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History of photography homework

2026-07-02 00:46
2026-07-02 03:57

The following is an assignment on the history of photography: ** I. The Origin and Early Development of photography ** 1. ** The exploration of early optical principles ** - The China were the first to discover the concept of a basic pinhole camera. Around the 5th century B.C., there were records of pinhole imaging. The image was formed by flipping the "pinhole" on the opposite wall. A hundred years later, the Greek philosopher, aristotle, discussed the formation of the image of a small hole in his work. In the 10th century, the Arabian scholar Hasan Ben Hasan wrote a manuscript describing the working principle of the camera and the principle of simulated photography. The camera was a dark, enclosed box-shaped space with a hole on one side. Light passed through the hole to create an upside-down image on the meeting surface due to optical principles. It was the prototype of the modern camera. 2. ** Getting closer to photography ** - In the 15th century, the earliest prototype of the camera, the "camera obscura", appeared. Then, the pharmacists discovered the property of silver chloride-black when it was exposed to light, and made paper with silver salt, which laid the foundation for the birth of photography. 3. ** The first invention of photography ** - In 1822, Nieppes used a self-made camera and took ten hours to complete the first human photo,"The Items on the Table." In 1826, he took "The Scenery Outside the Window." Later, he worked with Daguerre to improve the technique, but after Nieppes died in 1833, Daguerre registered a patent in his own name in 1839 (Daguerre Law). Although strictly speaking, Nieppes was the pioneer of photography, Daguerfa's camera set was very popular at that time. However, due to the limitations of Daguerphine's own technical principles, photography was replaced by the Carlo Method, which was developed almost at the same time. - Around 1824, Nieppes also invented the first practical photography technique, which was to paint asphalt on a silver plate to obtain an image. This technique was widely used in portrait painting until the mid-1850s. In July 1839, the Frenchman, Hippolyte Bayard, discovered a method to obtain images directly on paper. A piece of paper covered with silver chloride-turned black under light, and after being sensitized by silver iodinate, it was exposed in a dark box for 30 minutes to 2 hours. At the same time, Henry Fox Talbot of the United Kingdom created the "salt paper" photography method. He soaked the writing paper in a diluted solution of common salt and coated it with light-sensitive silver chloride-to capture the image of the camera lens. In 1819, John Hershel discovered that soda could remove the fixing effect of unexposed silver salt. Daguerre and Talbot used soda as a fixer to perfect the photography invention, and Hershel created "photography". Negative and positive. ** 2. The Development and Spread of photography ** 1. ** The improvement and popularity of photography techniques ** - In the late 19th century, American entrepreneur George Eastman was crucial to the development of photography technology. In 1901, the Kobold Brownie was introduced. It was the first commercial camera on the market that could be used by the middle class. Although it only took black-and-white photos, it was popular because of its efficiency and ease of use. 2. ** The development of color photography ** - Color photography was widely explored in the 19th century, but it was not until the mid-20th century that it began to have commercial value. 3. ** The development of different types of cameras ** - Oscar Barnack was born in the second half of the 19th century. In 1912, he researched the design of a small camera using 35mm film. In 1913, he successfully manufactured a prototype 24× 36mm camera, becoming the ancestor of the 35mm camera. ** 3. The development of the status of photography ** 1. ** From technology to art ** - After photography was born, it was initially used purely as a mechanical tool. Later, it began to imitate the style of painting and became one of the branches of art. 2. ** Become an independent art discipline ** - After the first world war, photography began to explore its own body, producing its own ideas and methods, and officially became an independent art discipline. 3. ** The prosperity of photography ** - After the Second World War, the capital market prospered, camera technology improved, and photography ushered in a new era. ** IV. The application of photography in war and news reporting ** 1. ** Early War Photographic Report ** - In 1855, Roger Fendon reported on the war through photography for the first time. He took 350 photos of the German war. 2. ** The development of photography in the field of news ** - With the development of photography technology, the application of photography in news reports gradually increased, becoming an important means of recording wars and social events. ** 5. Other important events and people in the development of photography ** 1. ** Aerial photography appeared ** - In 1858, Gaspar Felix Tunecken (better known as Nada) completed his first aerial photography. 2. ** Special photography techniques and exploration ** - In 1860, Nada used a portable light source to photograph the catacombs in Paris, showing the exploration and application of photography in different scenes. Read more exciting novels for free

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