webnovel
What's the principle of the reaction of synthesizing acetic-acid by the fermentation of alcohol?

What's the principle of the reaction of synthesizing acetic-acid by the fermentation of alcohol?

2026-09-22 10:31
1 answer

The conversion of alcohol to aceticacid, under the conditions of sufficient oxygen and a catalyst, was first catalyze and oxidation to aceticacid. The reaction equation was 2CH CH ^O ^→2CH CH ^O +2H ^O. Then, the aceticacid formed continued to be oxidation to aceticacid. From a microscopic point of view, the O-H in the alcohol and the C-H on the carbon connected to the hydrogen group were broken, forming a double bond between the carbon atom and the oxygen atom. In the industry, Aceterobacteria can ferment alcohol into vinegar from alcohol-containing food (such as cider, wine mixed with grains, wheat, rice, or potato) when there is sufficient oxygen. The reaction equation is C <2> H <2> CH <2> COH + H <2> O. Furthermore, alcohol could also be directly oxided to acetic-acid by strong oxidisers such as acidic potassium Permanganate and K2Cr2O2. Read more exciting novels for free

Defy The Alpha(s)

Defy The Alpha(s)

Two centuries after the Great War, peace between humans and werewolves was finally achieved, or so everyone believes. Werewolves reign like gods, and humans remain blissfully unaware of their true place in the new world order. To maintain this fragile balance, each year, a handful of "lucky" humans are selected from various districts to attend Lunaris Academy, a prestigious institution that promises glory, status, and a chance to mingle with the elite. Those chosen are hailed as the lucky few, destined to marry powerful alphas and rise as luna. This year, Violet Purple is among the chosen, much to everyone's surprise. For an orphaned girl adopted by a disgraced prostitute, this is a golden ticket to a better life or so she's told. But Lunaris Academy isn’t the paradise it’s painted to be. Everything Violet and her fellow humans have been taught is a lie. Humans are far from equal; they're pawns in a much larger game. The academy is nothing but a gilded cage, and the students are lambs led to slaughter, playthings for the alphas to toy with in their ruthless games. To make matters worse, Violet catches the attention of the most dangerous players in this game, the Terror Four: the Alpha of the North, Alpha of the South, Alpha of the East, and Alpha of the West. Each one is more dangerous, more twisted, and more powerful than the last. But even among themselves, the alphas are divided, each with their own deadly ambitions. Yet, they all have their eyes on her. They expect Violet to play along, to fall in line like the others who worship at their feet, to break under their games. But Violet isn’t like the others. She refuses to bow. She’ll defy them all.
Fantasy
917 Chs
Défier Les Alpha(s)

Défier Les Alpha(s)

Deux siècles après la Grande Guerre, la paix entre les humains et les loups-garous a finalement été atteinte, du moins tout le monde le croit. Les loups-garous règnent comme des dieux, et les humains restent dans une ignorance bienheureuse de leur véritable place dans le nouvel ordre mondial. Pour maintenir cet équilibre fragile, chaque année, une poignée d'humains "chanceux" sont sélectionnés dans divers districts pour assister à l'Académie Lunaris, une institution prestigieuse qui promet gloire, statut et une chance de côtoyer l'élite. Ceux qui sont choisis sont acclamés comme les quelques chanceux, destinés à épouser de puissants alphas et à s'élever en tant que luna. Cette année, Violet Purple est parmi les élus, à la surprise de tous. Pour une fille orpheline adoptée par une prostituée déshonorée, c'est un ticket en or pour une vie meilleure ou du moins c'est ce qu'on lui dit. Mais l'Académie Lunaris n'est pas le paradis qu'on décrit. Tout ce que Violet et ses camarades humains ont appris est un mensonge. Les humains sont loin d'être égaux ; ils sont des pions dans un jeu bien plus vaste. L'académie n'est rien de plus qu'une cage dorée, et les étudiants sont des agneaux menés à l'abattoir, des jouets pour les alphas dans leurs jeux impitoyables. Pour aggraver les choses, Violet attire l'attention des joueurs les plus dangereux dans ce jeu, les Quatre Terreurs : l'Alpha du Nord, l'Alpha du Sud, l'Alpha de l'Est et l'Alpha de l'Ouest. Chacun est plus dangereux, plus tordu et plus puissant que le précédent. Mais même entre eux, les alphas sont divisés, chacun poursuivant ses propres ambitions mortelles. Pourtant, ils ont tous les yeux rivés sur elle. Ils s'attendent à ce que Violet suive le mouvement, tombe dans les rangs comme les autres qui vénèrent à leurs pieds, qu'elle casse sous leurs jeux. Mais Violet n'est pas comme les autres. Elle refuse de s'incliner. Elle va tous les défier.
Fantastique
917 Chs
Desafie o(s) Alfa(s)

