Table tennis rules in detail

The knowledge of table tennis rules and referees included many aspects: ** 1. Competition venue and equipment rules ** 1. ** Table ** - The surface of the upper layer was the competition platform, which was 2.74 meters long, 1.525 meters wide, and 76 centimeters high from the ground. It should be parallel to the horizontal plane. The surface of the table, excluding the sides, should have a consistent elasticity. The standard ball bounced up about 23 centimeters when it fell from a height of 30 centimeters to the table. The countertop was evenly dark and dull. There was a 2-centimeter wide white line along the 2.74-meter side line and the 1.525-meter end line. During doubles, the countertop area was divided into two equal "half areas" by a 3-millimeter wide white center line. The center line was regarded as a part of the right half area. 2. ** Net device ** - include a ball net, a suspension net rope, a net column and a fixed clamp part. The net was hung on a rope, and the two ends of the rope were tied to a 15.25-centimeter tall net pole. The outer edge of the net pole was 15.25 centimeters apart. The top of the entire net should be 15.25 cm away from the playing table. The bottom edge should be as close to the playing table as possible, and both ends should be as close to the net pole as possible. 3. ** Ball ** - It was a sphere with a diameter of 40.60 mm (effective since 2016) and weighed 2.7 grams. It was made of plastic, white or orange, and dull. 4. ** Racquet ** - There are no restrictions on size, shape and weight, but the floor should be flat, hard and at least 85% natural wood. The reinforced bottom plate can be made of carbon fiber and other fiber materials, and each layer does not exceed 7.5% or 0.35 mm of the total thickness of the bottom plate. The surface of the racket can be covered with a layer of ordinary particle glue (not more than 2mm thick, 10 - 50 particles per square centimeter) or sponge glue (not more than 4mm thick) with inward or outward particles. It should cover the entire surface of the racket but not the part near the handle and fingers. Both sides of the racket must be lusterless regardless of whether there is a cover or not. One side must be bright red and the other side must be black. When changing rackets in a match, the opponent and the referee must be shown and allowed to check. ** 2. Knowledge related to the referee's operating procedures ** 1. ** Pre-match operation rules ** - ** Clothing **: Referees should dress appropriately and appropriately. They are not allowed to carry items that distract athletes, such as bags, irrelevant badges, and brooches. - ** Arrival Time **: Be punctual and enter according to the procedure. - ** Inspection Work **: - Check the competition venue, including the placement of the boards and whether there are any sundries on the ground. If they do not meet the requirements, deal with them as soon as possible. - Check the height and tension of the net and wipe the table. - Check the rackets, clothing, number cloths, etc. of the athletes and deal with any problems in time. - ** Host the draw **: Host the drawing of lots and picking of sides by the athletes on both sides of the competition, and determine the positions of the athletes and the order of serving and receiving. - ** Pre-match practice **: Arrange for the athletes of both teams to do warm-up exercises that do not exceed 2 minutes. - ** Start of the match **: Terminate the warm-up exercise with an accurate and clear voice and announce the start of the match. 2. ** Rules of Operation in the Competition ** - ** Serve Judgement **: - A serve that grazed the net must be judged in time to be re-served. - If the player does not throw the ball high enough (less than 16cm), there is an obstruction, or the ball is thrown inside the table, the player must be judged to have violated the rules in time. A warning or a direct penalty can be given to lose points. - ** Scoring accuracy **: - According to the facts of the game (wiping the net, wiping the edge, re-serving, exchanging the serve, etc.), accurately judge the score, and use a clear and loud voice to report the score in time. You can also use the correct hand gesture to report the score. The scoring gesture was to raise the arm close to the scoring side, with the upper arm level to the shoulder, the forearm vertical, and the hand clenched upward; the exchange serve gesture was to open the palm and point to the next server, with the arm straight and raised to shoulder height. - Correct use of the scoring device. - ** Correct use of brand **: - Yellow cards were used to warn athletes of bad behavior. - A red card was used by the chief referee to expel the coach from the field and to disqualify the athlete from the competition. - The white card was used by the referee to pause the game, and the pause card was placed on the table during the pause. - ** Time Management **: manage the time properly, such as no more than two minutes of warm-up practice before the competition, and grasp the rationality of the time spent on wiping the sweat of the athletes. ** 3. Knowledge related to referee level ** There were five levels of table tennis referees in the world, from the lowest to the highest: basic level, national level, international level, international blue card, and international gold medal. In China, the basic level was divided into three levels, two levels, and one level. Generally speaking, those who have mastered the theory of table tennis rules and participated in the on-the-spot enforcement of table tennis matches have the ability of a national third-level referee. If they go to the district or county sports bureau for training, they can obtain a third-level certificate without taking an examination. The second-level and first-level referees have to pass a stricter theoretical examination and on-the-spot enforcement evaluation. The national referees need to be recommended by the provincial and municipal sports bureau and pass the examination. It is more difficult to obtain the international referees. 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Table tennis is a two - or four - player sport. 11 points win a set. Coin toss decides serve. There are rules for serving and returning. While watching the Olympics, you can also read the wonderful novels related to the Olympics!

