The Current Situation of Protection of Bamboo, Wood, Lacquer and Other Cultural Relics in China
The current state of protection of bamboo, wood, and lacquer cultural relics in China was as follows: In terms of protection results, some cultural relics protection centers have achieved remarkable results. For example, the bamboo slips protected by Jingzhou Cultural Relics Protection Center accounted for 80% of the total number of water-saturated bamboo slips unearthed in the same period in the country, and the wooden lacquer ware protected accounted for 70% of the total number of water-saturated wooden lacquer ware protected and repaired in the same period in the country. It provided technical support for many cultural and cultural institutions in China, so that more than 10000 wooden lacquer ware, 180,000 bamboo and wood bamboo slips and more than 1100 textile products were protected. Yangzhou cultural workers have protected and repaired more than 2000 bamboo, wood, lacquer and other cultural relics in the past 10 years. The Xiangyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology had achieved remarkable results in the protection and restoration of the waterlogged wood lacquer ware. The newly unearthed waterlogged wood lacquer ware was dehydrated to prevent further damage, and then carefully cleaned. There was also a professional restoration team using advanced scientific and technological means to repair it. As for the challenges, with the acceleration of the industrial process and environmental changes, the protection and restoration of water-saturated bamboo, wood and lacquer ware faced severe challenges. Pollution and climate change destroyed the preservation environment of bamboo and wood lacquer ware; the production process was complicated and the traditional skills were lost, and the production skills were at risk of being lost; the lack of professional protection and restoration talents and technical support led to the protection and restoration work being in trouble. In order to promote the sustainable development of the bamboo, wood, and lacquer industry, it was necessary to strengthen environmental protection awareness education and raise the public's attention to environmental protection; promote traditional production techniques and cultivate a new generation of bamboo, wood, and lacquer production talents; establish professional protection and restoration institutions to improve the level of protection and restoration techniques; promote digital technology and establish digital archives to improve the efficiency of protection and restoration; strengthen international cooperation and exchanges, and introduce advanced technology and management experience. Read more exciting novels for free
The current situation of rural cultural relics protection in our city is worrying
At present, there are some problems in the protection of rural cultural relics in some areas of our country. From some examples, on the one hand, the villagers 'awareness of protection is relatively lacking. For example, the cliff statue of Shifei River in Nanjiang County, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province was painted. The villagers carried out the so-called "dressing to fulfill their wishes" without knowledge, reflecting their lack of understanding of cultural relics protection. Moreover, most villagers think that cultural relics protection is a matter of the cultural relics department and they lack initiative. On the other hand, there were also some problems with the relevant departments. For example, the incident in Nanjiang County also revealed that the supervision of the departments was not rigorous. However, there were also many areas that actively took measures to strengthen the protection of rural cultural relics. For example, Pingyao County emphasized the need to strengthen the protection and utilization of rural cultural relics, deeply excavate excellent traditional culture, use digital means to protect ancient buildings, ancient trees, etc., but also attach importance to the safety of cultural relics; Shuzai Town of Dianbai District actively promoted the protection, inheritance and development of rural tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage. By organizing special work meetings to deploy cultural relics protection and general survey work, the public's awareness of cultural relics protection was strengthened; Jiancha Town of Dejiang County took four measures simultaneously to strengthen the protection of cultural relics and historic sites, including the responsibility of compression work, strengthening resource management, and clear protection responsibilities. The street along the river in Kylin District implemented the policy of "protection first, rescue first, rational utilization, and strengthening management". Through the construction of educated youth cultural industrial park, cultural relics were "alive" and a variety of living cultural relics were protected at the same time. In general, although there were positive protection actions being carried out, the protection of rural cultural relics still faced problems such as weak awareness and loopholes in supervision. The current situation was not optimistic and needed further efforts to improve. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural Relics Protection Title
