How to write the survey plan about the consumption situation of college students
The following are the main points of writing a survey plan on the consumption situation of college students: ** 1. Investigation Purpose ** Explain why a survey on college students 'consumption situation is needed. For example, with the development of society and the improvement of economic level, the consumption level of college students gradually increases, but there are some problems in consumption concepts and behaviors, such as blindly pursuing fashion, luxury goods or excessive consumption. To carry out a survey to deeply understand the consumption situation, concepts and behaviors of college students. ** 2. Investigation content ** 1. ** Source of income ** - This included the proportion of family supplies, bursaries, scholarship, part-time income, and other sources. 2. ** In terms of consumption level ** - Average monthly living expenses. - The extent of living expenses (overspending or overspending). - Various consumption expenses, such as food, clothing, communication (phone bills, internet fees, etc.), school supplies, entertainment (tourism, KTV, etc.), special circumstances, etc. 3. ** Consumption Concept ** - Their views on living expenses, such as whether they paid attention to brands, whether they pursued cost-effectiveness, and so on. - How to view the relationship between consumption and savings. 4. ** Consumption behavior ** - Consumption methods, such as cash, electronic payment, etc. - The deciding factor of the expenditure was personal preference, advertising influence, or other factors. - Ability to control expenses, whether there is a budget plan, etc. ** 3. Investigation Method ** 1. ** Inquiry ** - The content of the survey was designed to cover all kinds of questions related to the above survey content, including multiple choice questions, fill in the blanks questions, and many other questions. - Decide on how to distribute the survey, either face-to-face (such as randomly distributed at different locations on campus) or online (using school forums, social media groups, etc.). - To determine the number of samples, it was necessary to ensure that the sample was representative. It could be drawn according to a certain proportion of the total number of students in the school. 2. ** Interviews and Research ** - Individual interviews were conducted with typical college students, such as students of different majors, grades, and consumption levels. - Prepare an interview outline. The questions should be in-depth and focus on the investigation content, such as asking them about the decision-making process in specific consumption scenarios. 3. ** Data Analysis ** - The data collected from the survey was entered and sorted out, and the invalid survey was eliminated. - Use statistics software (such as SPSS) to analyze the data, including calculating the average, percentage, etc., and produce corresponding data charts (such as bar charts, pie charts, etc.) to directly display the survey results. ** 4. Selection of subjects and samples ** 1. ** Investigative Target ** - He was clearly a university student. 2. ** Selection of samples ** - Stratified samplings could be used. For example, universities in different locations and at different levels (such as key universities and ordinary universities) could be selected as sample points. - A number of classes were randomly selected from each university for investigation. They could also be divided according to grade, major, etc. to ensure the sample's variety and representation. ** 5. Investigation Plan and Arrange ** 1. ** Investigation preparation ** - The purpose, content, and methods of the investigation were determined as described above. - Design a suitable survey, conduct a small-scale test, and modify the survey based on feedback to ensure feasibility and effectiveness. - Choose and train the investigators, familiarize them with the process of the survey, the meaning of the questions, and interview techniques. 2. ** Investigation Execution ** - Contact the person in charge of the relevant university, explain the purpose and significance of the investigation, and seek their support and cooperation, such as obtaining permission to enter the campus to distribute the survey and conduct interviews. - According to the predetermined method, the survey was distributed and collected, and interviews were conducted at the same time. 3. ** Data Collate and Analysis ** - He entered the data from the returned answers and checked the accuracy and completeness of the data. - Carry out data analysis, such as narrative statistics analysis, association analysis, etc., and make data charts and reports based on the analysis results. 4. ** Report and Analysis of Investigation Results ** - According to the results of the investigation, write an investigation report, including the introduction, investigation methods, investigation results, analysis and discussion, conclusions and suggestions. - Submit the investigation report to the relevant departments (such as the school's student management department, research institutions, etc.), and give feedback to the results of the investigation. 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A survey report on the current consumption situation of college students