In a table tennis match, an 11-point system was used in a single game. The first party to get 11 points won. If the score of both sides reaches 10, one side needs to lead by 2 points to win. Under some special competition systems, such as the time-limited point-snatching system between Zhang Jike and Hou Yingchao, the first player to reach 35 points within 10 minutes of the third quarter would win and the game would end. If the third quarter exceeded 10 minutes and a tie occurred, the right to serve would be taken, and the first player to surpass the opponent by 2 points would win. While watching the Olympics, you can also read the wonderful novels related to the Olympics!

Rules of Table Tennis: - Equipment: - The table is 2.74 meters long, 1.525 meters wide and 0.76 meters high above the ground. - The ball is 40 millimeters in diameter, white, yellow or orange, and non - glossy. - The racket must be non - glossy. - Competition format: - The competition consists of an odd number of sets. In a set, the player who first scores 11 points wins; when the score is tied at 10 - 10, the player who first gets a 2 - point lead wins. - In singles, the server serves legally first, then the receiver returns legally, and then they take turns to return legally. - In doubles, the server serves legally first, then the receiver returns legally, then the server's partner returns legally, and then the receiver's partner returns legally. After that, the athletes take turns to return legally in this order.

The table tennis rules are as follows: To start playing table tennis, you need a partner as it is a two - person sport. Each person needs a racquet, and you also need a table tennis ball and a table tennis table with a net. The serving rules are that each person serves two services and then exchanges the serve. The ball must hit the server's side first and then pass the net to the opposite side. Regarding the scoring, keep playing until the score reaches 11 points. Whoever reaches 11 points first is the winner of the game or match, unless the score is 10:10. In the case of a 10:10 score, each player has to serve the ball every single point. From a 10:10 score, the game continues until the score gap is 2, such as 11:10, 12:10, 13:11, 14:12, etc. In official matches, according to the ITTF (International Table Tennis Federation), each match consists of seven games (best of seven), and the possible scores are 4:0, 4:1, 4:2, or 4:3. In some informal matches, the rule can be best of five, and the player who wins three games out of five is the winner. Also, when serving, the server must start with the ball in an open palm. The ball must be above and behind the table surface level. The server must throw the ball nearly vertically upwards without making it spin, and the ball should rise at least 16 centimeters after leaving the non - racket - holding hand, and it should not touch any object before being hit. The translation was as follows: To start playing table tennis, you need a partner, because it's a two-person sport. Everyone needed a racket, a ping pong ball, and a ping pong table with a net. The rule of the service was that each person served the ball twice and then exchanged the right to serve. The ball must first hit the server's side and then cross the net to the opponent's side. As for the score, the competition would continue until one side reached 11 points. The first player to score 11 points wins the game, unless the score is 10:10. If the score was 10:10, each player could only serve once at a time. Starting from 10:10, the game continued until the score gap reached 2, such as 11:10, 12:10, 13:11, 14:12, and so on. According to the rules of the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), each match consisted of seven rounds (best of seven). The possible scores were 4:0, 4:1, 4:2 or 4:3. In some unofficial competitions, a best of five system could be used, and the player who won three of the five games would be the winner. In addition, when serving, the server must place the ball on the open palm to start serving. The ball must be above and behind the surface level of the table. The server must throw the ball up almost vertically without spinning it. The ball should rise at least 16 centimeters after leaving the non-hand grip and must not touch anything before it is hit. While watching the Olympics, you can also read the wonderful novels related to the Olympics!