Here are some examples of titles related to heritage preservation: ** I. Title emphasizing the importance of cultural relics protection ** 1. "Cultural Relics Protection: The Key to Inheriting the Roots of Culture" 2. "Protecting Cultural Relics: The Cornerstone to Consolidating the National Spirit--On the Profound Meaning of Cultural Relics Protection" ** 2. Title of the Cultural Relics Protection Work ** 1. "Cultural Relic Protection Work: From Repair and Preservation to Value Interpretation." 2. "Exploring the Protection of Cultural Relics: Safety Management, Ways of Use, and Inheritance Mission" ** 3. Title combined with the protection of cultural relics in specific areas ** 1. "Heritage Conservation in [Area Name]: Achievement, Challenge and Future Vision" 2. "Creation and Development of Cultural Relics Protection in [Region]: Taking [a specific cultural relic protection project or cultural relic] as an example." ** 4. Title on Cultural Relics Protection Personnel ** 1. "Cultural Relic Protector: The part-time guardian mission behind the annual salary of 2400 yuan" 2. "Focus on Cultural Relics Protection Manpower: How They Hold Up the Sky of Cultural Relics Protection" ** 5. Title from the perspective of integration of cultural relics protection and tourism ** 1. "Integration of Cultural Relics Protection and Travel: Making Cultural Relics 'Live' and 'Flame'" 2. "Cultural Relics Protection under the Integration of Culture and Travel: New Opportunity and New Challenge" <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Surface protection of cultural relics
The surface protection of cultural relics is one of the important operational units of cultural relics protection. Its purpose was to prevent the erosion of the surface of cultural relics by harmful gases in the air, acid, alkalium, salt, secondary pollution generated by the action of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide or metal dioxide, and harmful microorganisms carried by dust. Sealing materials were mainly divided into natural and synthetic materials. Natural materials included shellac, wax, oil, etc., while synthetic materials were synthetic resins, including acryl, polyvinyl-Butyral, epoxy, etc. The requirements for the sealing material included the color being transparent and not changing the original color of the object. It also required water resistance, water resistance, dust resistance, ventilation, isolation, and so on. In the specific practice of cultural relic protection, such as the porcelain unearthed from the "South China Sea I", in order to keep the precious ink book at the bottom of the vessel as much as possible, after the porcelain was washed, it was necessary to apply a sealing material before the desolation and soaking. The iron and copper cultural relics unearthed were eroded by seawater and air. After cleaning, rust removal and other protective steps, they also needed to be coated with sealing materials to isolate the air. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Lucheng Cultural Relics Protection
Lucheng had taken many measures to protect cultural relics. Firstly, from the perspective of philosophy, they should adhere to the working principle of "protection first, strengthen management, excavate value, effectively use, and let cultural relics come alive". In terms of specific actions, establish and improve the safety and responsibility supervision system of cultural relics, and improve various cultural relics protection measures. For example, the District Culture and Travel Bureau strengthened safety precautions, strictly implemented cultural relics safety responsibility, supervision, inspection and patrol mechanisms, signed cultural relics safety responsibility letters with villages and towns and cultural relic users, and formed a three-level cultural relics protection responsibility system in districts, towns and villages to enhance protection awareness; In accordance with the principle of territorial management, all kinds of cultural relics shall sign the safety target responsibility letter step by step, establish and improve the assessment and evaluation mechanism of cultural relics safety responsibility, organize and carry out special inspection and supervision of cultural relics safety from time to time, and do a good job in the scope of cultural relics protection and the construction control zone in accordance with the law and regulations. In terms of manpower security, many staff members participated in the protection of cultural relics, such as Yang Aiping's family guarding Yuanqi Temple, and the staff of the District Culture and Travel Bureau actively carried out relevant work, such as preaching the important spirit of cultural relics protection at the grassroots level. In terms of cultural relics protection achievements, Lucheng now has 6 national protection, 15 provincial protection, 7 municipal protection, and 78 county protection. It has also carefully planned to promote the cultural relics protection and utilization project and the "Civilization Watch Project". It is initially determined to start with 3 revolutionary cultural relics and 2 ancient buildings to carry out part of the cultural relics display work to achieve the combination of cultural relics protection and utilization. In terms of publicity and promotion, we should actively explore new ways of "win-win" for the protection of cultural relics and rational use. For example, we should spread the knowledge of cultural relics protection to the masses and create an atmosphere for everyone to participate in the protection of cultural relics. At the same time, we should use online exhibition technology to allow more historical relics to be displayed and introduced through pictures and electronic means to promote cultural heritage to come alive, meet the needs of the people to share the fruits of cultural development, and further promote the integration and development of cultural relics work and tourism industry. Create a new business form of craftsman cultivation + ancient architecture research, and transform the advantages of cultural relics resources into the development advantages of cultural tourism industry under the premise of protection. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Assessment of cultural relics protection
