Junior high school biology questions and answers about glomeruli
1. ** What is the structure of the glomerulus? ** - The glomerulus was formed by dozens of capillaries that were twisted and coiled by the glomerular artery. The other end gathered to form the glomerular artery, which was surrounded by the glomerular sac. It was a part of the nephron, and the nephron was the basic unit that formed urine. 2. ** What is the role of glomeruli in the formation of urine? ** - In the process of urine formation, the glomeruli and the walls of the kidney capsule have a filtering effect. Other than blood cells and large molecules of protein, all the plasma components could be filtered and formed into urine in the kidney vesicle. 3. ** How to evaluate the glomerular filtering capacity? ** - Clinically, the glomerular filtering rate was commonly used to evaluate the filtering capacity of the glomeruli. The normal value was 90, and the lower the value, the worse the kidney function. Genders, age, weight, and so on all affect glomerular filtration rate. For example, if a man's blood biochemistry was also 200 and his weight was also 70 kilograms, his glomerular filtration rate would be 47 for a 30-year-old, 43 for a 40-year-old, 39 for a 50-year-old, 34 for a 60-year-old, and 29.9 for a 70-year-old. When the glomerular filtration rate was <30, it was severe kidney failure. However, it was more accurate to measure the glomerular filtering rate using the electron capture electron microscope. 4. ** What's with glomerulonepathy? ** - Glomerulonepathy was a common kidney disease caused by damage to the glomeruli due to various reasons. It was a common kidney disease that showed partial or complete symptoms such as hematuria, proteinuria, edema, high blood pressure, decreased urine output or anuria, and abnormal kidney function. The most commonly seen in clinical practice was chronic glomerulonepathy, which was based on edema, hematuria, proteinuria, and high blood pressure. The disease progressed slowly, and there might be varying degrees of kidney function damage. Some patients might eventually develop end-stage kidney failure. Read more exciting novels for free
Junior high school biology research questions and answers
Here are some questions and answers that might be involved in junior high school biology research: ** 1. Regarding nutrition ** 1. [Question: How do common meat dishes affect the development of brain intelligence?] - Answer: Different meat dishes contained different nutrients. For example, fish was rich in fatty acid, which was beneficial to the development and maintenance of brain cells and had a positive impact on the development of brain intelligence. Meat was rich in protein, iron, and other nutrients. The protein was the basic material that constituted the brain cells, and iron was an important raw material for the synthesis of hemoglobin. It ensured the oxygen supply of the brain and indirectly played a role in the development of the brain's intelligence. However, excessive consumption of meat dishes could lead to problems such as excessive fat intake, affecting health and possibly affecting brain function. 2. [Question: What is the relationship between nutrition and health for middle school students?] - ** Answer **: Middle school students are in a critical period of growth and development and need adequate nutrition. A reasonable intake of nutrients, such as sufficient calories to provide energy, protein to build body tissues, vitamins and minerals to maintain physiological functions, could ensure the normal development of the body, improve immunity, and enhance learning ability. If the nutrition is not balanced, there may be health problems such as leukemia (lack of iron, etc.), growth delay (lack of protein, etc.), and vision loss (lack of vitamins A, etc.). ** 2. About the environment and biology ** 1. [Question: How do common plants react to environmental changes?] - [Answer: Some plants are more sensitive to environmental changes.] For example, when the temperature rises, the growth cycle of some plants may be shortened, and the flowering and fruiting of some plants may be accelerated. In dry environments, plants will reduce water loss by closing their stomata, and their roots will grow deeper to find water. In terms of countermeasures, the environment could be improved by planting plants with strong adaptability to the environment. For example, plants that could absorb harmful gases could be planted in heavily polluted areas, and plants with developed roots could be planted in areas prone to soil erosion. 2. [Question: What are the effects of air pollution on crops?] - ** Answer **: Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and other gases in the air pollution may damage the leaf tissues of crops and affect photosynthesis. For example, after sulfur dioxide enters the leaves of plants, it will form sulfurous acid, destroy the photosynthesis, cause the leaves to lose their green color and turn yellow, and in serious cases, cause the leaves to die. In addition, air pollution could also affect the growth and development of crops, resulting in lower yield and quality. ** 3. Regarding physiological structure and function ** 1. [Question: Which layers of cells does oxygen pass through when it enters the blood?] - ** Answer **: It passed through the two layers of cells in the walls of the lungs and capillaries. 