Requirements for the arrangement of horizontal drainage pipes
The layout requirements of the horizontal branch drainage pipe include the following points: (1) The horizontal branch drainage pipe can be laid on the floor along the wall, or it can be hung on the floor with a ring with a distance of 1~1.5m. The horizontal branch pipe at the bottom should be buried. (2) Horizontal drainage pipes should not pass through settlement joints, expansion joints, flues and air passages. (3) The drainage pipe is prone to leakage and condensation, so the hanging horizontal branch pipe shall not be arranged above the equipment and raw materials that cannot be exposed to water, in the bedroom and above the stove, and under the ceiling of the warehouse, ventilation room and power distribution room. (4) The horizontal drainage pipe should not be too long to prevent the damage of the water seal of the sanitary ware caused by the siphoning effect due to the long pipe. (5) The drainage horizontal branch pipe should be inclined to the vertical pipe with a certain slope, and should turn as little as possible, especially the horizontal branch pipe connected to the toilet. It should be connected to the vertical pipe in a straight line to reduce the number of blockages and cleanouts. (6) 450 three-way or 900 inclined three-way should be used for the connection between the horizontal drainage branch pipe and the vertical pipe.
The horizontal drainage pipe is connected with the horizontal pipe
The horizontal drainage pipes shall be connected with the horizontal drainage pipes by oblique three-way, oblique four-way or three-way and four-way along the water. To be specific, the connection between the horizontal sewage pipes should not be made with a straight three-way or a straight four-way, but with an inclined three-way or an inclined four-way or a straight three-way or a straight four-way. These connections could ensure the normal operation and drainage effect of the drainage pipeline.
Horizontal branch pipe and horizontal main pipe of drainage
Horizontal branch pipes and horizontal main pipes were two types of pipes in the drainage system of buildings. The horizontal branch pipe was a horizontal pipe section connecting the sewage collection device drain pipe and the vertical drainage pipe, and was used to send sewage from the sewage collection devices to the vertical drainage pipe. The horizontal branch pipe should have a certain slope to facilitate smooth drainage. The horizontal main pipe was a pipe section that connected several drainage vertical pipes to the discharge pipe, mainly to receive the drainage of the horizontal branch pipe. The connection point of the horizontal branch pipe and the horizontal main pipe has a certain distance from the bottom of the vertical drainage pipe to ensure the normal operation of the drainage system. The specific connection requirements could refer to the relevant specifications and design standards.
What's a horizontal drainage pipe?
The horizontal main drainage pipe was a horizontal pipe section connecting the drainage pipe of the sewage collection device and the vertical drainage pipe. It could send the sewage flowing out of the sewage collection device to the vertical drainage pipe. It should have a certain slope, and the end connected to the drainage stand pipe should be lower to facilitate drainage.
installation method of horizontal drainage branch pipe
There were several different ways to install the horizontal drainage pipe. First, you can choose to hang the pipeline under the floor of this floor, also known as "non-same floor drainage" or "suspended drainage under the floor". Secondly, you can choose to lay pipes in the refill layer when the bathroom floor structure is sinking, which is also called "same-floor sinking drainage". In addition, they could also choose to install the pipeline on the ground of this floor, which was also called "same-floor drainage". The specific installation method needed to be selected and operated according to the actual situation and design requirements.
The drainage horizontal branch pipe is connected with the vertical pipe.
When the horizontal drainage branch pipe is connected to the vertical pipe, different connection methods can be used. According to the Design Standard for Building Water and Waste Water, when the sanitary ware drainage pipe is vertically connected to the horizontal drainage pipe, a 90° inclined tee should be used. When the horizontal branch pipe is connected with the vertical pipe, it can adopt a three-way or four-way downstream pipe and a 45° inclined three-way or 45° inclined four-way pipe. In a special single-standpipe system, the horizontal branch pipe and the standpipe can be connected by special accessories. In addition, according to some provisions of the Building Water and Waste Design Code, when the drainage stand pipe is only equipped with a top vent pipe, the vertical distance between the lowest drainage horizontal branch pipe and the stand pipe bottom shall not be less than the specified distance. According to the Connection Design and Material Selection of Building Drainpipe Branch and Horizontal Main, when the drainage branch pipe on the upper layer of the horizontal main drainage pipe is connected to the horizontal main drainage pipe, it is recommended to use a 45° inclined tee to connect it from the top of the horizontal main drainage pipe. To sum up, when the horizontal drainage branch pipe is connected to the vertical pipe, different connection methods such as 90° inclined three-way, downstream three-way or downstream four-way, 45° inclined three-way or 45° inclined four-way can be used.