As a special group of social consumption, college students 'consumption situation was worth paying attention to. ** 1. Consumption characteristics ** 1. ** Complicated consumption concept, emotional consumption is dominant ** - College students had poor economic independence and little independent consumption experience, so they could not measure the value and cost of consumption well. Their consumption concept is unstable, their self-control is not strong, and many of their consumption is influenced by media propaganda or classmates, which is random and impulsive. For example, in terms of mobile phone consumption, some students, regardless of whether their family's economic conditions allowed it or not, blindly bought it due to the demonstration effect and the psychological influence of comparison. There was a situation of "forward" consumption or even "luxury" consumption. 2. ** High brand loyalty ** - If college students had a good experience with a certain brand product, they would insist on using it and form a fixed preference and usage habit. For example, if one felt that the shampoo was fragrant, good quality, and effective, they would continue to use the brand. 3. ** Diverse consumption tendency ** - In the era of rich material and spiritual life, college students were no longer satisfied with the monotonous life. Entertainment, sports, mobile phones, computers, and new IT products had become the hot spots of consumption. If the economic conditions allowed, they were eager to go out of school, integrate into society, travel, spend in karaoke bars, or buy computers, mobile phones, mp3s, etc. Their consumption showed a trend of specialization. ** 2. Consumption structure and level ** 1. ** Source of living expenses ** - Most of the students 'main source of income was their parents, accounting for about 75%, but their sources also tended to be diverse. 13% relied on loans, 8% received scholarship, 9% worked to subsidize expenses, and 1% needed to reduce tuition fees. If the "bulk" of tuition and accommodation fees were added, the proportion of students coming from their parents would be even higher. College students basically appeared on the social stage as pure consumers. 2. ** Consumption direction ** - Living expenses were mainly used for food, clothing, housing, and transportation, while mobile phones had become the main consumer goods. For example, in the University of Yan Tai, the higher the grade, the higher the penetration rate of mobile phones. The senior students bought mobile phones for the convenience of finding a job, and the mobile phones in the price range of 1000 - 1800 yuan were the most popular. In terms of usage functions, the short message function was the most used. The consumption structure of college students was similar to that of a cone. Students from rich families were at the top, with computers, branded mobile phones and other valuables; students from poor families were at the bottom, needing to work part-time or take loans to maintain their lives; other students were in the middle, with a middle standard of living. ** 3. Consumption psychology and behavior ** 1. ** Complicated consumer psychology ** - College students 'consumption psychology was influenced by many factors, including family background, social circles, and personal preferences. Students with different family backgrounds had different spending power and tendencies. The social circle would affect their consumption choices. For example, the comparison between classmates might promote certain consumption, and personal preferences were reflected in the choice of brands and styles. 2. ** Consumption behavior is diverse ** - In the category of consumer goods, it covered clothing, food, housing, transportation, as well as all kinds of entertainment and study-related goods. There were many factors to consider when choosing goods, such as brand, reputation, price, appearance, etc. The purchase methods and channels were also different. In terms of consumer attitudes, some tend to be thrifty, some pursue fashion, and some pay attention to quality. These different attitudes are also reflected in their consumer behavior. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
A survey of college students 'daily consumption
College students are a special consumer group. To understand their consumption situation, various surveys have been carried out. In general, factors such as family income, living environment, and age are closely related to college students' daily living expenses. Some surveys show that in terms of family income, a certain proportion of students come from families with different income levels. For example, a portion of students' families have a monthly income below 1000 yuan, a large part are in the range of 1000 - 4000 yuan, and others are in higher - income brackets. Regarding the main items of living expenses, the largest proportion is often spent on food. In addition to food, expenses also include clothing, entertainment, study supplies, and daily - use chemicals. However, different grades may have some differences in the main expenditure items. For instance, freshman students may have a higher proportion of expenditure on clothing compared to other grades. In terms of reading - related consumption, different reading frequencies and time spent on reading extracurricular books also reflect their consumption habits. Some students read every day, while others read very little. And the types of books they like to read are diverse, including novels, comprehensive books, entertainment - related books, and practical books. The proportion of reading paper books and e - books also varies among students. When it comes to the cost of living in different places, such as in New York City, some college students may spend over two thousand dollars a month, including groceries, eating out, going out, and transportation. In conclusion, college students' consumption is affected by multiple factors, and understanding their consumption situation can help schools, families, and society better guide them to form correct consumption concepts. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
The purpose of the survey on the consumption of college students