2. [Question: Which component in the blood will decrease after gas exchange?] - ** Answer **: Less carbon dioxide. 3. [Question: What kind of blood does the blood that flows through the capillaries around the lung become?] - [Answer: Arterial blood.] 4. [Question: Which substance does oxygen combine with after entering the blood?] - ** Answer **: Binding with hemogloblin. 5. [Question: What are the two parts of a gene?] - ** Answer **: It consists of two parts, DNA and protein. 6. [Question: What is the structure of DNA?] - ** Answer **: DNA has a double spiral structure. 7. [Question: How many genes are there in a strand of DNA?] - ** Answer **: There are many genes. 8. [Question: What does the gene control?] - ** Answer **: Genes control the traits of living things, but the traits of living things are also affected by the environment. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
2020 Junior High School Teaching Biology interview questions and answers
You can download the 15 sets of real questions and answers for the Teacher Qualification Examination Junior High School Biology (subject) on the Star Talent Network (<anno data-annotation-id ="0000004 - 4444 - 4000 - 8000 - 9000 - 80000000000"> Constellation Talent Network </anno>(<anno data-annotation-id ="3c0000000 - 4c64 - 4c00-a777777777766678"></anno>), which includes the real questions and answers for the Teacher Qualification Examination Junior High School Biology in the second half of 2020. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Junior high school biology research questions and answers detailed explanation
The following are some examples of questions and answers related to junior high school biology research: * * I. Research on the effects of alcoholism on the human body ** 1. [Question: How does alcohol affect the nervous system?] - Alcohol can seriously damage a person's nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, and the brain is composed of the cerebrum, cerebrum, and brainstem. When drinking too much, alcohol would poison the cerebrum, causing damage to the cerebrum's ability to maintain body balance and accurate coordination of movements, resulting in instability in walking. Alcohol would poison the language center of the cerebral hemisphere, causing speech to be unclear. It would poison the visual center, causing hallucinations. In severe cases, the entire nerve center would be poisoned, causing confusion, loss of consciousness, and lethargy. For example, when studying the effects of alcohol on the driver, there might be a loss of coordination and accuracy of hand and foot movements, which might be caused by alcohol anesthetizing the cerebrum. 2. [Question: How does alcohol affect the heart rate of the water fleas?] - * * Explanation of the answer **: Assuming that the alcohol concentration has an effect on the heart rate of the water fleas, the experimental variable is the alcohol concentration. In the experiment, as the volume fraction of alcohol increased, for example, when the volume fraction of alcohol was 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, the corresponding heart rate of the Daphnia was 24, 21, 17, and 0 (death) respectively, indicating that the heart rate of the Daphnia gradually decreased until death. This also meant that alcohol abuse would cause the central nervous system to be overly excited, causing alcoholism. Alcohol abuse in pregnant women could also cause fetal development disorder or low intelligence, and even cause fetal deformities. At the same time, in order to show the effect of alcohol, a control group with only water and no alcohol should be added to the experimental design. * * 2. Research on the biological effects of smoking ** 1. [Question: What is the effect of smoking on the health of mice?] - * * Explanation of the answer **: In the experiment to explore the effects of smoking on the health of mice, if the number of mice in each group is too small (such as only a few), the result is too accidental and not scientific and convincing. After the improvement, if the mice in Group A were normal, the mice in Group B would have bloodshot eyes, red and swollen eyes, abnormal activities, and finally spasm and shock after being exposed to smoking-related substances (simulated smoking environment, etc.). Through comparison, it could be concluded that smoking was harmful to health. 