Modern Chinese literary criticism can be roughly divided into three categories: Realist criticism: emphasizing that literary works reflect social reality, pay attention to the authenticity and profundity of characters and plots, and emphasize the criticism and revelation of literature to reality. 2. Romanticism criticism: focusing on emotional and aesthetic descriptions, emphasizing the personality and artistry of literature, focusing on the emotional and psychological descriptions of characters and plots, emphasizing the redemption and salvation of individuals in literature. 3. Modern criticism: emphasizing the innovation and uniqueness of literary forms, paying attention to the freedom and expressiveness of novels, poems and other literary forms, emphasizing the transcendence and transformation of literature to traditional culture and language.
The development of the Legend of Tang could be roughly divided into the following periods: 1. Tang Dynasty (618 - 907): This was the heyday of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of the legendary Tang Dynasty. During this period, a group of famous legends such as Li Yishan, Bai Juyi, and Liu Yuxi began to spread. They created many legendary stories that have been passed down to this day, becoming one of the representative works of the Tang Dynasty. 2. Middle Tang Dynasty (907 - 960): This was the development stage of the Legend of Tang and the most prosperous period of the Legend of Tang. During this period, the subject matter and content of the Tang legends became richer, and many works reflecting social reality appeared. At the same time, legends formed a group of unique legendary literature schools. 3. Late Tang Dynasty (960 - 997): This was the period of decline and the low point of the Tang Legend. During this period, the creation of legendary literature gradually fell into a low point, and the quantity and quality decreased. At the same time, due to political and social unrest, the theme and content of the Legend of Tang also changed.
The genre of articles could be roughly divided into novels, essays, poems, argumentative articles, explanatory articles, news, diary, and communications.
Chinese traditional culture can be roughly divided into the following parts: 1. Confucian culture, including the inheritance and development of Confucian thoughts such as Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi, as well as the Confucian classics, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Great Learning, and The Doctrine of the Meanings. 2. Taoist culture: Including the inheritance and development of Taoist thoughts such as Laozi and Zhuangzi, as well as the Taoist classics Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi. 3. Buddhist culture: including the inheritance and development of Buddhist thoughts such as Sakyamuni and Zen masters, as well as Buddhist classics such as the Diamond Sutra, the Heart Sutra, and the Lotus Sutra. 4. Military culture, including the thoughts and inheritance of military strategists such as Sun Tzu and Wu Zi, as well as the classics of military strategists, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Wu Zi's Art of War, etc. 5. Poetry culture: Including the creation and appreciation of ancient literati's poems, as well as the appreciation and interpretation of poems. 6. Traditional opera culture: including the singing, performance, plot and music of traditional Chinese opera, such as Beijing opera, Kunqu opera, Henan opera, Cantonese opera, etc. 7. Calligraphy culture: It includes the writing, style, and techniques of Chinese calligraphy, such as writing with a brush, writing with a hard pen, and writing with a pen. 8. Painting culture: Including the forms, styles, and techniques of Chinese painting, such as landscape painting, flower and bird painting, figure painting, etc. Tea culture: Including the history, development, types and characteristics of Chinese tea culture, such as green tea, black tea, white tea, black tea, etc. 10 Martial arts culture: Including the types, techniques, inheritance and development of traditional Chinese martial arts, such as Taijiquan, Baguazhang, Wuqinxi, etc.
There are many ancient China literary criticism works, some of which are famous: The Book of Songs was an important book written by Kong Yingda in the Tang Dynasty. 2. Chu Ci Critiques: Chu Ci Critiques was a commentary on Chu Ci written by Chen Zilong in the Song Dynasty. 3. A Critical Work on Dream of the Red Chamber: A Critical Work on Dream of the Red Chamber was written by Wu Jingzi in the Qing Dynasty. 4. Water Margins Review: Water Margins Review was a review of Water Margins written by Shi Naian in the Song Dynasty. 5. A Critical Work on Journey to the West: A Critical Work on Journey to the West was written by Wu Chengen in the Ming Dynasty. 6. Scholar's Unofficial History: Scholar's Unofficial History was a book written by Wu Weiye in the Qing Dynasty. These commentaries played an important role in the development and inheritance of ancient China literature.
The history of Chinese literary criticism refers to the history of studying and analyzing Chinese literature. It could be divided into many periods and schools, including ancient times, modern times, and modern times. The study of the history of Chinese literary criticism mainly focuses on the development of Chinese literature, the changes in literary forms, the evolution of literary content, and the evolution of literary criticism. The study of the history of Chinese literary criticism can help people better understand the development of Chinese literature and also provide useful guidance and help for literary creation.
