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以下几种方法可用于确定凸透镜焦距的大小: **一、利用平行光聚焦法** 1. **原理** …

How to know the focal length of a concave lens

2026-07-03 23:40
2026-07-03 23:46

以下几种方法可用于确定凸透镜焦距的大小: **一、利用平行光聚焦法** 1. **原理** - 让平行光(如太阳光)平行于主光轴射入凸透镜,光在透镜的两面经过两次折射后,会集中在轴上的一点,这个点就是凸透镜的焦点。焦点到凸透镜光心的距离就是焦距。 2. **操作** - 将凸透镜正对着太阳光,在凸透镜的另一侧放一张白纸,调整白纸与凸透镜之间的距离,直到白纸上出现一个最小、最亮的光斑,这个光斑所在的位置就是焦点的位置。然后用刻度尺测量出光斑到凸透镜光心的距离,这个距离就是焦距。 **二、根据成像规律公式计算** 1. **成像规律公式** - 根据凸透镜成像规律,物距\(u\)、像距\(v\)和焦距\(f\)满足公式\(\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}=\frac{1}{f}\)。 2. **操作步骤** - 首先确定物距和像距。将物体放在凸透镜前,通过移动光屏(用于承接像)找到清晰的像,测量出物体到凸透镜光心的距离\(u\)(物距)以及像到凸透镜光心的距离\(v\)(像距)。然后将\(u\)和\(v\)的值代入公式\(\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}=\frac{1}{f}\),计算出焦距\(f\)。 **三、利用已知焦距的凸透镜组合计算(当有两个凸透镜时)** 1. **公式推导** - 假设凸透镜(1)的焦距为\(f_1\),凸透镜(2)的焦距为\(f_2\),两者靠得很近,两个凸透镜的中心距离为\(d\),以凸透镜(1)的透镜中心用为合并以后的透镜的中心。有一束平行光射入透镜(1),在焦点处形成了一个亮点,放上凸透镜(2)后,以此亮点作为凸透镜(2)的物,那么这个物离开透镜(2)的距离为\(u_2 =-(f_1 - d)\)。根据凸透镜成像规律公式\(\frac{1}{u_2}+\frac{1}{v_2}=\frac{1}{f_2}\)计算此时凸透镜(2)所成的像的位置\(v_2=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{f_2}+\frac{1}{(f_1 - d)}}\),再计算由凸透镜(2)形成的像离开凸透镜(1)的距离为\(v_2 + d\),这个距离就是凸透镜组合的焦距\(f=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{f_2}+\frac{1}{(f_1 - d)}}+d\)。 2. **操作要点** - 确定两个凸透镜的焦距\(f_1\)和\(f_2\)以及它们之间的距离\(d\),按照上述公式计算组合后的焦距。这种方法适用于有两个凸透镜且它们之间距离较近的情况。 **四、根据凸透镜的厚度判断(定性判断)** 1. **原理** - 凸透镜的厚度越大,焦距越小。这是因为凸透镜对光的会聚作用与厚度有关,厚度越大,对光的会聚能力越强,从而焦距越小。 2. **实际应用** - 在没有精确测量工具的情况下,可以通过比较不同凸透镜的厚度来大致判断它们焦距的相对大小。例如,在多个凸透镜中,较厚的凸透镜可能具有较小的焦距。 点击前往免费阅读更多精彩小说

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Experienced still life photography