There were many aspects and levels of consideration in the assessment of cultural relics protection: ** I. Assessment of Provincial Cultural Relics Protection and Usage Demonstrating Project ** 1. ** Pre-selection project declaration and evaluation related ** - The selection of the pre-selection project had to meet certain conditions. First of all, it must be a cultural relic protection unit at or above the provincial level (including the provincial level) that really needs to be protected and repaired. Secondly, the project must be representative and of a certain scale, have a certain social impact, and be expected to produce good social or economic benefits. Finally, the government where the cultural relic is located must have the enthusiasm to implement the protection project, and the corresponding management and implementation agencies and funds must be established. - The application for the pre-selection project shall be submitted by the administrative department of cultural relics of the city, county (city, district) where the cultural relic protection unit is located before the end of May every year. After filling in the application form, the Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau shall organize experts to review and select, and review and confirm it in early July. - The protection project that was determined to be a pre-selected project must be formulated in accordance with the relevant regulations for protection, repair, and reasonable utilization. The construction shall be subject to bidding and construction supervision, and the construction shall be carried out according to the approved plan. The Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau shall organize or entrust experts to guide and inspect according to the situation. After the completion of the pre-selected project, the project approval authority will organize the completion acceptance. If it fails, the qualification of the pre-selected project will be cancelled. - After the pre-selected project is completed and accepted, a reasonable utilization plan should be implemented as soon as possible to produce preliminary social or economic benefits within one year. 2. ** Official project evaluation ** - A demonstration project for the protection and utilization of cultural relics should meet a number of conditions. The survey and design, declaration, approval, construction, acceptance, etc. of the project shall comply with the national and provincial laws and regulations on the protection of cultural relics; The project shall strictly abide by the principle of cultural relics protection, comprehensively preserve and continue the true historical information and value of cultural relics, and the cultural relics and their historical environment shall be effectively protected; Under the premise of sufficient protection, it can be reasonably and appropriately utilized to obtain better social or economic benefits; The project management organization shall be sound, the work shall be standardized, effective, and the relevant information shall be complete. - The Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau will organize experts to inspect and evaluate the quality and utilization of the protection and repair within one year after the completion and acceptance of the pre-selected project or the directly declared project. The selected projects will be publicized, and the projects that pass the evaluation will be awarded the title of "Provincial Cultural Relics Protection and utilization demonstration project". ** II. Evaluation of cultural relics protection from the perspective of project management model ** 1. ** Evaluation in Design and Build Mode ** - Under the design and construction mode, the owner of the cultural relic protection unit entrusted the cultural relic protection expert or through long-term observation of the diseases of the cultural relic building. When maintenance was needed, the project was established, and then the cultural relic protection design unit signed a contract for design. After approval, the construction party was determined by bidding, and the construction was finally accepted according to the drawing. - The management method of this model was mature, and the procedures were familiar to all parties. The owner could freely choose the consultant and designer, and could effectively control the protection design and construction. However, the design and construction were separated, and the owner's control power was likely to produce factors that were not conducive to the protection of cultural relics. Moreover, the time span was long, the links were lax, the initial capital investment was large, and the design change procedures were cumbersome. 2. ** Evaluation in Building Management Mode ** - Under the building management mode, the owner of the cultural relic protection first entrusted the cultural relic building management firm to evaluate the existing situation of the cultural relic building, establish the project, and the design unit to make a preliminary design. After approval, the cultural relic management firm, the design unit, and the construction unit entered the site at the same time. The design unit made a detailed survey and formulated the maintenance design, and the construction unit carried out the construction according to the drawing. The Cultural Relics Management Office managed the project, coordinating the design and construction. - This model can effectively ensure the realization of the goal of the cultural relic protection project, shorten the design to construction period, save money, and improve the level of protection design. However, there are few cultural relic building management offices with high professional level, complex management and coordination of design and construction at the same time, and the owner and management department have no obvious intervention in the protection project. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Tieling Cultural Relics Protection
