Why archaeology is a destructive discipline
Archeological excavation was a destructive technique. In the process of archaeological excavation, it was inevitable to cause a certain degree of damage to the ruins. For example, in the 19th century, the German archaeologist Heinrich used explosives when excavating the ancient city of Troy, which caused great damage to the ancient city. During the excavation of Dingling Mausoleum in 1956, after the underground Xuan Palace of Dingling Mausoleum was opened, although many cultural relics were unearthed, due to problems such as protection technology at that time, it did not take long for the silk fabrics to show signs of mold and decay. This indicated that the excavation process had damaged the original preservation environment of the cultural relics, which in turn destroyed the cultural relics themselves. That was why archaeology was a destructive discipline. Read more exciting novels for free
A new discipline of archaeology was born
Nuclear archaeology was a new cross-discipline formed by the combination of nuclear science and technology and archaeology, including the study of the origin of archaeological samples, the dating of archaeological samples, and the study of the production process of archaeological samples. In addition, art archaeology was also a new discipline. It combined the profound accumulation of archaeology and art history, and discussed in detail the necessity of its cross-discipline between archaeology and art, the origin of its emergence, the development process, the establishment of theories and methods, and the establishment and demonstration of the discipline system. It also absorbed the latest theoretical research results at home and abroad and applied them to the discipline construction. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The difference between Chinese archaeology and foreign archaeology
There were many differences between Chinese archaeology and foreign archaeology. Chinese archaeology mainly focused on ancient Chinese cultural heritage such as buildings, artifacts, paintings, and words. The scope of Chinese archaeology was wider, including all periods of history from the Xia Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. On the other hand, foreign archaeologists mainly focused on ancient civilizations such as ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, ancient India, and the Mayan civilization in Europe, America, and Africa. The research objects and scope of Chinese archaeology are different from foreign archaeology. Chinese archaeology pays more attention to cultural variety and national pride, while foreign archaeology pays more attention to the study and understanding of historical and cultural heritage. Books about Chinese archaeology were recommended to read History of Chinese archaeology, Chinese archaeological traditions and methods, and Research on the cultural variety of Chinese archaeology. As for books on foreign archaeology, it was recommended to read Ancient Egyptian Civilization, Ancient Greek Civilization, Ancient Roman Civilization, History of American Civilization, and so on.
China Confucian archaeology is a branch of China archaeology
China Confucian archaeology is a branch of China archaeology. It is an intersection of China archaeology and China Confucianism. This subject had many backgrounds. After nearly a hundred years of development, China archaeology had established a relatively complete discipline system, and the specialized archaeology formed by the intersection of other disciplines had made great progress. In the three major ideologies and cultural systems of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, Confucianism occupied a dominant position. Under the reflection of certain achievements in Buddhist archaeology and Taoist archaeology, the proposal of "China Confucian archaeology" became inevitable. In the past 30 years, the study of Confucianism in China had made rapid progress. For example, the Confucian Collection and the History of Chinese Confucianism were the higher achievements of Confucian studies. The Chu bamboo slips of the Warring States Period that were unearthed continuously provided precious first-hand materials for early Confucian studies, stimulating the attention of the academic community on Confucianism. At the same time, the significance of traditional culture in contemporary China was valued. Confucianism, as a major part of traditional culture, should not be ignored. Its research targets were relics and relics related to Confucianism, such as portraits of Confucius, deeds of Confucius and his disciples, Qufu Lucheng and cultural relics, Confucius Temple, academies, etc., which were all key points. The discovery of sacrificial vessels in Yuan Dynasty was also helpful to Confucian archaeology. According to the history of Confucianism, it could be divided into five periods: Pre-Confucianism, Formation, Development, Reformation, and Post-Confucianism. However, compared with Buddhism and Taoism, the archaeological research of cultural relics related to Confucianism was obviously lagging behind, which was related to the fact that the characteristics of Confucian relics and relics were not obvious, and Confucianism was a political and ethical study of entering the world. The proposition of China Confucian archaeology could promote the study of China Confucian history, open up new horizons for Confucian studies, and enrich the study of Confucian history. At present, the main task of this discipline was to draw attention from the political and academic fields, including setting up research institutions, funds, organizing discussions, universities opening courses to recruit graduate students, editing and publishing series of journals, building special museum, displaying academic achievements, and so on. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