2. [Question: Which systems do the harmful substances produced by smoking harm?] - There are more than 40 kinds of cancer-causing substances in the smoke produced by smoking, as well as more than ten kinds of substances that promote the development of cancer. Among them, the most harmful ones are Nicotine, carbon dioxide, tar, and many other metal compounds. These toxic substances first entered the human body's respiratory system directly, causing respiratory diseases such as tracheitis, rheumatism, pneumonias, and lung cancer. Furthermore, not only did smoking endanger their own health, but it also seriously affected the health of others. It was more harmful to others than to themselves. * * 3. Exploration on the application of fermentation in biology ** 1. [Question: In the process of producing fuel alcohol from corn stalks, what kind of bacteria is needed to produce alcohol from sugar liquid?] - * * Explanation of the answer **: The fermentation of microorganisms plays an important role in food production and other aspects. In the general process of producing fuel alcohol from corn stalks, the bacteria needed for the stage from sugar liquid to alcohol is yeast. Yeast can decompose glucose to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen. * * 4. Exploration on visual formation ** 1. [Question: When the light from the red light enters the eyeball to form an image, what is the order in which the light enters the eyeball?] - * * Explanation of the answer **: The order in which light enters the eyeball is: corneas, pupil, crystalline lens, vitreal body, retina. The photosensory cells in the retina received the stimulation of the image and converted the image information into nerve impulses, which were then transmitted through the optical nerve to the visual center of the cerebral hemisphere to form vision. When a driver stopped at a red light, the cerebral hemisphere was involved in this process, which was a complex reflex. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Junior high school biology paper typical problem analysis questions and answers
The following are some typical questions and answers for junior high school biology papers: * * 1. Single choice question ** 1. * * The meaning of the body of the hydra being symmetrical ** - Answer: D (both). - [Analysis: Hydra's symmetrical body shape allows it to sense stimulation from all directions, capture prey from all directions, and defend against enemies from all directions.] This symmetrical way was compatible with its aquatic, fixed, or floating lifestyle. 2. * * Judgment on the difference between high and low animal groups ** - [Question: There are many animal groups, and there are high and low grades. The following statements are incorrect ()] - Answer: B. - [Analysis: Although the body of a thread-shaped animal is cylindrical, it cannot be determined that it is higher than a flat-shaped animal.] The bilateriality of flat-shaped animals was higher than that of coelenterate because the bilateriality made the body of animals have the division of front, back, left, right, back and abdomen, which was conducive to directional movement. Reptiles could fully adapt to land life, which was higher than amphibians. Mammals were better than birds in reproductive development because they were born and suckled. 3. * * The similarities between roundworms and pork taenias in adapting to parasitic life ** - Answer: B. - Analysis: Ascaris lumbricus and pork taeniasis are parasites. The similarity between them and parasitic life is that they have developed reproductive organs, which is conducive to their reproduction in the host's body. They did not need developed digestive organs because they could obtain nutrients from their hosts. The roundworm had a stratum corneum on its body surface, but the pork taeniasis did not. Symmetries on both sides of the body were not unique to their parasitic life. 4. * * The relationship between the cell structure of roundworms and their living environment ** - Question: The roundworm lives in the human digestive tract and does not get oxygen for a long time, so which structure in its cells may disappear () - Answer: C. - "Analysis: The mitochondria is the main place for oxygen breathing. The roundworm lives in an anoxia-deficient environment and carries out anoxia-free breathing, so the mitochondria may degenerate and disappear. The cell membrane was the boundary structure of the cell, the nucleus was the control center of the cell, and the plasma was the main place for the cell to carry out metabolism. They would not disappear due to lack of oxygen. 5. * * Muscle movement when the locust jumps ** - [Question: When the locust jumps, its hind feet change from bending to stretching. The following related statements are wrong ()] - Answer: B. - [Analysis: When the locust jumps, muscle A relaxes and muscle B contracts, causing the hind feet to turn from a bent state to an extended state.] The inner muscles of the hind feet were attached to the inner side of the exoskeleton. The locust's chest had three pairs of feet, and the body and feet were divided into sections. The muscles provided power for the locust's jumping. 