There were many reasons for the prosperity of English novels in the 18th century. On the one hand, the 18th century was the beginning of the British industrial revolution. The social and economic changes brought new employment opportunities and sources of income, which promoted the prosperity of novel writing. On the other hand, the 18th century English literary tradition was so profound that it provided rich resources for the creation of novels. The achievements of the 18th century English novel were mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. Realism tendency: 18th century British novels showed a realism tendency, describing the social customs and people's living conditions at that time, depicting the true character and inner world of the characters, reflecting the contradictions and drawbacks of the society at that time. 2 literary schools: In the 18th century, many literary schools such as romanticism, naturalism, mysticism, etc. appeared in Britain, but they all contributed to the prosperity of British novels. 3. Language of the novel: The language of the 18th century British novel was concise, vivid, and full of poetic and romantic colors. It became the model of the language of the later British novel. The prosperity of English novels in the 18th century was the result of many factors such as society, economy, culture and so on. Its achievements were not only reflected in literature, but also in the influence of literature and culture of later generations.