The cultural references in science fiction can be difficult to translate. A story might reference a particular historical event or a cultural icon from the author's home country. Translators need to either find a similar reference in the target culture or find a way to explain it without losing the essence of the story. For example, if a science - fiction story in the US mentions the Apollo moon landings as a reference for a future space exploration mission, a translator into a language of a country with no such space - faring history needs to be creative.
Well, actually, 'Heartstopper' is a graphic novel. It has been widely celebrated for its beautiful illustrations and engaging story that follows the lives of its characters, especially in the context of LGBTQ+ youth experiences. The format of a graphic novel allows for a unique blend of visual and written storytelling that has made 'Heartstopper' so beloved.