Desafie o(s) Alfa(s)

Dois séculos após a Grande Guerra, a paz entre humanos e lobisomens finalmente foi alcançada, ou assim todos acreditam. Lobisomens reinam como deuses, e os humanos permanecem blissfully inconscientes de seu verdadeiro lugar na nova ordem mundial. Para manter esse frágil equilíbrio, a cada ano, um punhado de humanos "sortudos" é selecionado de vários distritos para frequentar a Lunaris Academy, uma instituição prestigiosa que promete glória, status e uma chance de se misturar com a elite. Os escolhidos são celebrados como os poucos sortudos, destinados a casar-se com poderosos alfas e ascender como luna. Este ano, Violet Purple está entre os escolhidos, para surpresa de todos. Para uma garota órfã adotada por uma prostituta desonrada, este é um bilhete dourado para uma vida melhor, ou pelo menos é o que dizem a ela. Mas a Lunaris Academy não é o paraíso que aparenta ser. Tudo o que Violet e seus companheiros humanos foram ensinados é uma mentira. Os humanos estão longe de serem iguais; são peões em um jogo muito maior. A academia é nada mais do que uma gaiola dourada, e os alunos são cordeiros levados ao abate, brinquedos para os alfas se divertirem em seus jogos impiedosos. Para piorar as coisas, Violet chama a atenção dos jogadores mais perigosos deste jogo, os Quatro do Terror: o Alfa do Norte, Alfa do Sul, Alfa do Leste e Alfa do Oeste. Cada um é mais perigoso, mais perverso e mais poderoso que o anterior. Mas mesmo entre si, os alfas estão divididos, cada um com suas próprias ambições mortais. Ainda assim, todos têm os olhos sobre ela. Eles esperam que Violet siga o fluxo, caia na linha como os outros que adoram aos seus pés, se quebre sob seus jogos. Mas Violet não é como os outros. Ela se recusa a se curvar. Ela vai desafiá-los a todos.
Fantasia
785 Chs
Desafía al Alfa(s)

Desafía al Alfa(s)

Dos siglos después de la Gran Guerra, la paz entre humanos y hombres lobo finalmente se logró, o eso creen todos. Los hombres lobo reinan como dioses, y los humanos permanecen alegremente inconscientes de su verdadero lugar en el nuevo orden mundial. Para mantener este frágil equilibrio, cada año, un puñado de humanos "afortunados" son seleccionados de varios distritos para asistir a la Academia Lunaris, una institución prestigiosa que promete gloria, estatus y una oportunidad de mezclarse con la élite. Los elegidos son considerados como los pocos afortunados, destinados a casarse con poderosos alfa y ascender como luna. Este año, Violet Purple está entre las elegidas, para sorpresa de todos. Para una niña huérfana adoptada por una prostituta deshonrada, esto es un boleto dorado para una vida mejor o eso le dicen. Pero la Academia Lunaris no es el paraíso que pintan ser. Todo lo que Violet y sus compañeros humanos han aprendido es una mentira. Los humanos están lejos de ser iguales; son peones en un juego mucho más grande. La academia no es más que una jaula dorada, y los estudiantes son corderos llevados al matadero, juguetes para que los alfas jueguen en sus despiadados juegos. Para empeorar las cosas, Violet atrae la atención de los jugadores más peligrosos de este juego, los Cuatro del Terror: el Alfa del Norte, Alfa del Sur, Alfa del Este y Alfa del Oeste. Cada uno es más peligroso, más retorcido y más poderoso que el anterior. Pero incluso entre ellos, los alfas están divididos, cada uno con sus propias ambiciones mortales. Sin embargo, todos tienen los ojos puestos en ella. Esperan que Violet se sume al juego, que siga la línea como los otros que adoran a sus pies, que se rompa bajo sus juegos. Pero Violet no es como los demás. Ella se niega a inclinarse. Ella los desafiará a todos.
Fantasía
771 Chs
Rebirth in the 80's: The Daily Life of the Villain's Mom