A Destructive Skill
The destructive skills in different games were different. In World of Warcraft, destructive skills had certain characteristics and methods of operation. For example, in the WLL version, the damage output of the Destruction spell was relatively simple and crude. With the Burning talent, the next three spells would have a rapid boost, which could be used to increase the damage output. In terms of damage output, before starting the fight, he had to turn the imp into a physical form in order to add buffs. The first skill to start the fight was Sacrifice, because the other skills were all completed around Sacrifice. The second skill could choose to cast Curse of Misfortune (Elemental Curse) and then cast Burn, or give up 0.2 seconds of output time to cast Burn directly (or use this time to move); the third skill was Chaos Arrow (because its benefits were higher than Burn Out); the fourth skill was Burn Out (when Curse of Misfortune, Burn, and Chaos Arrow were all on cooldown, Burn Out was used as a refill spell). The subsequent output cycle followed the principle of Sacrifice> Burn> Chaos Arrow> Burn Out. In version 300 of "Hero of the Other World", the passive skills of Destruction were recommended to be Fire Empowerment (mandatory), Scorching Pain, Touch of Fear, Endless Mana, Evil Energy, Suppression, Shadow Empowerment, and Shadow Energy. In version 340, the passive skills of Destruction were recommended to be Endless Mana, Void Mana, Fire Empowerment, Scorching Pain, Touch of Fear, and Evil Energy. "The Alliance of Stars: A Symphony of Fate and Power" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
The Destructive Humanity
He recommended a few novels. 'I Have a Strengthened Hack in Battle Break' was a fantasy novel written by Summer Night's Cicada. The main character, Xiao Bai, traveled through the world of Battle Break and activated the cheat. He felt great all the way to the end. " The Legend of Ninja Realm: The Strongest Sand Hidden " was a light novel written by a villager in Muyang. Zong Mi had transmigrated into the third generation of Hidden Wind's disciple and led Sand Hidden to the peak of Ninja Realm. This book was decisive in killing, and the character's intelligence was online. " A Heartless Ugly Man Should Defy the Heavens ", an ancient romance novel written by Jun Xin, a story about a two-faced woman and the perfect Mary Sue, as well as a cute little bun. " Doomsday: The Killer Doctor " was Ye Ruyan's science fiction novel. It was said to be a post-apocalyptic novel, but it was ridiculed for not being like the post-apocalyptic world. The female lead was like a nanny and wrote many lesbians. " Li Qing's Bizarre Adventures " was a light novel written by River Wang. It was a great Jojo Doujinshi novel. The main character, Li Qing, entered Jojo World and had a wonderful battle of wits. It was very Jojo. I strongly recommend it. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Professor of archaeology
I recommend " I Actually Don't Want to Work Hard Anymore ", a novel about urban life written by Dai Gulaka. The 30-year-old man, Chen Ran, was reborn back to his university days. There were also female supporting characters such as Yang Lu, Zhu Min, and Lin Jing. The story was very interesting. " Integrated Martial Arts, From the Laughing Proud Wanderer to the Dominance " was not bad either. It was a martial arts doujinshi novel written by the lazy bull. Liu Xiao had transmigrated to the comprehensive martial arts world and was invincible with the Sunflower System. Even Feng Qingyang, Invincible East, and other experts were amazed. It was super cool. The Great Appraiser was worth reading. It was an urban novel written by Ice and Fire. Apprentice in the antique shop received the appraisal system, which could appraise anything. From apprentice to great collector. Although it was a little lacking, the plot was rich, and it also involved the description of traditional skills. The relationship line of the single female lead was also good. " Hidden Minister of the Great Ming Dynasty " was a historical novel by Jiang Dongyue. Su Xian, who had transmigrated to the Ming Dynasty, was involved in a bloody case. He speculated that the truth would be reported to Zhu Yuanzhang and later change the Ming Dynasty. However, this book was evaluated as a little naive. " Rebirth at the End of Northern Wei Dynasty " is also pretty good. How could I be written by that thief Cao? Gao Cheng was reborn, and his writing style was humorous and playful. Although it was half-historical, it was very interesting, but there were also some shortcomings. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
What is it, archaeology?
