Is the Long March 9 a bad ending?
No, the Long March 9 project was still in progress. At present, multiple versions of it were being pushed forward simultaneously. It was expected to achieve the first flight of the first-level reused configuration around 2030, and the first flight of the two-level reused configuration was expected to be between 2033 and 2035. In 2024, relevant personnel revealed that the project might be established at the end of the year. In April of this year, the 200-ton full-flow afterburning cycle liquid-oxygen methane engine, YF - 215, had completed technical verification and carried out a thousand-second test run. All of these indicated that the project was progressing steadily and not unfinished. The novel " Hundred Years of Spaceship " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 9 2021
On June 24,2021, Academician Long Lehao, an aerospace expert, announced the latest version of Long March 9 at a speech in Hong Kong. The Long March 9 "2021 version"(referred to as the "21 version") was larger than the "11 version" core class, with greater thrust and carrying capacity. It could meet the needs of large-scale manned flights in the future. The biggest difference between the "21 version" and the "11 version" was the removal of the thrusters. This change was to reduce its weight while increasing its carrying capacity. "Version 21" Long March 9 replaced the four YF - 130 engines with a single thrust of 480 tons with 16 YF - 135 liquid oxygen kerosene engines with a single thrust of 350 tons. This not only made the thrust nearly 6000 tons, but also reduced the weight of the thrusters by 15 tons. The design height of the "21 edition" Long March 9 was 108 meters, the diameter of the first and second cores increased from 9.5 meters to 10.6 meters, and the diameter of the fairing increased to 9.5 meters. Its main engine was 16 YF - 135 high-pressure liquid oxygen kerosene engines that were being planned. The thrust of a single chamber was 360 tons, 120 tons higher than that of the YF - 130. Although the "21 version" and "11 version" had a take-off thrust of about 5800 tons, the "21 version" had a greater thrust in the second and third stages. The second stage used four 120-ton 120tHo hydrogen oxygen engines, which increased the thrust by 40 tons. The third stage used a 120-ton 120tHo hydrogen oxygen engine, which increased the thrust by 20 tons. The 21st version of Long March 9 saved the dry weight of four 15-ton boosters, increasing the carrying capacity to 150 tons. The novel "Hundred Years of Spaceship" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 11
The Long March 11 had a capacity of 0.7 tons in low-Earth orbit, 0.5 tons in 500-kilometer sun-synchronous orbit, and 0.4 tons in 700-kilometer sun-synchronous orbit. The novel " Hundred Years of Spaceship " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 30,000 Miles
" 30,000 Miles in Chang 'an " was a national style animated film produced by Chasing Light Animation. Warren Xie and Zou Jing were the directors. The movie was set in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and told the story of Chang 'an falling into chaos after the An Lushan Rebellion. The main characters included Li Bai and Gao Shi. Their stories showed the beauty and glory of the Tang Dynasty. The poems in the movie were a precious heritage of ancient culture. They were presented through animation and resonated with the audience. In addition, the music in the movie ingeniously incorporated the elements of classical poetry, making the audience feel as if they had traveled through time and space and felt the voices of the ancients. By telling the story of Gao Shi and Li Bai," 30,000 Li in Chang 'an " showed the persistence and hardship of the Tang Dynasty poets in the process of pursuing their ideals and dreams. After the movie was released, it achieved good box office results and became the answer sheet for the tenth anniversary of Chasing Light Animation.
Reborn on the Long March
There were a few novels about being reborn on the Red Army's Long March that were worth recommending. Among them," Long March: 1934-1936 " was a detailed description of the classic battles that the China Red Army experienced on the Long March. In addition, the Red Army is not afraid of the difficulties of the expedition, Ballad of the Long March, Morning Sun Flower, and Red Streamer of the Earth were also novels about the Long March. In addition, Dreaming of Sword was also a possible choice. It told the story of the protagonist traveling back to 1927 in his dream, looking for Li Yunlong, and joining the Red Army with the commander. I hope these recommendations will meet your needs.