6. * * Common characteristics of mussels, snails and cuttlefish ** - Answer: C. - [Analysis: Mussels, snails, and cuttlefish all have a common feature: they all have a mantle.] Mussels had shells, snails had shells, and cuttlefish's shells had degenerated. Snails moved with their stomachs, mussels moved with their axes, cuttlefish moved with their wrists and used them to hunt for food, and mussels breathed with their gills and relied on water pipes and water pipes to obtain food. 7. * * The relationship between animal groups and their characteristics and the map (The map is not shown, so the specific options cannot be analyzed in detail, but the idea is as follows)** - Answer: It depends on the specific choice. - "Analysis: Based on the characteristics of various animals, such as the characteristics of coelenterate, flat-shaped animals, and thread-shaped animals, the animal groups described in the options and their characteristics should be compared to the actual situation, including the characteristics of body structure, lifestyle, physiological functions, and so on. 8. * * Description and judgment of animal structure and function ** - Question: The structure of an animal is always compatible with its function. - Answer: B. - [Analysis: The lizard's body is covered with horny scales, which can prevent the water in its body from evaporating. Lizards use their lungs to breathe. Their skin is dry and does not assist in breathing.] The roundworm's body surface was wrapped in a cuticle for protection; the locust's body surface had a tough exoskeleton that could prevent the water in the body from evaporating; the fish's body surface was covered with scales, and the surface of the scales had slippery mucus to protect the body. 9. * * Escape (Chameleon)'s characteristic description and judgment ** - [Question: Which of the following descriptions about avoiding servitude is correct?] - Answer: B. - Analysis: The body color of the evildoer can change with the environment, which is a protective color; the evildoer has developed lungs and strong gas exchange ability, which is conducive to its breathing in land life; the reproductive development of the evildoer completely gets rid of the dependence on the water environment; the fertilized egg of the evildoer does not need to absorb water and oxygen from the outside world when hatching. 10. * * Description and judgment of animal structure and living environment ** - Question: The following statements about animals adapting to their living environment are incorrect () - Answer: B. - "Analysis: Male frogs have a vocal sac. The vocal sac is the vocal organ of male frogs. It has nothing to do with adapting to life in water or on land. It mainly attracts female frogs during the breeding season. Fish used gills to breathe to adapt to life in the water, pigeons 'forelimbs turned into wings to adapt to flying life, and lizards had horny scales to adapt to life on land. 11. * * The corresponding judgment of animals and their gas exchange sites ** - Answer: C. - Analysis: Paramecium carries out gas exchange through the membrane; earthworms carry out gas exchange through the body wall; snails carry out gas exchange through the mantle; river mussels carry out gas exchange through gills; locusts carry out gas exchange through the trachea, not the lungs; seahorses carry out gas exchange through gills; frogs carry out gas exchange through the lungs and skin; pigeons carry out gas exchange through the lungs, and the air sacs assist in breathing but do not carry out gas exchange. 12. * * Judgment of the relationship between the characteristics of different creatures (The specific circle map of the creatures represented by P, Q, E, and F is not given. It is impossible to analyze the specific choices in detail, but the idea is as follows)** - Answer: It depends on the specific choice. - "Analysis: Based on the characteristics of the organisms involved, such as the way of reproduction of mammoths, the way of reproduction of many animals, the way of obtaining nutrition by heterotrophy, and the characteristics of land animals that can prevent water loss and adapt to land life, the accuracy of the contents of P, Q, E, and F in each option should be judged. 13. * * Gas exchange of birds in flight ** - Question: The following descriptions of birds and mammals are wrong: - Answer: A. - [Analysis: When birds fly, only the lungs can exchange gases. The air sacs play a role in assisting breathing and cannot exchange gases.] Birds 'bones were light, thin, and strong, and their chest muscles were well-developed. * * 2. Non-multiple choice questions (Since the specific content of the questions is not given, the following is an analysis of common test points)** 1. * * Cell structure is related to function ** - For example, if one were to examine the structure of a cell, one might ask about the functions of the cell's structure, such as the plasma, nucleus, and cell membrane. - Answer: The cell membrane has the function of controlling the entry and exit of substances into the cell; the nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains genetic material; the plasma is the main place for the cell to carry out metabolism, and the organelle, such as the mitochondria, is the main place for oxygen breathing (the plastids in plant cells are the places for photosynthesis, etc.). 