The purpose of the survey on the consumption of college students mainly included the following aspects: 1. Understand the main consumer goods and consumption level of college students, and make clear the expenditure of college students on different consumption items and their overall spending power. 2. Master the consumption habits and preferences of college students, such as whether they prefer to spend online or offline, and their preferences for different brands and styles. 3. To explore the consumer psychology and attitudes of college students, to understand their considerations, values, and overall attitude towards consumption. 4. It could provide reference for the sellers and manufacturers of related products. For example, mobile phone sellers and manufacturers could adjust the direction of product development or marketing methods by understanding the consumption situation of college students. 5. Help college students make good financial planning, and guide them to establish correct consumption concepts and develop good consumption habits when their consumption concepts are ahead of schedule or lack of plans. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
How to write a survey report on college students 'consumption views
College students 'consumption view survey template
The following is a sample of a survey on college students 'consumption views: ** I. Title ** A survey of college students 'consumption views ** 2. Introduction ** The background and purpose of the survey on college students 'consumption views are briefly described. For example, with the development of social economy, college students are a special consumer group, and their consumption views have an important impact on personal development and social consumption trends. The purpose of this survey is to deeply understand the current situation and influencing factors of college students' consumption views. ** 3. Main content of the investigation ** #(I) Personal Information 1. Year (First, Second, Third, Fourth, Postgraduate, etc.) 2. gender 3. major #(II) Sources of Consumption and Assignment 1. Source of Consumption - The proportion provided by the family - proportion of part-time income - Scholarships and bursaries - proportion of other sources (such as loans) 2. consumption distribution - Food expenses (approximate amount per month, proportion of total consumption, whether to pay attention to nutrition, etc.) - Lodging fees (if there are special circumstances, such as off-campus rental fees) - Study materials and supplies (books, stationery, computer equipment, etc.) - Entertainment expenses (such as meals, KTV, movies, travel, etc.) - Clothing and accessories (frequency of purchase, brand preference, etc.) - Transportation (bus, taxi, etc.) - Love expenses (whether you are in a relationship, the approximate amount of monthly love expenses, expenditure items, etc.) - Other expenses (such as attending training courses, hobbies, etc.) #(3) Consumption attitude 1. Saving Concept - Do you have a savings plan? - the usual financial situation at the end of the term 2. The degree of emphasis on different consumption items - When purchasing goods or services, pay more attention to price, quality, brand, effect, recommendation, and other factors. - The degree of pursuit of fashion and famous brands (whether you are willing to sacrifice other expenses for famous brands, etc.) - How to view the relationship between consumption level and status 3. Consumption rationality - Do you have a spending plan and strictly implement it? - How to deal with the temptation of consumption (such as whether you can restrain impulse spending, etc.) - The views and usage of overspending (such as payment by installments, loan spending, etc.) #(IV) Consumption Patterns 1. consumption custom - Main consumption places (school supermarket, commercial street, online platform, etc.) - Decision-making methods (independent decision-making, reference to others 'opinions, etc.) - What is the reason for the preference for online consumption or offline consumption? 2. mode of payment - Usage ratio of cash, bank card, and electronic payment (such as Weixin Pay, AliPay, etc.) - Whether or not you have used credit (such as credit card, flower shop, etc.), as well as the frequency and purpose of use. ** 4. Investigation Method ** 1. "Investigation: A reasonably designed survey, including multiple choice questions, short answer questions, and other questions, to obtain both quantitative and qualitative data. 2. Interviews: conduct in-depth interviews with some representative college students to understand the deep-seated reasons and special circumstances behind their consumption. ** 5. Data analysis and results presentation ** 1. The collected data would be analyzed, such as calculating the average value and proportion of various expenses. 2. Through charts (such as bar charts, pie charts, etc.), the differences in consumption sources, distribution, attitudes, and methods of different age groups and genders were directly displayed. ** 6. Remarks and suggestions ** 1. According to the data analysis, the overall characteristics of college students 'consumption views were obtained, such as whether there was an unreasonable consumption structure and the phenomenon of comparison. 2. It analyzed the factors that influenced the formation of college students 'consumption views, such as family background, social environment, school education, etc. 3. To put forward reasonable suggestions for the consumption problems of college students, such as strengthening financial education and guiding rational consumption. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
A survey report on the consumption of college students, 600 words
