Aud was founded in 2003 by Mr. Guo Nu and Mr. Iyengar in Los Angeles, California. Its predecessor was FAR (Fringe Architecture and Research). In 2009, it was renamed Aud (Architecture + Urban Design Consulting company) in California. He also opened branches in Texas and Shanghai, China. In the China market, Aud was one of the few design companies that could provide international architectural and interior design services. Its founder, Mr. Guo Nu, has participated in the design of many public buildings, such as the Beijing Planetariums, Shanghai New Jiangwan Cultural Center, Los Angeles LA Live! After returning to China, he was also responsible for commercial complex projects such as Chongqing Vientiane City, QingdaoVientiane City and Chengdu Vientiane City Phase II. For example, in May 2022, he won the architectural design rights of the Shengye Building project in Wuxi through an international competition, and in October of the same year, he was appointed as the interior design of the project. After several rounds of international competition selection, the team led by the chief architect of AuD successfully won the planning and architectural design target of Jinwan Real Estate Xi'an Lake and Mountain TOD City Complex (Phase III commercial plot) in 2024.
Brutalism was a popular architectural design trend in Europe and Japan in the 1950s and 1960s. Its core proposition was to use reinforced concrete components without plaster. Through the true performance of the structure and materials, the service facilities of the house were exposed. The exaggerated and heavy concrete components, exposed structures and facilities without decoration were the formal features. This design style formed a rough, heavy, and rough style, giving people a feeling of sloppiness but strength. The shape of the building was usually angular, without too many lines, and there were no whitewashed outer walls. It looked like an unfinished semi-finished product, simple and heavy. Brutalist architecture was not only a matter of form, but also related to the realistic requirements and conditions of the society at that time. For example, during the post-war recovery period in the United Kingdom, there was an urgent need for a large number of residential buildings, primary and secondary schools, and other small and medium-sized public buildings that could be built quickly. In this context, architects believed that the beauty of architecture should be based on the true performance of structure and materials. They should seek a realistic way out from the rough, heavy, and rough reinforced concrete. Le Corbusier's more rugged architectural style was representative of brutalism, such as his Marseille apartments.(1946 - 1957) was known as the symbol of the maturity of Brutalism. The building was equipped with shops, restaurants, and casinos to form a self-sufficient community. At the same time, the thick, sculpture-like exterior wall was used to express the rough concrete details, reflecting the aesthetic sentiments and basic views of Brutalism. The Chandigarh Administrative Center (1951 - 1956) was also a representative of Brutalism. Other masterpieces include the Sydney Opera House, the National Grand Theater of Japan, the Museum of Prehistoric History in Paris, the building of Yale University's Department of architecture and art, and the small coliseum in Rome.
Based on the information provided, it was impossible to accurately identify the top ten architectural design firms. However, the foreign-invested architectural firms mentioned included Gable architects (Germany), AEOM (United States), Perkins&Will (from the design director of Chris Hardie), SHL, MAD, ennead, CAZA& SARBA, Snöhetta (from the design of the Royal Theater of Delaiye), etc., but there were less than ten of them.
Odd architectural design firm (Odd architectural design company) was located in Beijing and was co-founded by two designers, Tsutomu Okamoto and Keizo Okamoto. The firm focused on architecture and interior design, firmly believing that design should become a mirror of modern people's living conditions and living environment, reflecting the various social phenomena. In the design, he pursued the innovation of the use of materials, insisted on using the latest and most modern technology to explain the unique characteristics of different cultures, and his works respected the culture of others. In today's multiculturalistic society, whether it was urban planning, architectural design, or interior design, they all adhered to the above concepts.
MAD architects, also known as MAD Studio, was an internationally renowned architectural design firm based in Beijing. It was founded in 2002 by architect Ma Yansong in the United States and moved to Beijing in 2004. Yosuke Hayano became a partner of MAD. MAD quickly rose to prominence with its unique design style and deep understanding of the future city, attracting widespread attention from the international architectural community. In 2006, he won the international competition for the super high-rise building, the Monroe-Tower, in toronto, Canada. He became the first China design firm to win the international large-scale architectural design rights. In the same year, he won the New York architectural union's young architect award. In 2014, they won the design rights of Lucas Nargative Art Museum through a competition, becoming the first China architectural firm to obtain the design rights of an overseas cultural building. Its practice is based in China, with a strong international perspective, focusing on real-world social and urban issues, and is committed to shaping future ideals. In the context of China's rapid construction, he carried out active theoretical practice, and his spatial art works gradually became a reality on a global scale. MAD was led by Ma Yansong, Dang Dang, and Hayano Yosuke. They had offices in Beijing, Los Angeles, and Rome. The firm established a branch in Tokyo in 2007. The firm had designed many projects, such as the "vertical canyon" residential building in Stanford, USA (recently completed and undergoing vertical vegetation planting. It was the third project completed in North America), Jiaxing Nanhu Future Plaza (the main building 2 completed the roof ceramic tile project of the venue, the roof curtain wall water closure project was completed, and the interior decoration and outdoor overall project stage was entered), Zhejiang Lishui Airport (about to be completed, estimated to be open to air by the end of 2024), etc.
The architectural design of Chinese Siheyuan usually paid attention to the layout and the embodiment of traditional culture. The core of the courtyard house was an open garden, surrounded by various auxiliary buildings, forming a "four-cornered" architectural structure. Traditional buildings generally used wood, bricks, tiles, and other materials. Combined with modern construction technology, the courtyard villa was more sustainable and functional. The design renderings of Chinese Siheyuan were usually based on the unique Chinese style. They paid attention to the spatial arrangement of the courtyard building, which was in line with the traditional way and also highlighted the ancient charm. The designer would prepare several plans for the householder to choose from to show different views and living experiences. The design of the courtyard house was not only a form of architecture, but also a cultural heritage.