2. * * The classification basis and characteristics of animals and plants ** - For example, comparing the difference between a vertebra and an insect. - Answer: Vertebrate animals have a spine made of vertebrae, but there is no spine in the body of an animal with no backbone. Vertebrate animals included fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, each of which had different characteristics, such as fish breathing with gills and swimming with fins; young amphibians breathing with gills, adults breathing with lungs and skin, etc.; Invertebrae included coelenterate, platyphores, threadworms, annelids, mollusks, arthropods, etc. The body of coelenterate was symmetrical, with a mouth but no anus; the body of platyphores was symmetrical on both sides, with a mouth but no anus, etc. 3. * * The relationship between living things and the environment ** - For example, how the structure of an animal adapted to its living environment. - Answer: For example, animals in the desert, camels have humps to store fat, wide soles to prevent sinking, long eyelashes to prevent sand and wind, etc. Fish that live in the water have streamlined bodies to reduce resistance, and they use gills to breathe to obtain oxygen in the water. 4. * * Biological reproduction and development ** - For example, comparing the reproductive and development characteristics of insects, amphibians, birds, and mammals. - Answer: Insects are egg-laying and have metamorphosis (complete metamorphosis is like butterflies going through four stages of egg, larva, pupa and adult, and incomplete metamorphosis is like locusts going through three stages of egg, larva and adult); frogs are egg-laying, in addition to external fertilisation and metamorphosis; birds are egg-laying, internal fertilisation, hatching and brooding; mammals are live-laying, breast-feeding, and internal fertilisation. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The answers to the biology analysis questions of the third year of high school in 2023 and the answers
The following are some of the answers and analysis of the biology test questions of the first mock exam of the third year of high school in 2023 in Shandong Province: 1. Single choice questions 1. Answer: B. - Analysis: During the synthesis of cell membrane shaping protein, the location is provided by the Ribosome, and the power is provided by the mitochondria.(The main energy supplier in the cell, the plastids are mainly found in plant cells and are mainly related to photosynthesis, not involved here), A is wrong; the "molecular garbage bag" is a vesicle, mainly composed of lysomes and protein, B is correct; the "recycling factory" may be a lysoma, and the "component" may be an amine acid.(Because it is a product of protein decomposition, not a primer), C error; The organelle that can form vesicles in human cells includes the plasmatic reticule and the Golgi apparatus, but the centric body cannot form vesicles, D error. 2. Answer: A. - Analysis: The V-disorderly transport of H+ from the cellular matrix into the vesicle was a process that consumed ATP. It was an active transport, not an auxiliary spread. A was wrong. Inhibition of the activity of Cys transporter on the tonoelle would affect the process illustrated in the diagram, resulting in abnormal function of the mitochondria. B was correct. Cys entered the vesicle against the concentration slope by using the potential energy of H+. It was an active transport. C was correct. The process illustrated in the diagram indicated that there was a connection between the vesicle and the mitochondria. There was both division of labor and cooperation. D was correct. 3. Answer: D. - Analysis: The cells in the root meristematic zone of onions had no fat, so orange granules could not be observed with Sultan III staining. A was wrong; The cells in the root meristematic zone of onions became square and tightly arranged after being dissociated, rinsed, stained, and made into slices. B was wrong; The widest color of the green tube-shaped leaf on the filter paper was the cyanophile a (blue-green), C was wrong; The color of the purple onion scale leaf was cyanophile, which could not be extracted with absolute alcohol (absolute alcohol was used to extract the color in the plastids). D was correct. 4. (As the question did not give all the questions about this question, the answer and analysis could not be given accurately.) 2. Multiple-choice questions (As the questions did not give all the questions in this part, all the answers and analysis could not be given accurately) Third, non-multiple choice questions 21. - (1) Answer: Light intensity and CO2 concentration;Gs. - Analysis: According to the experimental content, the influencing factors are light intensity and CO2 concentration, and Gs is the relevant measurement index. - (2) Answer: Shade. Compared with natural light, the stomatal conductivity of leaves under shade increased slowly, and the Ci value decreased very little in the initial stage after light. - [Analysis: Obtain the relevant characteristics under the shade condition from the comparison of experimental data.] - (3) Answer: [H] and ATP-produced by light reaction increased, and dark reaction strengthened, but stomatal conductivity was lower, and intercellular CO2 concentration decreased. As stomatal conductivity increased, intercellular CO2 concentration gradually increased. - Analysis: This phenomenon was explained by the relationship between light and dark reactions and the effect of stomatal conductivity on intercellular CO2 concentration. 