Well, the call to adventure in a novel is a crucial element that grabs the reader's attention. It might be a threat to the protagonist's world. Consider 'The Hunger Games'. Katniss's sister being chosen for the Games is the call to adventure. It forces Katniss to step forward and volunteer in her sister's place, which then thrusts her into the brutal and deadly adventure of the Hunger Games arena.
It really depends on the type and genre of the novel. In some, it can happen quite early to hook the readers. In others, it might take a bit longer to build up the story and characters first.
A call to adventure can often be a moral obligation. In 'To Kill a Mockingbird', Atticus Finch's call to adventure is his moral obligation to defend Tom Robinson in a racially charged trial. It's not a physical journey in the traditional sense but a fight for justice within his community. Also, a call can come from a sense of curiosity. In '20,000 Leagues Under the Sea', Aronnax's curiosity about the mysterious sea monster is his call to adventure which leads him to board the Nautilus.
In novels, history is often presented through the experiences of the characters. Their actions, thoughts, and interactions can be shaped by the historical context they are in. Also, the setting of the novel, such as the architecture, the social hierarchy, and the cultural norms, can all be used to convey historical information. For instance, in a novel set in Victorian England, the strict social classes and the elaborate etiquette are part of the historical presentation.
Time in a novel can be presented in various ways. For example, it can be linear, where events unfold in a chronological order, just like our normal perception of time. This gives the story a straightforward flow. Another way is through flashbacks. The author may take the reader back in time to provide background information or to show how past events influence the present in the story.
Adultery in the novel can be portrayed in different ways. It might be presented sympathetically, where the author makes the reader understand the reasons behind the character's actions. However, it can also be condemned. In some novels, it serves as a plot device to create drama and conflict. For example, in some classic Victorian novels, adultery was a scandalous topic, and the characters involved were often punished in some way, either socially or morally, to uphold the values of the society depicted in the novel.
Death in the novel is presented as both a source of grief and a catalyst for change. It forces characters to confront their own mortality and makes them reevaluate their lives and values.
In the novel, war is shown to have profound psychological impacts on the characters, changing them in unexpected ways. It also highlights the social and political consequences that follow.
Curley is depicted as an aggressive and insecure character. He's constantly looking for a fight to prove his dominance.
A novel in a textbook is usually presented in an abridged form to fit the educational context. Key sections and themes might be highlighted.
Crooks is presented as a lonely and isolated character. He's often marginalized due to his race and physical disability.