Archeology was a discipline that studied the basic theories and knowledge of archeology, history, cultural relics, geography, and so on. Based on the material materials left behind by ancient humans, it studied ancient human society, paid attention to and explored ancient people and the material and cultural relics that reflected human activities. This discipline included two major parts: archaeology and cultural heritage in a narrow sense. The former focused on the study of archeology and culture in various periods, including field archaeology and archaeological remains; the latter included cultural relics and museum, cultural relics protection technology, cultural relics buildings and other research directions, focusing on cultural relics protection and cultural heritage research. In China, archaeology was an undergraduate major in ordinary colleges and universities. It was a history major. The length of study was generally four years. After graduation, one would be awarded a bachelor's degree in history. During the learning process, students should receive basic skills training such as field archaeology and cultural relic identification, and carry out archaeological investigation, site excavation, cultural relic identification and other activities. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Instantaneous archaeology
In the field of archaeology, some moments had special meaning. For example, in the archeology of Mawangdui, a lacquer ware containing clear soup and floating lotus roots was found in Xinzhui's tomb. The lotus roots disappeared at an incredible speed when they came into contact with the air. The photographer pressed the shutter in time to record this miraculous moment. This event was not only the extinction of material, but also reflected the disappearance of ancient ways of life. It also caused people to think deeply about ancient food preservation techniques. In addition, in terms of concept, Instant archaeology explored the relevant content in the digital art series Impossible Geography. Through concepts and technical methods such as " lens production " and " distance," it explored the subjective, mixed, and migrating nature of our geography. By reconstructing the mobility of urban structures, the daily urban landscape was transformed into an imagined impossible geographical environment. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Introduction to archaeology
The introduction to archaeology covered many aspects: 1. ** The background of archeological concepts ** - The European Renaissance Movement promoted the study of the language and art history of the classical era, allowing people to start collecting sculptures from the Greek and Roman era. The scope gradually expanded to places such as Israel, Egypt, and Babylon. - After the establishment of the capitalist countries in Northwest Europe, due to the lack of ancient literature, they attempted to publicize their history through monuments and antiques to enhance their citizens 'patriotic ideas and national pride. - The theory of evolution provided the possibility for the establishment of archaeology. In the mid-19th century, the publication of Charles Darwin's Origin of Species and Huxley's The Status of Humans in Nature made people realize that humans appeared at least hundreds of thousands of years ago and evolved from apes, which prompted prehistoric archaeology. 2. ** The symbol of archaeology becoming a complete discipline ** - On September 24, 1828, French merchant Bolian examined the hieroglyph of the Rosetta Stone in Egypt. At the same time, German Winckelmann's History of Ancient Art used a large number of ancient relics and was called the "Father of Archeology." - In 1819, the curator of the Royal Museum of Denmark, Thompson, proposed the "Three Phases Theory", which divided the prehistoric period of Denmark into the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age, which were used for the display and discussion of antiques. This was the basis for the development of modern archaeology. British archaeologist Green Daniel believed that around 1840 was the starting point of modern archaeology in the world. - Around the 1920s, archaeology was introduced to China. At that time, the world's archaeology was maturing. There were large-scale archaeological discoveries, research results, and international archaeological academic conferences in Europe and North Africa.(By 1912, the International Conference on Archeology under the name of "Anthropological and Prehistoric Archeology" had been held 14 times.) <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
archaeology class
The content of the archaeology class was rich and varied. First, there were general history courses, such as China history and world history, which helped students build a macro historical framework. An introduction to history could guide students into the study of history, and a course on Chinese and foreign relations could allow students to understand the connections between different cultures from a broader perspective. The study of ancient Chinese was essential to the study of ancient historical documents. There were also courses on dynastic history, special topics, and historical documents. Based on the characteristics of the archaeology major, the compulsory courses covered the basic knowledge of the six major stages, namely the Paleolith Age, the Neolith Age, the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Warring States Period, the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties, and the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. At the same time, courses such as field archaeology, archaeological drawing, archaeological photography, archaeological theory and methods, world archaeology, etc. would be set up. In addition, there were also elective courses such as Physical Anthropology, Animal and Plant Archeology, and environmental archaeology. Students would also learn knowledge related to archaeological investigation, site excavation, cultural relic identification, and other skills, and receive corresponding basic skills training. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>