Rebirth in the 80's: The Daily Life of the Villain's Mom

Jiang Ran, a descendant of a family of traditional Chinese medicine, has developed new drugs and won numerous awards, but her greatest love is making and eating delicious food. After years of hard work, Jiang Ran finally won the national gourmet competition, but in her excitement, she entered a book, becoming the supporting character Jiang Ran, who divorces the male protagonist and ultimately dies tragically on the street. In the book, Jiang Ran is described as fat, with oily pimples and lazy, selfish habits. Before divorcing the male protagonist, she bullies his parents, siblings, and after the divorce, ends up homeless with her son. The newly transmigrated Jiang Ran: "......" Jiang Ran has transmigrated into a book. To avoid dying tragically on the streets, she focuses on making gourmet food, opening a restaurant, saving people diligently, and treating diseases. She pays off the debt owed to her husband’s family by the original character and raises her son, who in the book was to become a big villain, correctly. As for her husband? When he comes back, she plans to ask for a divorce! Pei Huai is about to graduate and plans to return home. But he discovers something strange in the letters his younger brothers and sisters have been sending recently. Brother: Sister-in-law’s cooking is so delicious! I like sister-in-law! Sister: The clothes sister-in-law made are so beautiful! I like sister-in-law! Pei Huai feels something is not right and decides to go home and take a look. As he steps into the house, he is greeted by a bright and charming face: "Husband, you’re back? Are you back to get a divorce?" Pei Huai remains expressionless: No, I am not! {Reading Guide: This text is set in an alternate world with creative liberties taken. The understanding of the '80s and '90s comes from online research, and I hope for your understanding.}
Urban
777 Chs

Reaction Phenomenon of Alcohol + Acetic Acid + Sulfuric Acid

The reaction phenomenon was that water was formed, the color of the reaction solution became darker, and the liquid in the test tube separated into layers. On the surface of the saturated solution of soda, there was a colorless, transparent, water-resistant, and fruit-flavored oily liquid. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-09-18 18:52

Reaction Formula and Phenomenon of Acetic Acid and Alcohol

If the reaction between the hydrogen radical (-OH) in gly colic acid and the hydrogen radical (-COOH) in the sulfuric acid occurs, the esterfication reaction will occur. The reaction equation is: gly colic acid + sulfuric acid → sulfuric acid + water. Esterification reactions required acidic conditions to promote the reaction. The reaction was an equilibrium reaction, and the degree of reaction depended on factors such as the concentration of the reagents, temperature, and reaction time. Usually, the presence of an acidic catalyst, such as sulfuric acid or lithium sulfuric acid, was required. If it was the reaction of the metal, the essence of the reaction was the replacement of the hydrogen in the starch group by the Na. The reaction equation was: 2CH3COCOON +2Na→ 2CH3COONa +H2. The phenomenon was that the Na floated on the surface of the liquid, melted into a small ball, and swam around, making a hissing sound. If it was the reaction of sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid, the reaction equation was: CH3COON + NaOx → CH3COONa +H2O, and there was no obvious reaction. If it was the reaction of sulfuric acid and carbon dioxide, the reaction equation was: 2CH3COON + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa +CO2 → +H2O, and the phenomenon was the formation of bubbles. If it was the reaction between sulfuric acid and hydrogen dioxide, the reaction equation was: CH3COON + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa +CO2 → +H2O, and the phenomenon was the formation of bubbles. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-09-19 03:18

What is the mechanism of the reaction between alcohol and acetic-acid?