The rules of the table tennis room were as follows: - In terms of venue usage: - The ping-pong room shall be used for physical education teaching and sports team training in the school. The school, the secondary colleges (departments), the departments and other foreign affairs activities of the school must be approved by the school's sports department and arranged uniformly. During class time, no one unrelated to teaching is allowed to enter the venue. - The ping-pong room in the family entertainment room was set according to the owner's preferences, but there were no special rules for use. - Some ping-pong rooms are not allowed to be borrowed or occupied without the approval of the school leaders. The court is free of charge to the school staff (including the affiliated hospital staff) and students. The opening time is from Monday to Friday 17:00 - 21:00 pm, Saturday and holidays 15:00 - 21:00 pm, and Sunday is closed. - Personnel training behavior: - The team members should train on time every day, not late or leave early; they should not make a noise or make a fuss when they enter the room for training; they should wear sportswear and sports shoes every day; if they are sick or unwell, they should ask for leave from the teacher in time; civilized training should be carried out according to the order of play; movements should not be too big during training should be carried out according to the requirements of the teacher, and pay attention to their own safety during training. - The participants must obey the management of the staff, be civilized and polite, and consciously abide by the rules of the venue. - In terms of facility maintenance: - Take good care of indoor facilities and sports equipment. It is forbidden to hang clothes on the net and not sit on the table tennis table. It is forbidden to hit the table with a racket or an incorrect technique. It is forbidden to move or step on the table tennis table and remove the net without permission. It is forbidden to move the table tennis table, pull or dismantle the net without permission. Damage to public property shall be compensated according to the price. - In terms of environmental hygiene: - Maintain the cleanliness of the venue. Smoking, spitting, and littering are strictly prohibited. Spitting, smoking, posting, and littering are prohibited indoors. Maintain air circulation and maintain a good hygiene environment. After the event, clean up, close the doors and windows, and cut off the power. - Special rules: - High-heeled shoes, leather shoes and nail shoes are strictly prohibited from entering the venue, and all kinds of vehicles are strictly prohibited from entering the venue. While watching the Olympics, you can also read the wonderful novels related to the Olympics!

The standard size of the table tennis table was set by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). The length of the table is 2.74 meters, the width is 1.525 meters, the height of the table is 0.76 meters from the ground, the height of the net is 15.25 centimeters, the protruding size of the middle net is 0.1525 meters, and the thickness of the table is 18 - 30 millimeters. Along the edge of the 2.74-meter playing table, there was a 2-centimeter wide white line called the sideline, along the 1.525-meter playing table, there was a 2-centimeter wide white line called the end line, and there was a 3-millimeter wide white line parallel to the sideline that divided the table into two equal halves called the center line. While watching the Olympics, you can also read the wonderful novels related to the Olympics!

The rules of the table tennis final varied according to the type of competition. In the Singles competition: - In terms of scoring, the 11-point system was generally used. The first party to score 11 points was the winner. If the score of both sides reached 10, they would need to lead the other side by 2 points to win (that is, they needed to reach 12:10 or higher). - The rules of service required players to stand behind their own end line (including the end line) and throw the ball almost vertically up with their hands without spinning the ball. When the ball descends, hit the ball with the racket, so that the ball first touches the table area of the side, and then goes over or around the net device to touch the opponent's table area. When the racket touches the ball, the ball should be behind the end line of the server (including the end line) and above the level of the competition table. The serve should not block the opponent's line of sight and should be carried out after the opponent is ready. - The rules for hitting the ball were that the players must take turns hitting the ball. The ball should be above the level of the table and outside the end line, and it should not touch anything other than the net. If the ball crosses the net without touching the opponent's area, or if the ball does not touch the opponent's area after touching the net, it will be judged as a loss of points. - The rule of changing serve was that after every two points, the receiver would become the server, and so on until the end of the game. In the doubles competition, in addition to the general rules of the single match, the order and position of the serve and receive must also follow the "rotation rule". In the final of the Olympic table tennis team competition: - A best of five system was adopted. The team that won three matches first would win. Among them, only the first match was a doubles match, and the following four matches were all single matches. - Each match was based on a best of five system. The first to win three games would win. In each game, the first team to reach 11 points would win. If they reached a tie of 10 - 10, they would need an additional 2 points to win. The 2024 Chengdu Mixed Team Table Tennis World Cup finals were divided into three stages. The third stage was the elimination system. The rules of the mixed doubles competition in the 2024 table tennis finals were eight pairs, including the top seven pairs and a pair of host players. The competition would be divided into two stages. The first half was the group competition, and the top two of each group would advance. Then, the semi-finals would adopt the elimination system. While watching the Olympics, you can also read the wonderful novels related to the Olympics!