22. - (1) Answer: Genetic mutation; a trait can be affected by multiple genes. - [Analysis: Genetic changes may be caused by genetic mutation. From the content of the question, it can be analyzed that one trait is related to multiple genes.] - (2) Answer: 3. - (The analysis needs to be based on the complete information related to the genes and traits of the fruit fly. Due to partial missing, it is impossible to give details.) - (3) Answer: In mutant 1, choose the double-balanced lethal line fruit fly to cross with the wild type non-lethal line fruit fly, and let the male and female fruit flies in F1 mate freely. If F2 wild type: mutant = 6:1, then the mutant gene is located on the 2nd; if F2 wild type: mutant =3:1, then the mutant gene is located on other genes. - [Analysis: Through crossbreeding experiments, according to the inheritance law of the genes on different microorganisms, the corresponding proportion of offspring is obtained to determine the genetics of the genes.] - (4) Answer: 4, 2/3. - (The analysis needs to be based on the complete information related to the genes and traits of the fruit fly. Due to partial missing, it is impossible to give details.) 23. - (1) Answer: Assist in spreading;Na+ channel is open, Na+ flows in; cerebral hemisphere; efferent nerve endings and the diaphragm and abdominal muscles they inhabit. - [Analysis: According to the characteristics of the material transport method, it is determined to assist in the spread. The nerve center of the vomiting reflex is in the cerebral hemisphere, and the relevant muscles are indominated by the efferent nerve endings.] - (2) Answer: Choose healthy mice with the same physiological state and divide them into two groups, A and B. Group A used chemical genetics to specifically suppress M neurons, while Group B was used as a control. Stimulate the two groups of mice with toxins and observe the vomiting behavior of the mice. Inhibition of Ca2 + channel activity, reduction of Ca2 + influx, inhibition of the expression of the Tachkinin gene in the M-type neurons. - Analysis: Investigate the role of M neurons in vomiting behavior by setting up a control experiment. From the perspective of affecting the physiological process of the neurons, propose measures to suppress the relevant channels and gene expression. 24. - (1) Answer: Species composition; dominant species in the community. - [Analysis: This is a concept related to community. Species composition and dominant species are important aspects of community research.] - (2) Answer: Yunnan pine forest. The survival rate and mortality rate of Pseudotacia glazei in the Yunnan pine forest community reached a balance at a lower age class. - [Analysis: According to the relevant data of Yunnan pine forest in the map, the survival characteristics of Lancang yellow cedar can be obtained.] - (3) Answer: No. The data above does not show the proportion of individuals of different ages in the population. - [Analysis: According to the knowledge of the age structure of the population, the data in the picture cannot reflect the age structure.] - (4) Answer: The young individuals of the population of Pseudotacia glazei in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 compete more fiercely with other species for survival resources and space. - [Analysis: Obtain the competition status of young individuals from the comparison of the data in the map.] 25. - (1) Answer: Denature the protein and separate it from the DNA; separate the DNA from the protein. - [Analysis: In related experimental operations, the purpose of this operation is to deal with the relationship between protein and DNA.] - (2) Answer: B. The primer is too short and has a weak specialty. The two primer will complement each other. - Analysis: Explain the reason for choosing B according to the characteristics of the primer and the requirements in the experiment. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
Junior high school biology questions must be memorized
The following are some of the must-memorize content that might be involved in the junior high school biology questions: - In terms of biological structure, cells were the basic units of biological structure and function. The structure of an animal was cell → tissue → organ → system → animal, while the structure of a plant was cell → tissue → organ → plant. - Biological and environmental parts: The composition of the ecosystem includes biological parts (producers, consumers, decomposing) and non-biological parts (sunlight, air, water, etc.). The substances and energy in the ecosystem flow along the food chain and food web, and the energy transfer is one-way and diminishing. - Green plants in the biosphere: the reaction formula, essence (synthesizing organic matter, storing energy), significance (providing food and oxygen for themselves and other organisms); the reaction formula, essence (decomposing organic matter, releasing energy) of the respiratory process and its importance in plant life activities. - Human Physiology: The nutrients of the human body (such as sugar, fat, protein, vitamins, water, and mineral salt); the composition of the digestive system and the functions of various organs; the digestion and absorption process of food; the composition of the respiratory system and the gas exchange process.