The 19th century Russian literature was an important period in the history of Russian literature. During this period, literary styles underwent many changes and some important literary schools appeared. The main representatives of Russian literature in the 19th century were Chekhov, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky and others. Chekhov's works focused on describing social life and people's lives, emphasizing the refinement and expressiveness of short stories. He was known as the "father of Russian novels." Tolstoy's works, on the other hand, described war, aristocratic life, and human nature. His works were grand and full of depth of thought, and he was known as the "master of Russian literature." Dostoevsky's works explored the complexity of human nature and guilt. The characters in his works were profound and infectious. The representative works of 19th-century Russian literature include War and Peace, Crime and Punishment, and The Brothers Karamazov. These works had a profound influence on Russian literature and world literature, and became classics in the history of Russian literature.
The three great mountains of 19th century Russian literature referred to the three famous figures in the history of Russian literature: Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, and Maugham.
Pushkin's 'Eugene Onegin' introduced a new style of writing about love and relationships. The use of the 'superfluous man' concept in it was later adopted by other European writers. Also, the detailed descriptions of Russian society in these novels, like in 'Fathers and Sons', provided a rich backdrop for understanding different cultures, which inspired international writers to explore their own cultural settings more deeply.
One of the best is 'Doctor Zhivago' by Boris Pasternak. It beautifully portrays the life in Russia during the revolutionary period. The love story of Zhivago and Lara is intertwined with the historical events. Another great one is 'The Master and Margarita' by Mikhail Bulgakov. It's a complex and satirical work, full of magical realism elements. And 'Cancer Ward' by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn is also notable. It shows the life in a Soviet hospital, while also making profound statements about society.
A significant one is 'Doctor Zhivago' as mentioned before. It's a masterpiece that gives a very personal view of the historical events in Russia. The main character, Yuri Zhivago, is caught in the maelstrom of the revolution and the civil war. His experiences, both in love and in the chaos of the times, are beautifully depicted, making it a very important work of 20th - century Russian literature.
One characteristic is its often complex narrative structures. Many Russian 17th - century novels had multiple plotlines that intertwined. For example, they might tell the story of a noble family's rise and fall while also including tales of the common people in the region. Another aspect was the use of vivid descriptions of the Russian landscape and society. These descriptions helped to create a sense of place and time. Also, religious and moral themes were quite prominent. Characters were often judged based on their adherence to Christian values, and the novels served as a means to teach moral lessons to the readers.
They often have complex characters. For example, in 'Crime and Punishment' by Dostoevsky, Raskolnikov is a deeply troubled and multi - faceted character. The novels also tend to explore big social and moral issues, like the divide between the rich and the poor, and the nature of sin and redemption.
One important aspect of 19th - century Russian short stories is their exploration of the human condition. Writers like Anton Chekhov often depicted the ordinary lives of people, filled with small tragedies and unfulfilled dreams. His stories, for example, showed the quiet desperation of the middle - class in Russia at that time.
American literature in the 19th and 20th centuries covered many different schools and some famous works are listed below: 19th century: - The Adventures of Tom sawyer by Mark Twain - Owen's The Jeff Bezos Story - Oliver Twist by Dickens - Jane Austen's Pride and Predict - The creator of the Harry Potter series, JK Rowling 20th century: - The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemmingway - Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury - Márquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude - Nabokov's Lolita - Maugham's The Moon and Sixpence - Lao She's Teahouse In addition to the works listed above, there are many other famous American literary works such as Ernest Hemmingway's The Sun Also Rises, Wilson's War and Peace, Calvino's One Hundred Years of Solitude, etc.
Goethe was one of the most famous German writers in the 18th century and was hailed as a master of German literature. His works were famous for their profound thoughts, noble morals, and beautiful language. Goethe's works covered poetry, drama, novels, prose, and many other fields. His most famous works included Faust, The Catcher in the Rye, Heine, and so on. Goethe's works were deeply loved by people, not only were they highly regarded at the time, but they are still highly respected today. His literary achievements not only made a major contribution to the history of German literature, but also had a profound impact on the entire world literature. Goethe's works became an indispensable part of the history of literature with its unique artistic style and profound ideology.
The 19th century English literature had a rich and colorful background. During this period, English literature experienced many major changes and developments, including the rise of realism, the decline of romanticism, and the rise of realism. The most representative of the 19th century English literary background were Dickens, Mauricio, Tolstoy, and so on. His plays and poems were regarded as the treasures of world literature. His works deeply reflected the complexity of society and human nature at that time. Dickens 'works such as " Oliver Twist " and " A Tale of Two Cities " became the pioneers of modern literature. The works such as Le Misérables and War and Peace depicted the dark side of society and the complexity of human nature at that time, which had a profound impact on modern literature. During this period, many new literary schools emerged, such as realism literature, romanticism literature, modernist literature and so on. Realist literature emphasized that realism was concerned with social reality and people's lives. Romanticism emphasized emotion and imagination, focusing on personal feelings and inner world. Modern literature emphasized thinking and logic to explore the nature and meaning of human existence. These literary schools had a profound influence on English literature and laid the foundation for the development of modern literature.