The north referred to Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, northern Jiangsu, Shandong, northern Anhui, Hei Long Jiang, Ji Lin, and Liao Ning.
The North Pole referred to the northern end of the Earth's axis of rotation, which was 90° north latitude. The Arctic region referred to the region within the Arctic Circle at a latitude of 66°34 'north. The Arctic Ocean was a vast, frozen ocean surrounded by numerous islands and the coastal areas of North America, Europe, and northern Asia. The Arctic region included the Arctic Ocean and its islands, with the North Pole at the center. Among them, the land area was about 8 million square kilometers, mainly including Greenland, the Arctic Islands of Canada, the Svalbard Islands, the Franz Joseph Land Islands, the Novaya Zemlya Islands, the Severnaya Zemlya Islands, the New Siberian Islands, and the Wrangel Islands. The water area was mainly the Arctic Ocean, which was the smallest ocean on Earth, with an area of about 13.1 million square kilometers. Therefore, the North Pole was located in a vast area north of 66°34 'north latitude, including the Arctic Ocean and the surrounding islands.
The North Star was in the north. Regardless of whether it was in the northern or southern hemisphere, the North Star was located in the north of the Earth. It was the closest star to the North Celestial Pole. It rotated very slightly around its axis and was almost motionless. People could use the Polaris to determine direction at night. Its position in the sky could indicate the direction of the north.
The North Pole was located at the northernmost point of the Earth, at a latitude of 90° N. The Arctic region included the Arctic Ocean and the islands within, mainly Greenland, the Arctic Islands of Canada, the Svalbard Islands, the Franz Joseph Land Islands, Novaya Zemlya, the Severnaya Zemlya Islands, the New Siberian Islands, and the Wrangel Islands.
Nanman referred to the area south of the Song-Liao watershed, including the whole of the three provinces of Liaoning, jilin, and heilong, as well as the northeast of Inner Mongolia and the area south of the outer Xing 'an Mountains (including Sakhalin Island); Beiman referred to the area north of the Song-Liao watershed, mainly including heilong river, jilin, and other places.
North of the North refers to the area north of the Yangtze River or the Yellow River. To be specific, for Guangzhou people, north of the Pearl River was north; for Nanjing people, north of the Yangtze River was north; for Jinan people, north of the Yellow River was north. This showed that the concept of north had different meanings in different regions.
The source of the story was Ye Shi's "Road Construction Shu" in the Song Dynasty.
The North Pole was located within the Arctic Circle of the Earth, at a position of 66°34 'north latitude. The North Pole was not a piece of land, but a sea covered in ice and snow, mainly the Arctic Ocean.
The Arctic Mohe River was located in the Daxing’anling Prefecture of China's Heilongjiang Province.
Beiji Village was located in Beiji Town, Mohe City, Daxing’anling Prefecture, China's Heilongjiang Province.
The Northern Wuyi Mountain was located in the southern suburbs of Wuyishan City in Fujian Province. It was part of the northern part of the Wuyi Mountain Range.