Rewind n steps and choose to resend
The n-step backward (GGN) and the selective repeat (PR) are two error recovery methods in computer networks. The n-step backtracking protocol (GGN) was an automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol, also known as the sliding window protocol. In the GGN protocol, the sender can send multiple packets in a row without waiting for each packet to be acknowledged, but the number of unacknowledged packets cannot exceed the default maximum value N (window length). The sender would set a timer for the first packet in the window. If the sender received an acknowledgment from the receiver before the timer expired and there were still sent but unacknowledged packets in the window, the timer would be restarted. If all the sent packets in the window had been acknowledged, the timer would be stopped. If the sender does not receive an acknowledgment from the receiver before the timer expired, the sender will resend all the unacknowledged packets sent in the current window and restart the timer. The GGN protocol uses a cumulative confirmation method for the confirmation of the packet with the sequence number n, indicating that the receiver has correctly received all the packets before the sequence number n, including n. The purpose of choosing the Retransmission protocol (SSR) was to improve the backward n-step protocol. The error of a data packet would cause the subsequent consecutive packets to be discarded because they could not be received in order by the receiver (in fact, they did not have error codes and were out of order), causing the sender to waste communication resources by retransmitting these data packets over time. In the selective replay protocol, the size of the receiving window W was greater than 1, so that the receiver would first receive the data packets that arrived out of order without error codes and whose sequence numbers fell within the receiving window. After all the missing packets were received, they would be handed over to the upper layer. In order to achieve this, the receiver could no longer use cumulative acknowledgment, but had to confirm each correctly received data packet one by one, and the sender only retransmitted the packet with errors. "Choose" was equally exciting. Everyone was welcome to read it!
Choose to re-transmit and retreat n steps
Both selective repeat (PR) and step back n (GGN) were error recovery protocol. The back-n-step protocol (GGN) allows the sender to send multiple data packets without waiting for acknowledgment, but it is limited by the number of unacknowledged packets in the pipeline. In this protocol, the receiving window W can only be equal to 1, which means that the receiver can only receive the data packets that arrive correctly in order. The error of one data packet will cause the subsequent consecutive packets to be discarded by the receiver because they cannot be received in order (even if these packets are not error-free and out of order), thus causing the sender to over-time the transmission of these data packets, which may waste communication resources. In order to overcome the limitation of the n-step backward protocol, the selective repeat protocol (SSR) was proposed. In the selective replay protocol, the size of the receiving window was greater than 1. The receiver could first receive the data packets that arrived out of order without error codes and whose sequence numbers fell within the receiving window. After all the missing packets were received, they would be handed over to the upper layer. Moreover, in order for the sender to only re-transmit the packets with errors, the receiver could no longer use the cumulative acknowledgment, but had to confirm each correctly received data packet one by one. "Choose" was equally exciting. Everyone was welcome to read it!
Is choosing to resend a cumulative confirmation?
Choosing to re-transmit was not a cumulative confirmation. In the selective repeat protocol, the receiver could no longer use cumulative acknowledgment, but had to confirm each correctly received data packet one by one. The purpose of this is to make the sender only re-transmit the packets with errors. Accumulated acknowledgement meant that the receiver could send back a acknowledgement packet that could acknowledge all packets up to a certain serial number, instead of sending acknowledgement packets for every serial number. For example, in the protocol, the sender sends multiple packets, and the receiver sends back a packet with a specific confirmation sequence number after successfully receiving some of the packets. The sender knows that the previous packets have been successfully sent and received, and if necessary, resends the packets starting from the confirmation sequence number. This mechanism was also applicable to other layers such as the link layer. " Choose " was equally exciting. Everyone was welcome to read it!
Rewind to 2008
" Back to 2008 " was a web novel written by a big pig trotter. The story was about the protagonist, Chen An, who returned to 2008 after getting drunk on his wedding night. He met his best friend and future wife again. The novel covered many scenes such as campus, work, family, and travel, showing the growth and happiness of Chen An and Tang Jiang. The novel has been completed, with a total of 374 chapters.
Rewind to 2008
" Back to 2008 " was a novel about urban life. The author was a big pig trotter. The story was about the protagonist, Chen An, who returned to 2008 after a hangover on his wedding night. He got along with his best friend and the girl next door who he had a crush on for many years. Chen An was faced with the choice of choosing his own fate. How should he decide? This novel has been completed, with a total of 374 chapters. You can try it out for free on Qidian Chinese website or you can order it.
Rewind to 2008
" Back to 2008 " was a novel about urban life. The author was a big pig trotter. The story was about the protagonist, Chen An, who returned to 2008 after a hangover on his wedding night. He got along with his best friend and the girl next door who he had a crush on for many years. Chen An was faced with the choice of choosing his own fate. How should he decide? This novel has been completed, with a total of 374 chapters. You can try it out for free on Qidian Chinese website or you can order it.
Three ways of automatic feedback and resend
In the satellite ATM network, the three automatic feedback retransmissions were the selective repeat protocol (SARQ), forward error control (FEC), and multi-station automatic feedback retransmissions. When dealing with the error frames in the sliding window protocol, all the correct frames after the bad frame are stored, and the sender only resends the damaged frames. Its advantage was that it only retransmitted the wrong frame, which could save the satellite link's band width and had high efficiency. Its disadvantage was that it was more complicated to implement and sensitive to memory. In the case of a high error rate, it needed to occupy a large amount of memory to store the subsequent correct frame. Due to the retransmissions, the delay would increase and change, so it was not suitable for constant bit rate (Cbr) services. Forward error control (FEC) refers to the error control method that can automatically correct a certain degree of transmission error according to the principle of coding at the transmitting end. In the satellite ATM network, the FEC mechanism can be applied to the physical layer, AAL layer, and higher layers. the FEC applied to the physical layer cannot correct cell loss, while the FEC applied to the higher layer cannot correct errors. The reference materials did not provide more information about the automatic feedback and replay of multi-station. "Choose" was equally exciting. Everyone was welcome to read it!
Rewind Life 1991
The 1991 of Life was a short drama that told the story of the president of Feiyang Group, Zhang Yang, who was thrown into the swamp by his adopted son with an excavator. His good brother and his wife were playing around and laughing at his adopted son for not being his biological son. The plot also involved the improper behavior of the two of them during the engagement banquet, as well as the loss of all of Zhang Yang's assets and businesses. However, the development and ending of the plot were not mentioned in the search results. Therefore, the exact plot and ending of Life 1991 were currently unknown.
Rewind the camera
In the digital video camera, if it is in the stop state, press the fast rewinding button, and the tape will quickly rewind; if it is in the replay state, press this button (some digital video cameras need to press and hold), and the digital video camera will quickly return to the search (search) state. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Is Rewind a true story?
I'm not sure. It depends on how the story is presented and the background information provided. Sometimes, stories labeled as such can have elements of truth mixed with fiction.
Rewind to the 2008 TXT version
It was a 2008 edition TXT download of an urban romance novel written by the author, a big pig trotter. The file size of the novel was 2.23M, and the file type was TXTL. However, the search results did not provide specific download links or resources. Therefore, it is impossible to provide detailed information about the download of the 2008 Refined Version TXT.