The rules of table tennis include the following aspects: ** 1. Competition venue and equipment ** 1. ** Table **: 2.74 meters long, 1.525 meters wide, 0.76 meters high. There is a 15.25 cm high net in the middle dividing the table into two equal fields. The color is usually green. 2. ** Racquet **: The surface of the racket is made of rubber and has two colors, red and black. 3. ** Table tennis ball **: 40mm in diameter, white, yellow, or orange, and dull. ** 2. Competition Rules ** 1. ** Serve ** - Before the game began, the first player to serve was determined by tossing a coin or guessing the ball. When serving, the ball should be placed on the palm of the hand that is not holding the clap. The palm should be opened and kept still. The ball must be thrown almost vertically upward by the hand. The ball must not spin. The ball must rise no less than 16 centimeters after leaving the palm. The ball must not touch anything before it is hit. When the ball descends from the highest point of the toss, the server can hit the ball so that the ball first touches his own table area, then passes over or around the net device, and then touches the receiving player's table area. If it was a double, the ball should touch the right half of the server and the receiver. From the beginning of the service to the hitting of the ball, the ball must always be above the table and beyond the end line of the server, and it must not be blocked by any part of the server or his partner's body or clothes. When the player serves, the moment the ball comes into contact with the racket, there must be no obstruction within the virtual triangle formed by the ball and the net column, and there must be no obstruction above a certain height. One of the referees must be able to see the player's hitting point. - After each player served twice, they exchanged the right to serve, and both sides took turns to serve. 2. ** Receive **: The player who receives the ball must hit the ball before the opponent's serve lands. Then the ball must cross the net and land in the opponent's court. 3. ** Scoring Rules ** - Each game had an 11-point system, and the first team to score 11 points was the winner. If the score of both sides reached 10, they needed to continue the game until one side led by two points. - Singles table tennis matches usually consisted of two best of three games (preliminary round), three best of five games (semi-final/semi-final), and four best of seven games (final round). 4. ** Other Rules ** - Before each game, the players from both sides would exchange places, and after each game, they would exchange the right to serve. A tiebreaker (the last game when the scores are equal). When one side gets five points, they have to switch places again. - Players should abide by the principles of sportsmanship and fair competition during the game. They should not touch the table, the net or use unfair means to interfere with their opponents. They can exchange rackets at any time during the game, but they cannot change the table tennis ball. ** 3. Fighting style ** 1. ** Serve and Position Selection **: The serve can be launched from any position and angle, and there is no restriction on the landing point and direction. In the official game, the two sides decided who would serve first and which position to serve from by guessing the ball (the referee swapped the positions of the ball with his left and right hands under the table, and the athlete guessed which hand the ball was in. If he guessed correctly, he could choose to serve first or choose a position) or tossing a coin (the referee tossed a coin, and the athlete guessed the front and back, and if he guessed correctly, he could choose to serve first or choose a position). 2. ** Return of Service **: When receiving a service, after the ball falls into the opponent's half of the court, the racket can be used to hit the ball back at any position and angle, regardless of the landing point and direction. 3. ** Hit the ball **: When hitting the ball, you need to hit it with the racket after the ball falls into your own half. The ball can be hit at any position and angle, and there is no limit to the landing point and direction. 4. ** Dealing with special circumstances ** - If the ball grabs the net or the net post before passing the net, but can fall into the opponent's half according to the rules, it is considered a "net graze" and needs to be served again. If the ball does not fall into the opponent's half after touching the net, it is a service error and the opponent scores. - When receiving or hitting the ball, the ball grazed the net or the net post before it passed the net. If it could fall into the opponent's half according to the rules, it was considered a "net graze" and the game continued. If it could not fall into the opponent's half after it grazed the net, it was a mistake and the opponent scored. - If the ball goes directly over the net when receiving or hitting the ball and does not bounce in your own half, it is considered a mistake and the opponent scores. - If the ball hits the opponent's body or clothing directly without bouncing in the opponent's half, the team scores. - If both sides hit the other side's body or clothing at the same time during the return of the ball or the shot, but did not bounce in the other side's half, it would be considered a draw and the match would be restarted. 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