Avant-garde novels usually refer to those novels that are forward-looking and experimental in literature. Their characteristics include the use of complex language, the exploration of new topics and forms, and the use of avant-garde literary techniques and techniques. The changes in avant-garde novels could include the following aspects: Language: Avant-garde novels usually use very special and complex language to express their thoughts and emotions. This language may include a lot of metaphor, metaphor, symbolism, and verbal expressions to better convey the author's ideas. 2. Threads and Forms: Vanguard novels may explore some very novel and unique topics and forms such as modern culture, social movements, politics, religion, gender, race, etc. These subjects and forms may be expressed using various literary techniques such as contrast, reversal, suggestion, symbolism, etc. 3. Narrations: Pioneer novels may adopt various narrative methods such as non-linear narration, multiple narration, flashback, and interjection. These narrations may make the story more complicated and interesting, but they may also challenge the reader's reading ability. 4. literary techniques and techniques: avant-garde novels may use various literary techniques and techniques such as symbolism, metaphor, contrast, reversal, suggestion, etc. These techniques and techniques may make the story more complicated and interesting, and may also enhance the artistic value of the work. Changes in the vanguard novel could include innovation in language, theme and form, narrative methods, literary techniques and techniques to better express the author's thoughts and emotions. At the same time, it could also challenge the reader's reading ability and promote the development and progress of literature.