The drainage branch pipe is connected to the horizontal main pipe by 0.6m.
When the drainage branch pipe is connected to the horizontal main pipe, the connection point shall not be less than 0.6 meters below the turning point.
Open ditch drainage and underground ditch drainage
Open ditch drainage and underground ditch drainage were two different drainage methods. Open ditch drainage referred to the drainage of water through the excavated open ditch channel. Water could flow directly from various positions in the ditch. The cover was usually a comb, which could pass water. The comb or grill was used to intercept debris. Underground ditch drainage meant that water could not flow in directly. The cover was usually steel plate or concrete. The drainage ditch of the underground ditch was inclined to the water collecting well. When digging, the drainage ditch was first dug, and as it was dug, it deepened to form a underground ditch system connecting the inside and outside of the foundation pit to control the underground water level. Finally, the underground water was pumped away by a pump. Open ditch drainage was suitable for irrigation in areas with water infiltration, and it had a good effect on rainwater drainage. Dark ditch drainage was suitable for the foundation pit drainage of structures with large foundation pit depth, narrow site, and strong underground water.
Open ditch drainage and underground pipe drainage
Open ditch drainage and underground pipe drainage were two common methods of farmland drainage. Open ditch drainage was a method of digging drainage ditches to form a drainage ditch network. Water would flow from the field ditch network into the water transmission ditch network and finally into the drainage area (river, lake, sea). Underground drainage was a method of burying pipes underground to drain water by removing excess water from the farmland soil and lowering the water level. The underground pipe drainage could be used to filter and seep water by using sand and stone bedding, laying thick plastic pipes and crushed sand. Open ditch drainage was suitable for soil layers with better geological conditions, while underground pipe drainage could effectively control the underground water level, save land, and have a better drainage effect.
Open ditch drainage, underground ditch drainage
Open ditch drainage and underground ditch drainage were two different drainage methods. Open ditch drainage referred to the digging of open ditches on the surface to guide water to the water outlet. It was suitable for draining accumulated water after heavy rain or for green areas with uneven terrain. Open ditches had the advantage of easy drainage, easy flushing, and anti-blockage, but there might be problems with odors and pests, and it would also make the ground uneven. Underground ditch drainage was used to draw water out by burying pipes or building underground ditches. It was suitable for narrow sites and large underground water. Underground ditches could keep the terrain neat and save land, but the cost was higher. There were differences in drainage methods, cover materials, and functions between open ditches and underground ditches.
[Horizontal and Horizontal Algebra]
The vertical and horizontal technique was a method of stating interests and persuading the monarch with eloquence. The art of communication was the knowledge of opening and closing one's mouth. Whether one opened or closed their mouth during communication depended on whether one understood the other party's intentions and the similarities and differences between the "intentions" of both parties. Telekinesis was targeted at people with expertise. When such people met people who understood their skills and affirmed them, they were easily moved and became friends. Reaction Technique emphasized that the core of communication was listening. Being good at listening could get the other party's true feelings, and it was also useful in identifying people and employing people. The art of resistance believed that everything had cracks. The defender had to mend the cracks to prevent deterioration, and the attacker had to use the cracks to disintegrate the opponent. For example, when communicating and negotiating with others, they could take advantage of the other party's loopholes. The Flying Claw Technique pointed out that by grasping a person's preferences, one could control the other party and make them act according to their own wishes. In addition, there were also contents related to vertical and horizontal divination such as following the trend (those who go against it will fail), not forgetting the initial heart (the beginning of cultivating one's will is to be at ease), calming one's heart and thinking far (the heart is quiet and the gods will be glorious), recognizing people's good deeds (establishing power and controlling the system to examine similarities and differences in advance), and acting against the law (all the ways to combine and double are suitable). While waiting for the TV series, you can also click on the link below to read the classic original work of "Dafeng Nightwatchman"!