Keep it simple and build tension quickly. Start with a creepy setting or a mysterious character. Use vivid descriptions to make the reader feel scared.
You need to set the mood right from the beginning. Use short sentences and powerful words. Build the horror gradually and make the reader keep guessing. And make sure the ending is unexpected and terrifying.
One factor is the atmosphere. A dark, gloomy and tense atmosphere can immediately put the reader on edge. For example, in 'The Tell - Tale Heart', Poe uses descriptions of the old man's room at night and the slow, stealthy movements of the narrator to create a sense of dread. Another is the element of the unknown. When the reader doesn't know what's going to happen next or what the true nature of the horror is, it's much scarier. Like in 'The Call of Cthulhu', the vast and incomprehensible nature of the cosmic horror is what makes it so effective.
A short scary story is effective when it has an element of the unknown. For example, if you don't clearly show what the monster or the danger is, it leaves the reader's imagination to fill in the gaps, which can be really terrifying. Like in a story where you just hear strange noises in a dark room but don't know what's making them.
A short scary story works when it has a sudden twist or unexpected ending. It should build tension quickly and leave you with a chill.
Characterization can make a scary short story effective. If you can empathize with the character's fear, it makes the story more impactful. In 'The Open Window', the main character's confusion and growing unease as the girl tells her strange story draws you in. Also, a sense of dread that builds throughout the story, like in 'The Red Room' where the narrator gradually realizes there is something truly menacing in the red room, is very important.
Character development can contribute to the effectiveness of a scary short story as well. If the reader can empathize with the characters, their fear and panic become more palpable. For example, if a character is a loving mother trying to protect her children from an unknown evil in a story, the reader will be more invested in her struggle and feel the horror more acutely.
One key factor is the element of surprise. For example, in a story where a character seems safe, and then suddenly something terrifying jumps out. It catches the reader off - guard.
To write an effective short story, start with a captivating idea. Make your characters relatable and give them clear goals. Build tension and keep the plot moving. Also, pay attention to the ending - it should be satisfying and memorable.
One night, I was walking alone in the forest. The moon was hidden by the thick clouds, and the only sound was the wind whistling through the trees. Suddenly, I heard a low growl behind me. I turned around, but saw nothing. As I quickened my pace, the growling grew louder. I started to run, my heart pounding in my chest. Then, out of the corner of my eye, I saw a pair of red eyes following me. I knew I had to get out of the forest alive.
Late at night, I was driving on a lonely road. Fog was starting to roll in. My radio started to act up, making strange noises. Up ahead, I saw a figure standing in the middle of the road. I slammed on the brakes. As the fog cleared a bit, I could see it was a woman in a white dress, but she had no face. She started walking towards my car and I quickly reversed and sped away, my heart pounding in my chest.
A good short scary bedtime story has a creepy setting and unexpected twists. It builds tension and leaves you with a lingering sense of fear.