Wowa architectural design firm had a certain level of strength and achievements. For example, its Nanjing Honghua Airport urban regeneration planning and architectural design project won the 2021 A 'Design Award and the 2020 IDA Design Award. Judging from its performance in the Nanjing Honghua Airport project, it was able to undertake the planning and design tasks in the face of many challenges such as rich historical heritage, complex land distribution and diverse functional requirements (such as different height requirements for different plots, total construction area restrictions on the ground, etc.), as well as the need to combine multiple plots separated by the runway park. This showed that the firm had the ability to deal with complex projects and consider a variety of factors for design planning. It had a certain level of professionalism in the field of architectural design.
As a fan of online literature, I can't provide a specific book list. However, I can recommend some books related to architectural design to help you better understand the relevant knowledge of architectural design. A Theory of Design · ·HH Wales The Language of architecture Sergei Chekhonin 3. The Foundational Principles of architecture George Elliot 4. The History of Architecture ·James Preston 5."urban architecture: theory and practice" ·Noam Chomsky The books above are all classic works related to architectural design. They can help you better understand the relevant knowledge of architectural design. Of course, other than books, there are many other resources that can help you learn architectural design, such as online courses, video guides, and so on.
High-rise office building design.
Ma Hai was the general manager of the China Institute of architectural design and research. He had been working at the China Academy for 35 years. He was most proud of the fact that the China Academy had played an important role as an urban designer throughout the country during various periods of national construction, leaving behind many classic architectural works. The Chinese Academy of Sciences 'brand and ability to grasp the characteristics of the times were their core competitiveness, and the designers and engineers who created these achievements were the Chinese Academy of Sciences' most valuable assets. Ma Hai made a speech on behalf of the design unit, congratulating the project on the start of the project, and briefly introduced the participation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the project in Xiong 'an New Area to the leaders present, expressing that the Chinese Academy of Sciences had the ability and confidence to complete the design task.
There were many aspects to contemporary regional architectural design: ** I. Extraction and Integration of Regional Cultural Elements ** 1. ** Building Elements ** - For example, in the concept design of Kunming West Station, the architectural style extracted the unique architectural elements of the ancient Dian people, such as "long ridge, short eaves, and flying ridge", to define the unique cultural temperament of the West Station, which was unique to Kunming, and fit the local regional character of Yunnan. This method was to excavate the elements of the traditional architectural style of the region, so that the new building would have a close connection with the local culture. While inheriting the regional architectural culture, it would create a building with regional identity. 2. ** Space layout and functions ** - Take the Siheyuan renovation project in North China as an example. Siheyuan was originally a typical residential building form in North China. It had a specific spatial layout, such as the layout of the north room, east and west rooms, south room, and the corridor and steps in the courtyard. In the process of renovation, although the function of the courtyard was changed from traditional residential to urban public activity space, the basic spatial framework of the courtyard was still retained, and the interior was adjusted according to the modern functional requirements. It not only reflected the regional architectural space characteristics, but also met the needs of modern life. ** 2. Inheritance and translation of traditional construction techniques ** - For example, Wang Shu and Lu Wenyu used recycled materials in their construction projects, such as the History Museum of Hangzhou. This was a translation of traditional construction techniques in contemporary architecture. With the development of the times, traditional construction techniques were at risk of being lost. Modern regional architectural design tried to integrate the concepts or techniques of traditional techniques into modern building materials and construction techniques, maintaining the characteristics of regional architecture while adapting to the needs of modern architecture. ** 3. Adaptability to the local environment ** 1. ** Climatic adaptability ** - When China local architects explored the proposition of " localizing modern architecture," they considered the climate adaptability of traditional local architecture. Different regions had different climate conditions. Regionalist architectural design would draw lessons from the way traditional buildings adapted to the climate. For example, in hot areas, good ventilation might be used, while in cold areas, the design would focus on thermal performance, so that the building could be coordinated with the local natural environment. 2. ** Terrain adaptability ** - Some regional buildings would be designed according to the local topography. For example, in mountainous areas, buildings could be built on the mountain and integrate into the terrain, reducing the damage to the natural environment and forming a unique architectural style. ** 4. Change from form to concept ** - During the 1950s-1980s, in the architectural design and teaching practice in China, the concept of regional architecture was remolded from form to concept. Taking Nanjing Institute of Technology as a reference, the design no longer only focused on the external form of regional architecture, but also deeply excavated the cultural concept behind the regional architecture, integrating the regional cultural content into the architectural design concept, so that the building not only had regional characteristics on the appearance, but also reflected the regional cultural value on the spiritual level. ** 5. The creative application of design techniques ** 1. ** Borrowing from Deconstructionist Techniques ** - In modern architectural design, some techniques of deconstruction could also be used in regional architectural design. For example, common deconstructionist design techniques such as body block interweaving, color block interweaving, composition art, sculpted niches, stacked stairs, arched roofs, framed views, etc. could be combined with regional cultural elements in regional architectural design. The interweaving of blocks can create a building space with regional characteristics through eccentricity and displacement; the interweaving of color blocks can create a unique visual effect on the basis of inheriting the regional color culture; the art of composition is based on plane, three-dimensional, and color composition to create an architectural style that echoes the regional culture; the modeling niche can carry the regional cultural content, such as integrating local traditional artistic elements; The staircase was not only used as a traffic space, but also as an architectural landscape element that reflected the regional characteristics. The dome roof could draw lessons from the traditional roof form of the local building and carry out innovation. The framing method could integrate the local natural landscape or cultural landscape into the building and strengthen the connection between the building and the regional environment.