Long March 9 Plan
The Long March 9 rocket had a core diameter of 10 meters, a total height of 100 meters, and a take-off mass of more than 4000 tons. The first stage of the core was equipped with four 500-ton thrust high-pressure afterburning liquid oxygen kerosene engines, the second stage of the core was equipped with two 220-ton thrust high-pressure afterburning hydrogen oxygen engines, the third stage of the core was equipped with four 25-ton thrust expansion cycle hydrogen oxygen engines, and each propeller was equipped with two liquid oxygen kerosene engines. The latest design did not require boosters. It had a diameter of 10.6 meters and a height of 110 meters. There was also a design that used 30 200-ton thrust liquid-oxygen methane engines in parallel (a total of 33 engines in parallel). It had a carrying capacity of 140 tons in LEO (low-Earth orbit), 50 tons in LTO (Earth-Moon transfer orbit), and 44 tons in TMT (Earth-fire transfer orbit). It was designed to meet the needs of future deep space exploration, manned moon landing and fire landing, and space infrastructure construction (such as space solar power plants). The novel "Hundred Years of Spaceship" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 9 comparison
There were many differences between the Long March 9 and the Long March 10: - ** Carrying capacity **: Long March 9 has a carrying capacity of 140 tons in low-Earth orbit, and Long March 10 has a carrying capacity of 100 tons in low-Earth orbit. - Long March 9 was aimed at manned lunar exploration, Mars sample return, and the construction of large space facilities. Long March 10 was a three-stage semi-structural new rocket specially developed for manned lunar exploration missions. It was mainly responsible for launching a new generation of manned spacecraft and lunar lander. - * size **: Long March 9's diameter is about two meters larger than Long March 10's. Long March 9's length is about 110 meters (nominal length is 93 meters), and Long March 10's height is 92.5 meters. Long March 9 compared to Long March 5: - ** Carrying capacity **: The take-off mass and carrying capacity of the Long March 9 are five times that of the Long March 5. The Long March 5 had a take-off mass of 867 tons and a LEO carrying capacity of 25 tons, while the Long March 9 had a take-off mass of more than 4000 tons and a LEO carrying capacity of 140 tons. Compared to the United States 'Saturn V: - ** Carrying capacity **: Long March 9's LTO (Earth-Moon Transfer Orbit) carrying capacity was 50 tons, surpassing Saturn V's 48.5 tons (Saturn V's take-off mass was 2938 tons). The novel "Hundred Years of Spaceship" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 9 and SLS
The Long March 9 was a heavy-duty rocket that China was planning, and the SLS was a super-heavy rocket developed by NASA. In terms of capacity, the Long March 9 low-Earth orbit capacity reached 150 tons, and the Earth-Moon transfer orbit capacity was 50 tons. There were three versions of SLS, Block1 low-Earth orbit capacity 95 tons, Earth-Moon transfer orbit capacity 27 tons, Block2 low-Earth orbit capacity 130 tons, Earth-Moon transfer orbit capacity 46 tons, its capacity level was lower than the Long March 9. Moreover, the final design version of the Long March 9 was the bare version that was announced in 2022, and none of the three versions of the SLS chose the recycling plan. However, the Long March 9 was currently in the design stage, and it would take at least seven or eight years before it was actually launched. The SLS had already completed its first flight, so it was more practical. In terms of design concepts, SLS focused more on saving design and production costs. It tried to use ready-made technology and components, such as the engines and solid boosters retained from the space shuttle program. China's Long March 9 had a small historical burden and little task pressure. The design plan was more relaxed and free. It focused on the application of new concepts and chose a recycling plan with multiple engines in parallel. This solution could achieve power redundancy. If calculated according to 20% - 30% power redundancy, a certain number of engines could be allowed to fail at the same time. According to the failure rate of China's existing rocket engines, it could almost guarantee that the Long March 9 would not fail due to engine failure. Moreover, when the engine was reused many times under the recycling plan, the redundancycould effectively increase the number of times the engine was used. In terms of simplicity, the SLS rocket design focused more on simplicity, easy operation, and easy upgrade. The first stage only used four engines in parallel plus two solid boosters (a total of six engines working at the same time), while the Long March 9 used 24 engines and all of them were connected in parallel inside the same rocket launcher. This was a huge challenge for Chinese rocket design because China used to have at most two or three engines in parallel in the same rocket launcher. Multiple engines in parallel were a huge challenge to the rocket control system. In terms of technology, the SLS rocket was not completely new. The STB thruster and the core first-stage engine, the PS- 25 engine, were both from the space shuttle. Solid rocket engines had shortcomings such as difficulty in adjusting thrust, low specific impulse, and difficulty in reducing costs. China's Long March 9 development goal included making up for the aerospace power shortcomings. It was currently developing three "Gods-class" liquid rocket engines. The first-stage engine used the YF130 high-pressure liquid oxygen kerosene engine with a sea level thrust of 500 tons. The specific impulse was about 308 seconds. It had successfully completed its first test run. It was currently the world's largest single-chamber high-pressure liquid oxygen kerosene rocket engine. The novel "Hundred Years of Spaceship" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 9 and SLS
