Appreciation of cultural relics and porcelainThe following are some key points to appreciate cultural relics:
** 1. Appreciate it from its appearance **
1. ** Weapon Type **
- There were many types of porcelain, and different dynasties had their own typical types. For example, the plum vase of the Song Dynasty had a small mouth, a short neck, a plump shoulder, a thin bottom, and a round foot. The shape was quite beautiful, and the proportion was just right. Its shape was both beautiful and practical. Its shoulders were round and plump, and it gradually narrowed at the bottom. This design was good for storing wine and other items, and the overall line was smooth, giving people a sense of elegance.
- The Yuan Dynasty jade pot spring vase had a curved mouth, a thin neck, a drooping abdomen, and a circular foot. Its shape was beautiful and soft, with a slender neck and a round and drooping abdomen. It was like a graceful woman, reflecting the pursuit of curvaceous beauty in the shape of Yuan Dynasty porcelain.
2. ** Proportions and Symmetries **
- The proportions of good porcelain were very harmonious. For example, the celestial sphere bottle of the Ming Dynasty had a round and full body, and the length of the bottleneck was in harmony with the diameter of the bottle. If the bottle was too big and the neck was too short, it would look clumsy; otherwise, it would look top-heavy. In terms of symmetrical design, whether it was a round plate or a complicated vase, they all pursued left and right symmetrical design. From all angles, they could give people a sense of balance and stability.
** 2. Appreciate it from the decoration aspect **
1. ** Pattern Type **
- There were many types of patterns on the porcelain. Floral patterns were common, such as peony patterns. In the Tang Dynasty, peony patterns began to appear on porcelain. In the Song Dynasty, the painting of peony patterns became more delicate and realistic. The layers of petals were distinct, and the details of the stamen were also very exquisite. Peony symbolized wealth, and its decorative patterns reflected the people's yearning for a better life at that time.
- In terms of animal patterns, dragon patterns were representative. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the dragon patterns were very detailed on the official kiln porcelain. The dragon's form was vigorous. Its scales were neatly arranged, its whiskers fluttered, and its claws were strong and powerful. Different dragon patterns conveyed different meanings. For example, the dragon pattern on the front symbolized the supremacy of imperial power.
2. ** Ornamental Craftsmanship **
- On the painting, there were blue and white patterns. Blue and white porcelain was made with a coloring agent of a tungsten material. After drawing a pattern on the body, a transparent glaze was applied, and it was fired at a high temperature. The style of Yuan Dynasty blue and white flowers was bold and unrestrained. The lines were smooth and natural, and the patterns were layered. For example, the painting of " Guigu 'zi Descending the Mountain " on the pot. The figures, mountains, and rivers on the pot were drawn vividly, and the blue and white flowers were rich and colorful.
- There was also the famille rose craft. The famille rose was to apply a foundation containing arsenic-based substances on the burnt glaze. After applying the paint, it was washed away with a pen. Due to the corrosive effect of arsenic-based substances, the color produced a powder effect. Qing Dynasty's famille rose porcelain was soft and elegant, just like the famille rose vase with flower and bird patterns from the Yongzheng period. The feathers of the birds were naturally colored, and the flowers were delicate and beautiful, giving people a warm and beautiful feeling.
** 3. Appreciate it from the texture and glaze color **
1. ** Fetal quality **
- There were obvious differences in the quality of porcelain from different dynasties. For example, the white porcelain of the Xing Kiln in the Tang Dynasty was white and delicate, with a solid texture. When it was struck, the sound was crisp and pleasant. The body of the Ding kiln in the Song Dynasty was thin and light. The body was white, and some of them had tears. This was a typical feature of Ding kiln porcelain. Tears were natural traces formed by the flow of glaze during glaze application, but they became the unique aesthetic symbol of Ding kiln.
2. ** Glaze **
- Glaze color was also an important part of porcelain appreciation. The azure-blue glaze of the Ru kiln in the Song Dynasty was as light and fresh as the sky after a storm. The formation of this glaze color was closely related to the formula, firing temperature and atmosphere of the Ru kiln. The Jun kiln's kiln glaze was even more magical. Through chemical changes in the kiln, the glaze color showed the effect of red, blue, purple and other colors interwoven together. The colors were gorgeous and gorgeous. The kiln glaze color of every Jun kiln porcelain was unique.
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