As a special consumer group, college students 'consumption situation was paid close attention to. In terms of consumption levels, different regions and survey results varied. For example, nearly 70% of the students in the universities in Shen Yang spent 1000 - 2000 yuan a month. Some investigations also showed that the average monthly living expenses of most students were 500 - 1300 yuan. From the perspective of consumption structure, food and beverage consumption usually accounted for a large proportion. The monthly food expenses of college students in Shenyang varied in different areas, such as 56.77% of the total food expenses between 500 - 1000 yuan. In other aspects, school supplies, daily necessities, communications, entertainment, clothing, social activities, love, tourism, beauty and skin care were also common items. In terms of the source of living expenses, the family was the dominant one. More than 70% of the living expenses of the university students came from the family. In other investigations, 88% of the university students chose their parents as the source of living expenses. However, as the grade increased, the sources tended to be more diverse. For example, some students used part-time jobs, scholarship and other subsidies to spend. In terms of consumption patterns, online consumption, consumption in large supermarkets or department stores, consumption in specialty stores or brand stores, and consumption in small shops were all involved. In the Internet age, online shopping became an important consumption pattern. For example, online shopping accounted for 18.73% of the college students 'online shopping platform, and online takeout also became an important part of the college students' food and beverage. In terms of financial management and consumer psychology, most college students lacked the habit of keeping accounts and spending money relatively casually. However, when they spent money, they considered the cost-performance ratio. Their consumption also tended to be rational and they would spend when there was a real need. At the same time, some college students used online lending products, but their awareness of consumer rights protection had increased. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
A survey report on the consumption of college students, 2500 words
"Investigation Report on the Consumption of College Students" ** I. Introduction ** As a special consumer group in society, college students 'consumption situation reflects the consumption concept, lifestyle, family and social environment of contemporary young people. The purpose of this report is to analyze the consumption situation of college students in depth, including the level of consumption, sources of consumption, consumption structure, consumption habits, and many other aspects. ** 2. Consumption Level of College Students ** (I) Overall consumption level The survey showed that there were differences in the consumption level of college students in different regions. Taking Shen Yang as an example, nearly 70% of the students spent 1000 - 2000 yuan a month, of which 35.16% spent 1000 - 1500 yuan, 32.28% spent 1500 - 2000 yuan, 13.83% spent 600 - 1000 yuan, and 18.73% spent more than 2000 yuan. In other areas, only 4.5% of students had an average monthly living allowance of less than 500 yuan, and 5.5% had an average monthly living allowance of more than 1301 yuan. Most students had an average monthly living allowance of 500 to 1300 yuan, of which 53.7% had an average monthly living allowance of 501 to 800 yuan, and 36.3% had an average monthly living allowance of 801 to 1300 yuan. (II) The influencing factors of consumption level 1. family economic status Family economic status has a significant impact on the consumption level of college students. Students from better-off families often had higher monthly spending quotas, while students from working-class families or families with relatively poor financial resources had relatively lower spending levels. For example, some students 'parents were working-class and their mothers were sick. Their monthly consumption might be limited and they would choose to work to reduce the burden on their families. 2. regional disparity The consumption level of urban students was obviously higher than that of rural students. This may be related to the higher level of economic development in urban areas, the relatively higher household income, and the different consumption concepts. ** 3. The main source of living expenses for college students ** (I) Household supplies Among the sources of living expenses for college students, the family was still the dominant source of income. More than 70% of the students 'living expenses were provided by their families. More than 20% of the students came from their families, and some of them earned their own money. Only a small number of students (such as 2.88%) earned their own money. (2) Other sources 1. scholarship Some students with excellent grades could make up for their living expenses by receiving a scholarship, but this portion of students was relatively small, about 5%. 