(including the gas exchange in the lungs and tissues); the composition of the blood circulation system (heart structure, blood vessel type and function, blood composition and function); the blood circulation pathway (body circulation and lung circulation); the composition of the urine system and the process of urine formation (glomerular filtering and glomerular reabsorption). - Biological inheritance and variation: genes control biological traits, the law of gene transmission between parents and offspring (such as trait separation ratio), concepts such as relative traits, dominant genes, latent genes, dominant traits, latent traits, etc.; types of biological variation (heritable variation and non-heritable variation) and their reasons. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
High school biology elective one exercise questions and answers
The following are some of the PEP edition high school biology elective one exercise questions and answers: - When making fruit wine, fruit vinegar, pickled vegetables, and fermented bean curd, the metabolism types of microorganisms used were facultative-anaerobic, aerobic, anaerobic, and aerobic. - The following experiment on DNA extraction and identification: - Yeast, cauliflower, and pig red blood cells could all be used to extract DNA. - DNA was easily dissolved in a solution of NaCl3, but not in an alcohol solution. - A solution containing a large amount of DNA could be obtained by adding an appropriate amount of distilled water to the chopped plant tissue. - After dissolving the extracted silk-like substance, it turned blue in the water bath after adding the diphenylethanamine reagent. - Description of practical applications of biotechnology: - Immobilized immobilized immobilized - Beef extract peptone medium was a commonly used basic culture medium for bacteria, which could be sterilized by high-pressure steam sterilization. - At the same pH. The washing effect of the washing powder with an enzyme was better than that of ordinary washing powder. - By adding cooled 95% alcohol to the chicken blood cells, one could obtain impurity-free DNA. - Regarding the production of fruit wine, vinegar, and fermented bean curd: - Fruits with high sugar content can be used to make fruit wine. - The fermented fruit vinegar was an airborne one. - When making fermented bean curd, it was necessary to prevent the growth of other microorganisms other than the fungus. - They were all final products that were obtained through the use of microorganisms. - Pectinase could catalyze pectins, making it easier to extract juice and increasing the juice yield of fruits. In order to investigate the effect of temperature on pectinase activity, a student added the same amount of pectinase into the same amount of apple puree at different temperatures. After the reaction time was the same, the reaction liquid was filtered for the same time. The volume of apple juice filtered out was measured with a measuring cylinder. (The specific curve that reflects the experimental results is not given here.) - The process of two types of protein with different relative molecular masses moving through the gel column (specific options are not given here). - The objective and result analysis of the immobilized yeast cell experiment: - The dry yeast cells were in a dormant state and needed to be activated in distilled water. - The preparation of the solution of alginic acid required a small fire or intermittent heating to prevent the alginic acid from being burnt. - If the concentration of the seaweed was too low, the gel beads would be white, and the number of fixed cells would be too small. - The length of time that the gel beads were soaked in CaCl2 solution affected the fermentation effect. - In the process of making fruit wine and fruit vinegar: - The grape juice could not be filled to the brim of the fermentation flask. There had to be some space left, or else the fermentation liquid would overflow. - During the wine fermentation process, there was no need to open the bottle cap to deflate in the early stage. If a large amount of gas was produced in the later stage, the bottle cap could be opened appropriately to deflate. - The temperature of the fruit wine fermentation process was controlled at 18 - 25°C, and the temperature of the fruit vinegar fermentation process was controlled at 30 - 35°C. - In the process of fruit vinegar fermentation, it was necessary to inflate the air through the inflating port in time to facilitate the metabolism of the vinegar bacteria. - Galactoside was not part of the cellulase component. The cellulase component included C-, C-, and beta-glucose. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
High school biology common error-prone questions and answers