The Long March 9 was China's next-generation heavy-duty launch vehicle, and the research and development plan began in 2016. The SLS was the next-generation heavy-duty launch vehicle developed by NASA, and the development began in 2010. ** 1. Transport capacity ** 1. ** Long March 9 ** - It was estimated to have a low-Earth orbit carrying capacity of more than 100 tons, a synchronous transfer orbit carrying capacity of more than 50 tons, and the ability to send more than 20 tons of load to the surface of the moon. 2. **SLS** - The first version had a capacity of 95 tons in low-Earth orbit and 27 tons in Earth-Moon transfer orbit; the second version had a capacity of 105 tons in low-Earth orbit and 42 tons in Earth-Moon transfer orbit; and the final version had a capacity of 130 tons in low-Earth orbit and 46 tons in Earth-Moon transfer orbit. The overall capacity level was lower than that of Long March 9. ** 2. Design Concept ** 1. ** Long March 9 ** - The burden of history was small, the pressure of the mission was not great, the choice of design plan was more relaxed and free, and the application of new ideas was more important. Using a multi-engine parallel recycling plan, such as the plan to use 24 engines in parallel, according to the calculation of 20 - 30% power redundant, a certain number of engines could be allowed to fail at the same time, which could effectively increase the number of engine uses and ensure that the launch mission would not fail due to engine failure. At the same time, the high-efficiency and reliable liquid oxygen kerosene engine and liquid oxygen liquid hydrogen engine were adopted. It also adopted a module design, which could be flexibly deployed according to different deep space exploration missions (such as manned moon landing, Mars exploration, etc.). Advanced technologies such as 3D printing technology, high-strength composite materials, and precision manufacturing technology were widely used to improve manufacturing accuracy, quality, and shorten manufacturing cycle. 2. **SLS** - They paid more attention to saving design and production costs and tried to use ready-made technology and components. Using the engines (such as 16 200-ton liquid-hydrogen liquid-oxygen engines) and solid thrusters to shorten the R & D and production cycle. The engine used the repeatedly proven and improved RS - 25 liquid-oxygen liquid-hydrogen engine, which was highly reliable. It also used solid-state thruster technology to improve the thrust and stability of the take-off phase. It was designed to be adaptable to different deep space exploration missions, and it had a strong support system that allowed it to obtain rich resources and technical support during research and development, testing, and mission execution. ** 3. Development and launch ** 1. ** Long March 9 ** - It was estimated that the first flight would be completed around 2030. The latest design would be established at the end of 2024 and the first flight would be in 2032 (no thrusters, diameter 10.6 meters, height 110 meters). 2. **SLS** - The first flight was originally scheduled for 2021, but due to technical challenges and other factors, it was postponed to 2022. The first flight had already been completed. The novel "Hundred Years of Spaceship" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 9 Leo
The Long March 9 had a carrying capacity of 140 tons. The Long March 9 was a new generation of heavy-duty launch vehicle that China was demonstrating. Its development was aimed at meeting the needs of future deep space exploration missions such as manned moon landings, fire landings, and space infrastructure construction. The novel " Hundred Years of Spaceship " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
Long March 10 engine
The Long March 10's engine was a 130-ton re-usable liquid-oxygen kerosene engine, which was upgraded from the 120-ton engine used by the Long March 5 thruster. It had the following advantages: 1. Reusable: This feature was prepared for a recoverable rocket. The cost of launching a rocket could be reduced by using the engine multiple times. The reliable and repetitive use of rocket engines was very demanding. It needed to be based on rigorous product design and repeated testing. Because the working environment of rocket engines was harsh, such as high temperature, high pressure, violent vibration, etc., it was already quite good to be able to be reused more than 10 times. 2. The engine operating status management system was used. 3. It has a more flexible pump swing technology. In the first stage of the Long March 10 core, there were seven engines in parallel; the Long March 10 moon landing version was a three-and-a-half-stage configuration, with two boosters added to the first stage, a total of 21 YF -100K engines. On July 22, 2023, the main engine of the Long March 10 completed an ignition test, verifying all the requirements of the rocket mission for the engine, and its thrust was nearly 120 tons. The novel " Hundred Years of Spaceship " is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!