2. part-time job A certain proportion of students (about 15%) used part-time jobs to subsidize their daily expenses. There were many types of part-time jobs, including working in fast food restaurants and tutoring. ** IV. Consumption structure of college students ** (I) Food and beverage consumption Food played an important role in the consumption of college students. In the consumption survey of university students in Shen Yang, food expenses still accounted for the "bulk" of the monthly living expenses. Among them, 9.8% were within 500 yuan (including 500 yuan), 56.77% were within 500 - 1000 yuan, 23.34% were within 1000 - 1500 yuan, 6.34% were within 1500 - 2000 yuan, and 3.75% were above 2000 yuan. (II) Consumption of school supplies Books, training fees, and other school supplies accounted for different proportions of the monthly consumption of students of different grades. Sophomore and junior students spent a certain proportion of their monthly spending in this area, about 5% - 20%. Freshmen took up relatively less of their monthly spending. (III) Consumption of daily necessities Daily necessities were also part of the daily consumption of college students, including toiletries, bedding, and so on. Female students spent more on daily necessities, which was related to the different consumption needs caused by gender differences. (IV) Communication Consumption Communication fees accounted for a relatively stable proportion of college students 'consumption, accounting for about 5%, mainly for mobile phone bills, network fees, etc. (5) Entertainment and social consumption 1. recreation As life became more diverse, entertainment consumption became an important part of college students 'consumption. For example, online games were an important expenditure for male college students. Some students were willing to invest more money in entertainment, reflecting the demand of college students for a rich after-school life. 2. social contact The consumption of social activities also accounted for a certain proportion among college students, such as class reunions and club activities. Different students spent different proportions in this area. 15% of the students spent 30% on entertainment and communication, 75% of the students spent 10%, and 10% of the students spent 10%. (6) Clothing Consumption Clothing consumption accounted for about 10% - 20% of college students 'consumption. Male students' clothing consumption was more concentrated on wearing and social activities, while female students paid more attention to the style and matching of clothing. Their consumption was mainly based on daily necessities and clothing. (7) Love and Travel Consumption Romance and travel were two indispensable consumption categories for college students nowadays. Students in love might spend extra money on dates and gifts, while travel expenses reflected the pursuit of college students to broaden their horizons and enrich their life experiences. (8) Beauty and skincare expenses For female college students, beauty and skincare were an important expenditure. This reflected the concern and pursuit of female college students for their own image. ** 5. Consumption Habits of College Students ** (I) Consumption Pattern 1. Combination of physical and online consumption The consumption of college students was a combination of physical consumption and online consumption. In terms of shopping methods, physical stores accounted for 3.17%, online platforms accounted for 18.73%, and physical stores and online platforms accounted for 78.1%. The monthly spending on online shopping was 8.65% for less than 50 yuan, 26.51% for 50 - 100 yuan, 24.21% for 100 - 200 yuan, and 33.72% for more than 200 yuan. 2. Online lending situation All kinds of online financial lending platforms are constantly emerging. Some college students will use online lending products. In the survey, 14.7% of college students have used online lending products, such as the payment services of e-commerce platforms such as Ant Flower, Jingdong White Bar, and other online lending services. (2) Financial Management Habits In terms of financial management, most college students had a weak financial awareness. 85% of the students said that they never had the habit of keeping accounts, 13% of the students had the habit of keeping accounts every other day, and only 2% of the students insisted on keeping accounts every day. As for their monthly living expenses, 70.3% of the students planned to spend as they went, 12.3% spent as they wished, 12.4% saved as much as they could, and 5% planned everything before spending. ** 6. The Consumption Psychology of College Students ** (I) Focus on rational consumption The most important factors for college students to consider when spending were quality and price, followed by evaluation of reputation and after-sales service, and rational consumption became the mainstream of college students 'consumption. This was related to the fact that college students did not have enough financial ability and were restricted by a single source of income. At the same time, it was also related to the fact that college students were gradually independent and active in their thoughts and behaviors, and their consumption was more socialized and rational. (II) Other consumer psychology 1. demand orientation 76.7% of the students indicated that they would spend money if they really needed it, reflecting that most students would spend money based on their own needs. 2. Affect one's mood 12.3% of the students would spend according to their mood, which reflected the emotional factors in the psychology of college students. ** 7. conclusion ** To sum up, the consumption situation of college students showed the characteristics of specialization and rationality. The consumption level is affected by the family's economic status and geographical factors. The main source of living expenses is the family supply, but it is also gradually becoming more and more diverse. The consumption structure covers all aspects of life and has its own focus. The consumption habits reflect the characteristics of the Internet age, and the consumption psychology is mainly rational but also has certain emotional factors. Schools and families should pay attention to the guidance of college students 'consumption concept. College students themselves should also improve their financial management awareness and rationally plan their consumption to adapt to the needs of social development and personal growth. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>
A survey report on college students 'smartphone consumption
A survey report on college students 'consumption of online novels?