There were seven types of error-prone questions in high school biology: 1. ** Concept error **: For example, an inaccurate understanding of biological concepts. 2. ** Comprehension error **: There is a deviation in the understanding of biological knowledge. 3. [Judgement error: A mistake in judging a biological phenomenon or principle.] 4. [Spatial position error: For example, misjudgment of the spatial position of the cell structure and organs in the body.] 5. ** Mistakes in experimental methods **: For example, the experimental design was unreasonable, the experimental steps were wrong, and the analysis of the experimental results was inaccurate. 6. ** Words, writing errors **: Mistakes in writing biological terms, inaccurate expressions, etc. when answering questions. 7. ** Question review error **: You did not accurately understand the requirements of the question and answered incorrectly. However, because there was no detailed information on the specific question types and answers, it was impossible to provide examples of answers for each error-prone question type. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
High school biology common error-prone questions and answers
Here are some common questions and answers to them: ** 1. Physical basis of cells ** - Error-prone problem: Believes that all sugar is an energy source. - Answer: Wrong. Not all sugar was an energy substance. For example, Ribose and Deoxy Ribose were the components of DNA, and Cellulose was a component of plant cell walls. They could not be used as energy substances to supply energy to cells. - Error-prone question: Believing that macro elements are important in the body and micro elements are not. - Answer: Wrong. Although there were many large amounts of elements in the body, trace elements also played an irreplaceable role in the body. For example, iron was an important component of hemoglobin. A lack of iron would lead to iron-deficiency leukemia. ** 2. In terms of the protein and the protein ** - Error-prone problem: Believing that the protein only works inside the cell. - Answer: Wrong. The digestive system could be activated in the digestive tract. - Error-prone problem: It is believed that the relationship between the activity of the protein and temperature and pH. - Answer: Wrong. The relationship between the activity of the protein, temperature, and pH. The activity of the protein was the highest at the optimal temperature and pH. The activity of the protein would decrease when it was lower or higher than this value. However, the high temperature and the overly acidic or overly basic pH. ** 3. Photosynthesis and cell breathing ** - Wrong question: Think that plants only photosynthesize when there is light. - Answer: Wrong. Plants carried out photosynthesis and respiration at the same time when there was light, but the oxygen and organic matter produced by photosynthesis might be more than the oxygen and organic matter consumed by respiration. The overall performance was the release of oxygen and the accumulation of organic matter. - Wrong question: Think that only the mitochondria are the places of oxygen. - Answer: Wrong. The first stage of oxygen breathing was carried out in the cellular matrix. The glucose was broken down into gly ruvate and a small amount of [H], releasing a small amount of energy. The second stage was carried out in the mitochondria matrix. The reaction of gly ruvate and water produced carbon dioxide and a large amount of [H], releasing a small amount of energy. The third stage was carried out on the inner membrane of the mitochondria.[H] combined with oxygen to produce water, releasing a large amount of energy. ** 4. Meiosis and fertilisation ** - Error-prone problem: think that the same type of DNA only exists during the process of Meiosis. - Answer: Wrong. Homoeotic embryos also existed in the body cells. During the process of Meiosis, the homological embryos underwent special behaviors such as association and separation. - Wrong question: Think that fertilisation is just a simple combination of sperm and egg. - Answer: Wrong. During the process of fertilisation, the head of the sperm entered the egg cell while the tail remained outside. At the same time, the nucleus of the sperm fused with the nucleus of the egg cell. Half of the embryos in the fertilized egg came from the father and the other half came from the mother. In addition, almost all the genetic material in the fertilized egg came from the mother. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
2022 Guangdong junior high school geography and biology test paper answers and answers
Biology answer for the 2022 Guangdong Province School Entrance Examination: First, multiple-choice questions 1. Fish will die soon after leaving the water. The reason is B. They can't breathe. 2. The following are mollusks (incomplete answers). As the reference materials did not give all the answers to the 2022 Guangdong junior high school geography and biology test paper, only part of the answer information could be provided. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>