Tieling had many measures and relevant situations in the protection of cultural relics. Some counties and districts in Tieling were listed as areas for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army. In Qinghe District, the People's Republic of China's Public Security Supervision Office launched a special public interest litigation supervision campaign for the protection of the Ming Great Wall Ruins (Qinghe Section). In addition to natural weathering, this section of the Great Wall was seriously damaged by human activities. There were problems such as damaged city walls, garbage piled up around it, and illegal land reclamation nearby. Qinghe District's People's Republic of China's People's People's Republic of China's People's People's Republic of China's Republic of China's People's Republic of China's Republic of China's People's Republic of China's Republic of China's People's Republic of China's Tieling Museum also took on the task of researching the city's archaeology and local history. In the early 1980s, on the basis of the general survey of cultural relics, in order to coordinate with the national large-scale infrastructure, it carried out many cultural relics reconnaissance and archaeological operations, so that a large number of cultural relics were protected. Over the years, it had cleaned up and excavated dozens of ancient ruins and tombs, and had made great achievements, such as the Bronze Age ruins of Shunshantun in Kangping. Its professionals had also published many treatises. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Rebuilding the protection of cultural relics
The repair, relocation and reconstruction of a cultural relic protection site shall be borne by the unit that has obtained the qualification certificate for cultural relic protection projects, and must abide by the principle of not changing the original state of the cultural relics. After the historical relics and ancient buildings were destroyed, they were generally not allowed to be rebuilt. Even if they were rebuilt, they would not be cultural relics in the original sense. However, the situation was more complicated for the missing ancient buildings on the ground. They could not be denied the restoration and reconstruction. For example, the city wall of Taizhou Prefecture in Linhai City was repaired. At that time, the provincial department in charge of cultural relics advocated maintaining the status quo. However, after Linhai City repaired it on its own, Mr. Luo Zhewen approved the repair and felt that it was enough to apply for national protection. In the end, the city wall became a provincial protection in 1997 and a national protection in 2001. This meant that if there was a basis for restoration of the missing parts, such as residual height, foundation, or surrounding reference objects, then the restoration was in line with the principle of cultural relics protection. In addition, when the owner unit thinks that it should be rebuilt after weighing, the cultural relics department should not reject it all, but should actively participate, have a full say on how to repair and give specific guidance, which may be more in line with the fundamental interests of cultural relics protection. For example, Zhuolu County started the repair project of cultural relics protection units to repair and protect nine cultural relics protection units such as the Great Wall of Mashuikou. The project included the repair and construction of ancient building walls, the reinforcement and replacement of wooden structures, the reconstruction and restoration of roofs, etc., with a total investment of 30.4 million yuan, which was expected to be completed by the end of October. In terms of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, such as the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction of Fangshan cultural relics and cultural heritage in Beijing, we must thoroughly implement the relevant ideas and instructions, implement the overall plan for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction with high standards, actively promote recovery and reconstruction and cultural relics protection, and continuously strengthen the construction of cultural relics disaster prevention and reduction systems. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Bamboo slips and cultural relics
Bamboo slips were one of the carriers of characters before the appearance of paper in ancient China. They were first discovered during the Warring States Period and were completely replaced by paper during the Wei and Jin Dynasties. They had been used for more than a thousand years. It is made of bamboo and wood, and its shape includes bamboo slips, wooden slips, Gu, inspection, etc. Usually, one line is written as bamboo slips, many lines are written as wooden slips, and more lines need to be compiled into a book. The bamboo slips were plain in appearance, made of cheap materials, simple in workmanship, difficult to read, and obscure in writing. However, they carried a huge amount of historical information and had immeasurable value. For example, many idioms were related to it. The " Qing Shi " in " Ming Shi Qing Shi " was related to bamboo slips. Before the appearance of paper, most of the classics were