Danniang's sand dunes were formed by the accumulation of wind power. Every winter and spring, the climate in this area was dry, and the wind was strong. In addition, the vegetation was thin, and the wind was less blocked when it passed through the river. It formed a vortex updraft, which carried the sand on the sandbar and the floodplain. It was blocked by the terrain along the river, and the wind speed slowed down. The sand piled up on the hillside, forming Danniang sand dunes over time.
The reason for the change in the area of Danniang sand dunes was that excessive cutting, logging, and grazing led to soil erosion in the area, and sand flowed into the valley. Every winter and spring, the water level of the river was relatively low, and the river banks and sandbars were exposed. The strong wind carried the sand on the sandbars and river banks, which was blocked by the mountainous terrain beside the river. The wind speed slowed down, and the sand piled up on the hillside, forming sand dunes over time. In summer, the water level of the river was high and the flow speed was fast. It had an erosive effect on the Danniang sand dunes, causing the sand dunes to shrink.
The main reason for the formation of sand dunes was drought and wind. The dry climate made the material loose and could not be consolidated, and the wind could transport and move these unconsolidated materials, thus forming sand dunes. In addition, the formation of sand dunes also required a source of sand, which usually came from inland mountain basins with rich deposits and lowlands on the eroded plateau.
The reason why Dan Niang's sand dunes grew taller was due to the accumulation of wind power. Every winter and spring, the area where Danniang Dune was located was relatively dry and windy. When the wind passed through areas with little vegetation, it would carry sand from sandbars and floodplains. As there were fewer obstacles, when the wind slowed down, the sand would pile up on the hillside and gradually form the Danniang sand dune. The sand mainly came from the nearby sandbars and floodplains. The sand grains of the Danniang sand dune were very fine, showing beautiful curves and wave-like patterns.
Danniang's sand dunes were formed by the accumulation of wind power. Every winter and spring (mainly from October to March of the next year), the climate in this area was dry, and the wind was strong. In addition, the vegetation was thin, and the wind was less blocked by the river surface, thus forming a vortex updraft. The airflow carried sand grains on the sandbars and floodplains. It was blocked by the mountainous terrain along the river, and the wind speed slowed down. The sand grains piled up on the hillside and accumulated over time to form sand dunes. Regarding the dominant wind direction of Danniang Dune, according to the information provided, documents 1 and 2 described that Danniang Dune was located at the foothills on the north bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River in Milin County, Xizang, while documents 2 and 3 mentioned that there was little rainfall in winter and spring, the river level was low, and the beach and sandbar were exposed. However, there was no clear information about the direction of the wind. Thus, it was impossible to determine the dominant wind direction of Danniang's sand dune.
The most important reasons for the formation of moving sand dunes were water sources and strong winds. Mobile sand dunes were one of the types of sand dunes that were classified according to their mobility. There was little vegetation on their surface, and they could move along the wind under the influence of the wind. Mobile sand dunes were widely distributed in the desert. The formation of sand dunes was also related to the abundance of sand sources, the distribution of deposits, and the effect of wind. However, the current information did not provide a clear answer to the specific mechanism and process of sand dune formation.
Danniang sand dunes were formed by the accumulation of wind power. Every winter and spring, the climate in this area was dry, and the wind was strong. In addition, the vegetation was thin, so the wind was less blocked by the river surface, forming a vortex updraft. These air currents carried sand grains from the sandbars and floodplains, which were blocked by the mountainous terrain by the river. The wind speed slowed down, and the sand grains piled up on the hillside, forming Danniang sand dunes over time.
The materials that formed the Danniang sand dune were mainly transported by water and wind.
The conditions for the formation of sand dunes include wind, ground form, moisture, vegetation, and sand supply. The wind determined the speed and direction of the sand dunes, and the undulating ground affected the accumulation of the sand dunes. The abundance of the sand source would also affect the size of the sand dunes. In addition, the better the water and vegetation conditions, the more unfavorable it was for the formation of sand dunes. The formation of sand dunes was not necessarily limited to dry areas. Sand dunes could also be formed in river valleys, sandy lakeshore, and coasts in humid areas.
The sand dunes were formed by the wind. When the wind blew over the surface, it would take away some of the sand and pile it up behind the obstacles on the downwind side. As time passed, the sand dunes gradually grew larger and played a greater role in blocking the sand carried by the wind. In a hidden place downwind, the sand would be intercepted, forming a relatively steep sliding surface. When the angle of the sliding surface reached a certain degree, the sand would slide down the sliding surface, causing the sand dunes to advance forward. The speed at which the sand dunes moved depended on the height of the sand dunes, the speed of the wind, the condition of the underlying surface, and other factors. Mobile sand dunes are mainly distributed in China's Xinjiang, the Yellow Plateau, and the Inner Mongolia Plateau.
The formation of sand dunes was the result of a combination of natural forces and human activities. Sand dunes were mainly hills or ridges formed by the wind. They were commonly found on the sandy surface of coasts, certain river valleys, and dry areas. The formation of sand dunes could not be separated from the two factors of drought and wind. Due to the dry climate, the material became loose and could not be consolidated, allowing the sand to be transported and moved by the wind. During the formation of the sand dunes, the wind pushed the sand grains to roll. The sand rolled along the wind on the windward side, crossed the top of the sand dune, and slid down the back. The sand that slid down kept accumulating, moving, and sliding down, thus pushing the sand dune forward. In addition, the formation process of different types of sand dunes was also different. For example, vertical sand dunes were formed under the condition of a fixed wind direction, while horizontal sand dunes were formed under the condition of changing wind direction. In general, the formation of sand dunes was a complicated process, affected by many factors, including climate, terrain, wind direction, and so on.