The mechanism of the alcohol's chemical reaction was as follows: From a microscopic point of view, the O-H in the alcohol and the C-H on the carbon connected to the hydrogen group were broken, and a double bond was formed between the carbon atom and the oxygen atom, thereby causing the alcohol to be oxided. However, the reference materials did not mention the relevant content of the mechanism of the sulfuric acid's reaction, so it was impossible to accurately answer the overall meaning of the mechanism of the sulfuric acid's reaction. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-09-11 20:56

Can Alcohol React With Acetic Acid? Is It Toxic?

Alcohol and vinegar can react. The two reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid and heat to form ether and water. The chemical equation was: CH3COON (Acetic acid)+ C2H50H (Alcohol)== Reversible == CH3COOC2H5 (Acetic acid)+H2O. As for whether the reaction between the two was toxic or not, both of them had certain dangers, but the reaction of the two to produce the ester of ether was generally considered to be low in toxicity. Alcohol was a common organic solution and beverage ingredient. It was toxic to the human body at high concentration, for example, it could affect the nervous system. Acetic acid had a pungent smell and was corrosive to the skin and eyes. The resulting ether had a fruity fragrance and was mainly used in spices, food industry, etc. However, excessive contact or intake may also cause adverse effects on the human body, such as irritation of the respiratory tract, skin allergy, etc. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-09-10 10:15

Reaction Formula of Acetic Acid and Ester

The chemical equation for the reaction of sulfuric acid and alcohol to form ethvl was: CH COOx + C H Oh = CH COOx H + H O (The reaction condition was heating concentrated sulfuric acid, and the reaction was a irreversible reaction). <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-07-03 15:04

Reaction Formula of NaHCO3 and Acetic Acid

The chemical equation of the reaction between NaHCO3 and Acetic acid is: CH COOx + NaHCOOx == H ^O + COOx ^+ CH COONa. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-09-21 19:31

What is the reaction type of the fermentation reaction of carbolic acid?

Carbonic acid could not undergo a dehydration reaction, but only an ionisation reaction. Its ionisation equation was H <anno data-annotation-id ="0000008 - 4000 - 4000 - 8000 - 9000 - 90000000000"></anno></anno> COH + HCO (mainly based on the first step of ionisation). <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-08-28 00:47

Reaction of Poly (Viny Acetic Ester) with Alcohol

Poly (vinyi) acetate-alcohol can react with methanoi. This reaction is called alcoholization (or ester exchange reaction). Poly (vinyi) acetate-alcohol can be produced by alcoholization of methanoi to remove the carbolic acid. In the industry, because the reaction temperature of solution synthesis was easy to control and the number of branches of the solution was small, the resulting PVP solution could be directly alcoholized to prepare PVP. Poly (vinyi) acetate-ester was dissolved in the presence of the alcohol, but the reaction product, Poly (vinyi) alcohol, was not dissolved in the presence of the alcohol. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-07-04 02:46

What is the reaction type of the fermentation of the sulfuric acid?

The ionisation of the acid was a type of heat absorption reaction. There were many factors that could affect the dissolution of the acid, such as adding water to dilute it, adding a base, and heating it up. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-09-04 11:10

What is the reaction type of the fermentation of the sulfuric acid?

There were two types of reactions in the reaction of the fermentation of the sulfuric acid. One was the combustion reaction. The complete combustion of the phosphorus acid in oxygen produced carbon dioxide and water. This was a type of combustion reaction in the form of an oxidization reaction. Most organic matter could undergo this type of oxidization reaction. The other was that the functional groups were oxided. For example, when a long time in the air, a pinkish color would be formed from the oxidisation of the functional groups of the organic matter. In addition, alkene, alkyne, the homolog of the aromatic group, and so on, could be oxided by the acidic solution of KMn O2, causing it to fade; Aldenals could be oxided by bromic water, causing it to fade, and so could the acidic solution of sulfuric acid. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

1 answer
2026-09-23 07:20
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z