recorded in bamboo slips or bamboo books, and the bamboo slips were made of green bamboo." Finishing " was also a process in the process of making bamboo slips. After the green bamboo dried, it turned yellow, which was called finishing. The water that was baked out was like sweat, which was called Han Qing. Finishing and Han Qing extended the meaning of books. According to the unearthed situation, there were many bamboo slips unearthed in Gansu Province, reaching more than 65,000. Most of them were unearthed in Dunhuang, Juyan, Wuwei, Tianshui and other places, among which the bamboo slips of Qin and Han Dynasties were the most, including the bamboo slips of Qin, Han, Jin, Tang and Xixia dynasties. There are 50,129 pieces of cultural relics in the collection of Gansu Bamboo Slips Museum, mainly bamboo slips unearthed in Gansu Province, including 31,943 precious cultural relics above Grade 3, including nearly 40,000 Qin Bamboo Slips from Fangmatan in Tianshui, New Bamboo Slips from Juyan, Han Bamboo Slips from Jinguan in Jianshui, Diwan Han Bamboo Slips, Han Bamboo Slips from Majuanwan in Dunhuang, Han Bamboo Slips from Xuanquan and Bamboo Slips from Wei and Jin Dynasties. In addition to the bamboo slips, there were also a large number of cultural relics such as paper, silk, wood, lacquer, iron, bone, and clay. In terms of bamboo slips restoration, Jingzhou Cultural Relics Protection Center was relatively leading in the industry. It was responsible for the restoration of a large number of bamboo slips and wood lacquer in China. For example, it participated in the restoration and protection of important bamboo slips and cultural relics such as Liye Qin bamboo slips in Hunan, Zoumalou Wu bamboo slips in Changsha, Guodian Chu bamboo slips in Jingmen, and Fuyang Han bamboo slips in Anhui. It was responsible for the restoration of 80% of bamboo slips and 70% of water-saturated wood lacquer. The restoration process included cleaning, sorting, coloring, collecting and publishing information, dehydration, packaging, etc. The bamboo slips cultural relic protection restoration engineer needed to master the strength when cleaning the bamboo slips, and could only wash one or two bamboo slips a day at most. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Cultural Relics Protection of Kaishan Temple
Kaishan Temple was a national key cultural relic protection unit located in Gaobeidian City, Hebei Province. Kaishan Temple was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit in 1996. The temple had undergone many repairs and protection works, including the repair of the main body of the Mahavira Hall, the Heavenly King Hall, the Vajra Hall, and other buildings. The walls and courtyards were repaired, guardrails were installed, and special personnel were assigned to take care of them 24 hours a day. The main hall of Kaishan Temple was one of the representative wooden structures of the Liao Dynasty and had an important position in the history of ancient China architecture. In 2006, the State Council declared the temple as a national key cultural relic protection unit. After the renovation, Kaishan Temple was officially opened to visitors for free on April 25th, 2023. The visitors could visit the thousand-year-old temple up close and feel its grandeur and magnificence.
Protection of ancient kiln cultural relics
The ancient kiln belonged to the category of ancient cultural heritage among immovable cultural relics. Cultural relics protection is a series of measures to prevent the damage of historical relics with historical value, cultural value and scientific value. For the protection of immovable cultural relics such as ancient kilns, the principle of not changing the original state of cultural relics and the principle of minimum intervention should be adhered to, so as to preserve the historical information and historical value of cultural relics to the greatest extent. To be specific, repairs, maintenance, relocation, and other work must follow these principles. From the management level, the State Administration of Cultural Relics was in charge of the national cultural relics protection work, the provincial cultural relics bureau was in charge of the provincial cultural relics protection work, and the cultural relics administrative departments of the people's governments of various states, cities, counties (cities) were in charge of the local cultural relics protection work. At the same time, towns and villages can set up cultural relics protection leading groups to be responsible for the protection of cultural relics and the organization and management of cultural relics protectors; villages can set up cultural relics protection groups to be responsible for the protection of cultural relics within the village. Various places are also exploring various ways of protection and utilization, such as holding cultural activities, exhibition and other forms to deeply excavate the historical meaning of the ancient kiln, tell historical stories and inherit cultural value; It can also extend the cultural tourism industry chain, promote the integration of ancient kiln cultural relics and tourism, make cultural relics "live" and "fire", let more people understand the history and culture behind the ancient kiln, and make the achievements of cultural relics protection more beneficial to the people. In addition, the protection of cultural relics was a dynamic protection process, which should be presented at the legal and policy level. Since the implementation of the Cultural Relics Protection Law in 1982, it had been revised five times, which also provided legal basis and guarantee for the protection of ancient kilns. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>