Dream of the Red Chamber was a classical Chinese novel that was regarded as one of the great works in the history of Chinese literature. It was published in 1877 by the Qing Dynasty. The novel tells the story of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and others, depicting the style of the aristocratic society of the Qing Dynasty, and is considered to be the pinnacle of Chinese novel history. Modern literature is a genre of literature developed after the 20th century. It mainly reflects the life and culture of modern society. Representative works of modern literature included Lu Xun's Madman's Diary, The True Story of Ah Q, and Lao She's Camel Xiangzi. In addition, there were many other important modern writers such as Ernest Ernest, Faulkner, Calvino, Margaret Atwood, etc. Dream of the Red Chamber and modern literature are both classic works of Chinese literature. They reflect the lives and values of people in different periods and cultural backgrounds. They have profound thoughts and artistic contents, which have a profound impact on Chinese literature and culture.