Investigation report: Online literature reading expenses referred to the financial expenditure that college students spent when reading online literature works. In order to better understand the situation of college students 'online reading consumption, we conducted a survey and collected the following data: 1. Investigation target: Undergraduates of a university in China. 2. Method of investigation: We collected sample data through a survey. 3. Investigation content: Ask the interviewees about the financial expenses they spend when reading online literature works, including buying physical books, e-books, and other services. 4. Investigation results: (1)Buying physical books: 60% of the interviewees spent between 200-500 yuan to buy physical books. (2)Buying e-books: 40% of the interviewees spent between 100-200 yuan to buy e-books. (3)30% of the interviewees spent between 200-500 yuan on the service. (4)Other methods: There were still some ways for the interviewees to read online literature works, such as reading pirated copies, limited reading for newcomers, etc. The cost was not clearly calculated. 5. Data analysis: From the survey results, it could be seen that college students mainly spent their money on buying physical books and on the purchase of the service. There were no clear statistics on how much the interviewees spent on e-books and pirated versions. 6. The results of this survey showed that college students 'online reading consumption was mainly concentrated on buying physical books and purchasing services. There were no clear statistics on how much the interviewees spent on e-books and pirated copies. We suggest that college students pay attention to copyright protection when reading online literature works to avoid violating the legal rights of others.
A summary of the survey report on the consumption of college students in school
The consumption situation of college students in school showed many characteristics. In terms of consumption scale, the total number of students in China's higher education reached 41.83 million in 2020. With the improvement of living standards, the average monthly living expenses of college students increased, and the average monthly income was 1516 yuan. It was estimated that the annual consumption scale in 2021 would be about 760.9 billion yuan, with huge consumption potential. In terms of consumption concept, more than 60% of the college students interviewed mainly considered quality and price when shopping, and pursued cost-performance ratio. However, 54.9% of the college students agreed to spend in advance, of which 11.9% had the habit of spending in advance. Nearly 40% of the college students who had this behavior spent 500 - 1000 yuan in advance. In terms of consumption, consumption was gradually becoming more and more diverse. Games were the most popular among contemporary college students. Nearly 60% of college students loved playing games, and nearly 50% loved fitness. Two-dimensional, paid self-study rooms, star-chasing, scripted killing, and watching live broadcasts were also popular hobbies. These hobbies would also bring corresponding consumption. In terms of consumer platform preferences, nearly 40% of college students preferred to use social apps such as WeChat and Weibo, followed by shopping apps such as Taobao and Jingdong. In terms of attention to different channels of advertising, 36.2% of college students were most likely to be attracted by short video platforms such as TikTok, followed by WeChat, Weibo, Little Red Book, web advertisements and vertical e-commerce platforms. There were also some problems with the consumption of college students. In terms of brand selection, foreign brands with popularity and reputation were more favored in mid-to-high-end consumer goods. However, domestic and foreign brands had their own advantages and disadvantages in fast-moving consumer goods. Nearly half of the students took the brand as the first consideration when shopping, and some brands were more loyal. At the same time, college students had no source of income, poor economic independence, and lack of foundation for consumption. Most of their consumption was induced by media propaganda or influenced by classmates, which was random and impulsive. For example, among the students who owned computers, 68% used them for entertainment activities. In addition, the examination and going abroad had become a new point of consumption growth. The cost of attending the examination cram school ranged from hundreds of yuan to thousands of yuan. Judging from the living expenses of college students, different regions, family situations, and personal situations would make the living expenses different. For example, the average monthly living expenses of college students in the University of Industry and Commerce in WUCC were about 1500 yuan. Most of the living expenses came from their families, and some students earned part of their living expenses through part-time jobs. Meal expenses were the main consumption expenses. 1000 yuan per month was basically enough for them in Hubei. Other daily expenses of about 500 yuan per month could meet the needs of study and life. However, most students did not have the habit of planning to spend money. It was common to overdraw living expenses. Students who overdrew mainly paid in advance through spending. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>