft carrier. However, given India's past performance in weapons and equipment manufacturing, such as the inability to produce ammunition, poor quality, and misfiring in the production of the Insus rifle, the instability of the Arjun tank caused by the manufacturing of the Arjun tank, the high failure rate, and the difficulty of maintenance, as well as the unpredictable impact point of the Agni missile, the Indian Navy may lack confidence in building a third aircraft carrier.
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2024-11-23 12:12
A hundred-year-old aircraft carrier, a Soviet aircraft carrier.The development of the Soviet aircraft carrier witnessed the efforts and changes of the Soviet Union in the construction of naval forces.
During the Cold War, the Soviet Union vigorously developed its navy to compete with the United States for maritime hegemony. The construction of aircraft carriers became an important part of its naval strategy. In its heyday, it had nine aircraft carriers. However, due to the excessive emphasis on military industry, the Soviet Union's economic structure was unbalanced and eventually disintegrated, which had a huge impact on the fate of its aircraft carriers.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the legacy of the aircraft carrier was divided by the successor states, and the economic situation of each successor state became a key factor in determining the fate of the aircraft carrier. Russia inherited the Kuznetsov aircraft carrier. Although it was in poor condition and needed frequent maintenance, it was of great significance to the Russian Navy. Russia hoped to return it to its peak through modernisation to maintain its position in the global naval force.
Ukraine took over the Varyag and Ulyanovsk. The Varyag was not completed when the Soviet Union collapsed. It was sold to China because of the lack of funds and technology in Ukraine. After modification, China named it the Liao ship and equipped it with the navy. The Ulyanovsk was the first next-powered aircraft carrier that the Soviet Union intended to build. It was eventually dismantled due to the interruption of the construction plan of the Soviet Union.
Novorossiysk was purchased by South Korea and dismantled into scrap metal in 1997. After the Baku was sold to India, it was renamed the Vikramatia. India upgraded it to become the main aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy. The Minsk and the Kyiv were transformed into theme parks in China's Tianjin and Tianjin, respectively, transforming from war tools into cultural tourism carriers.
In the early years of the Soviet Union, other aircraft carriers were explored. For example, in the 1960s, the Soviets began to design and develop the Moscow helicopter carrier, which was the first attempt in the field of aircraft carriers. It had a full displacement of more than 20,000 tons. In the 1970s, they developed the Kiev-class aircraft carrier, a total of four, belonging to the 40,000-ton class aircraft carrier. In the 1980s, they began to develop the Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier, a total of two, a 60,000-ton aircraft carrier.
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Internal and external marquisThe internal and external marquises were official positions in ancient times.
During the Northern Wei Dynasty, the implementation of the strict alcohol control policy added internal and external marquises. They were responsible for secretly visiting various institutions and places, and even disguised as civilians to sneak into government agencies to discover officials 'improper behavior. Once an official embezzled and accepted bribes, he would face the death penalty. Northern Wei had two marquises, one in charge of the capital and the other in charge of the prefecture.
During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Southern Qi Dynasty also had an organization called the Marquis.
In the Sui Dynasty, it inherited the setting of the internal and external marquis. It was a spy agency directly under the emperor and supervised all officials. The internal and external marquis of the Sui Dynasty was the result of the development and change of the official system since the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was standardized and fixed. This agency had greater power.
From the official name itself, Hou Guan could be used to refer to the people who welcomed guests, the military marquis in charge of scouts, and the officials who divined good or bad luck. During Wang Mang's period, there were more than a thousand Hou Guan who were in charge of reconnaissance and spying.
While waiting for the TV series, you can also click on the link below to read the classic original work of "Dafeng Nightwatchman"!
External parameters of the cameraThe external parameters of the camera were parameters in the world coordinate system, mainly referring to the rotation and translation matrix between the camera systems, such as the position and rotation direction of the camera.
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Internal and external medicine" Internal medicine ": oral drug or for oral administration;" External medicine ": external use only or for external use.
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