There are many works of ancient Chinese literary criticism. The following are some famous works: The Book of Songs: This is the earliest collection of poems in ancient China, including the poems of the Pre-Qin period. It contained many critical opinions and literary theories about poetry creation. "Chu Ci": This is the representative work of Qu Yuan, a poet of the Chu State during the Warring States Period. It is also one of the important documents in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It contained many critical opinions and literary theories about the form and rhetoric of poetry. 3. Dream of the Red Chamber: This was a classic work in the Qing Dynasty and also in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It contained many critical opinions and literary theories about literary creation and literary criticism. 4. Water Margins: This was one of the important works in the Ming Dynasty and also in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It contained many critical opinions and literary theories about the structure and narrative of the novel. 5 Journey to the West: This is one of the important works in the Ming Dynasty and also in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It contained many critical opinions and literary theories about the novel's narration and character creation. These are some of the famous works of ancient Chinese literary criticism. They not only had a profound impact on the development of ancient Chinese literature, but also had an important impact on the development of modern Chinese literature and contemporary literature.
The development of Chinese literary criticism in the 1990s showed the following characteristics: 1. The rise of the literary review market: With the gradual development of the market economy, the literary review market has gradually formed. During this period, many publishing houses and media began to attach importance to the role of literary criticism and launched their own literary review series or columns. 2. Borrowing from critical theories: In the 1990s, the Chinese literary criticism circle began to borrow Western critical theories such as structuralism and cultural folklore to explore the internal mechanism and cultural background of Chinese literary works. 3. Increasing literary criticism activities: In the 1990s, the Chinese literary criticism community organized various forms of literary criticism activities, such as literary conferences, literary exhibition, literary lectures, etc. These activities helped to promote the results of literary research and enhance the influence and social status of literary criticism. 4. Pay attention to the works since the new century: The 1990s was the period of development of Chinese literature since the new century. During this period, literary criticism began to pay attention to the creation and publication of Chinese literary works since the new century, and carried out in-depth analysis and interpretation of these works. 5. The combination of literary criticism and social hot topics: In the 1990s, Chinese literary criticism began to combine with social hot topics to discuss the reality and social problems of Chinese society at that time, such as corruption, economic reform, cultural multiculturalism, etc. These comments were helpful for in-depth interpretation of social hot topics and promoting the development of Chinese literature.
Both literary criticism and literary criticism are methods of evaluating and analyzing literary works, but their focus and purpose are slightly different. Literature criticism refers to the study and analysis of literary works to reveal their intrinsic nature and meaning. Critists would pay attention to the historical background of the work, the author's background, the era background of the work, the theme of the work, the plot, the character creation, the use of language, and so on. Through analysis and interpretation of the work, they would explore the meaning and value of the work. The purpose of criticism is to reveal the essence and meaning of literary works and help readers better understand them. Literature criticism focused more on the appreciation and interpretation of literary works, emphasizing the readers 'subjective feelings and understanding and appreciation of the works. Reviewers would pay attention to the plot, character creation, language usage, theme, and other aspects of the work. Through their comments and analysis of the work, they would show the author's writing skills and style to explore the influence and significance of the work. The purpose of reviews was to let readers appreciate the works better and promote readers 'understanding and appreciation of literary works. Although literary criticism and literary criticism overlap in some aspects, their focus and purpose are different, so their expressions and methods are also different.
Literature criticism and literary criticism were both ways of evaluating and analyzing literary works, but the focus and perspective were slightly different. Literature criticism refers to the subjective evaluation and analysis of literary works, mainly focusing on the characteristics and contents of literary works in terms of ideology, art, culture, etc., emphasizing the interpretation and understanding of the works themselves. Critists would use various methods such as reading, thinking, discussion, and analysis to conduct in-depth exploration and evaluation of works. Literature criticism, on the other hand, paid more attention to the analysis of the social, historical, and cultural background of literary works, as well as the author's intention, purpose, and creative process. The criticism mainly focused on the meaning, value, and influence of the work, emphasizing the evaluation of the relationship between the work and the era, society, history, and culture. Critiques tended to focus on being objective and fair, avoiding the interference of subjective colors. Therefore, the main difference between literary criticism and literary criticism lies in the focus of evaluation and analysis. One is the interpretation and understanding of the work itself, and the other is the evaluation of the relationship between the work and the times, society, and culture.
There are many works of ancient Chinese literary criticism. The following are some famous works: The Book of Songs was the earliest collection of poems in China, which included poems from the Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. Among them, there were many critical works such as the Book of Songs. "Chu Ci" is a collection of poems created by Qu Yuan, a poet of the Chu State during the Warring States Period. It is also an important part of ancient Chinese literature. Among them, there are many critical works such as "Chu Ci Review" and so on. 3. The Analects of Confucius: It is one of the ancient Chinese classics that contains the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. Among them, there were many critical works such as the Analects of Confucius. Dream of the Red Chamber was a classic work of the Qing Dynasty and ancient Chinese literature. Among them, there were many critical works such as "Dream of the Red Chamber". 5. Journey to the West: It was a classic of the Ming Dynasty and ancient Chinese literature. Among them, there were many critical works such as "Journey to the West". These critical works had a profound influence on the development of ancient Chinese literature and were also an important part of Chinese literature.