The following are the key points for experienced still life photography: ** 1. Selection of camera lens ** 1. ** Wide-angle lens **: suitable for shooting large scenes such as home decorations. 2. ** macro lens **: used to shoot small still life or to show the details of the object. 3. ** Large aperture standard focal length fixed-focus lens **: It is used when the indoor environment is dark during shooting and you want to restore the true appearance of the object. ** 2. Lighting ** 1. ** Main light position confirmed ** - Regardless of whether it was a single-light or multi-light shoot, the first thing to do was to determine the position of the main light and try different angles. When moving the main light, one had to observe the shape of the subject and the changes in light and shadow to find the most suitable position and angle to shoot. - The symmetrical lighting method was more commonly used, which was to place a lamp at a 45° angle on the left and right sides of the subject, and then adjust the brightness according to actual needs to create different picture effects. It could well express the shape, color, texture and other information of the still life. 2. ** Light up according to object selection ** - Hard light was suitable for shooting rough objects, which could highlight the texture and three-dimensional effect, while soft light was suitable for shooting highly reflective objects, which could make the image tone softer and delicate to express the characteristics of the object. - Backlight shooting glassware can highlight the transparent crystal; front light shooting desserts, flowers, etc. can highlight the three-dimensional sense and atmosphere; back light shooting objects with dark colors or strong texture can emphasize their texture; back light shooting food with heavy colors or oily food will make the object texture strong and the surface bright. 3. ** Flash usage ** - Do not use flash at close range. - He installed a hood for the external flash. - It was best to adjust the flash to a 45° position to avoid heavy shadows and make the picture more natural. ** 3. Shooting Target and Scene Setting ** 1. ** Diverse target selection ** - Don't limit yourself to common objects such as flowers and fruits. Open up your mind and find interesting subjects from everyday things. At the same time, he had to be careful not to use reflective surfaces such as glass and metal to avoid distorting the light and affecting the image. 2. ** Selection of background ** - A simple and beautiful background, such as a single-colored wall, a large piece of white or colored paper, or a background without patterns, is better to avoid disturbing the subject of the still life. For small objects, black velvet and other black surfaces that can absorb light well can be used as the surface of the object. 3. ** In terms of composition ** - Remember the rule of thirds when composing and think about how to apply it to the photo to form a strong composition. You need to think outside the box and consider where the audience will look, how to use the frame's white space, and how to present the object to make it more attractive. ** 4. Other Important Points ** 1. ** Equipment and Light Usage ** - If you can't afford studio lighting, you can use simple equipment or use natural light. Reflective mirrors (self-made, such as made of foil and cardboard) can be used to adjust the light under natural light. 2. ** Tripod usage ** - Depending on the lighting, a tripod might be needed. A tripod helped to observe the scene, use long exposure, and take beautiful photos. However, it should be noted that the tripod should not limit the shooting angle and perspective. It should actively change the angle and perspective to avoid shooting similar and lack of change. 3. ** Techniques to create an atmosphere ** - A large aperture lens could create a blurring effect. For example, using the aperture priority mode, manually setting the aperture value (the smaller the aperture value, the larger the aperture, and the stronger the blurring), and using the point focus mode to shoot. - He could use plants, curtains, plastic wrap, and other objects as the foregrounds to create a sense of layering. - Use light to create interesting shadows, such as using small strings of lights, flashlights, and other objects to create a sense of light. - Try out unconventional angles, such as squatting down to shoot small animals with a low angle. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:29

Filming of the Wandering Earth

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2026-07-04 00:28

The novel that the male protagonist is infatuated with the female protagonist for the rest of her life.

He recommended a few novels. "Return to the South of Yan" was an ancient romance novel written by General Xiaowu. The male protagonist had a deep relationship with the female protagonist in his previous life. Although there was a barrier between them, it was very warm. It was just that he opened high and walked low, but there was a shortage of books to read. " Dreamtalk of Rebirth " was a modern romance novel written by Dream of Three Laughters. The female protagonist's rebirth changed her fate. The length was short, but the book was still available. " Reborn Cross-Time Female Supporting Actor ", an ancient poem created by Qian Liuyun. The female lead transmigrated and was reborn to chase the male lead. Although it was melodramatic, it was very exciting. 'Gudu' was an ancient saying written by Ruo Yan. The female protagonist is reborn, the house is sweet and spoiled, the writing is good, and the character image is outstanding. " Rebirth, Breaking Out of the Cocoon, Becoming a Butterfly " was a modern rebirth story written by Yi Tong, a thousand-year-old book. The female lead was upright, hardworking, and strong. Her emotional drama was very touching. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28

What does Da Sima mean in the novel? How do I read it?

In the novel, Da Sima was an official name in ancient times. Pronunciation: dāsā mā. In the Zhou Dynasty, the Great Sima was the official in charge of military affairs. In the Han Dynasty, he was one of the three princes. Later generations also often called the Great Sima the Minister of War. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28

What are the names of novels with the female protagonist named Chestnut?

He recommended a few good novels. " The Beauty of Little Jade Concubine " was a modern romance novel written by Li Shen and Lin Xi. The main character was dressed in a place that was half historical and half non-existent. The situation was continuous and he still had to snatch Dorgon back from Da Yu 'er. " The Sweet Wife of the 90s " was a modern romance novel written by a romantic and wanton author. Ye Nansheng had transmigrated into the book and became the female supporting character. Facing her future rich husband and a group of big shots, she wanted to gain a good impression of him and cozy up to him. " Reborn 80's Good Times " was a modern romance urban life novel written by Snow Fairy 01. Lin Caihong was reborn on the day of her elder sister's wedding. She wanted to get back at the grudges of her previous life and met a strange man. " The Farmer's Daughter, Concubine Fu's Name Shocks the World " was an ancient romance, business, and farming novel that gradually faded out. Wen Nuan traveled through time to become a god of plague. Her family was miserable, but later they became rich. The female protagonist was all-rounded and super cool. " Future Cannon Fodder's Survival " was a sci-fi novel written by Li Zi. The cannon fodder only wanted to live after being reborn, but things had become very strange. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28

Should I take a photo or scan the painting for publication?

If the printing quality of the album was not very high, for the sake of cost, the method of taking photos could be used. Although the photography method had problems such as uneven light, unsmoothness, low precision, lens distortion, etc., the relatively low price could make up for some of the shortcomings and meet the general printing needs. If you were looking for perfection in the printed album, pursuing high quality, and did not care about the cost of scanning, scanning was a better choice. The color reproduction of the scan was accurate, and there was no uneven light. The image level was good, the details were excellent, and the clarity was very high. The texture of the paper and the strokes were clearly displayed. It was very suitable for printing high-end albums. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28

What kind of novel name is the protagonist Chu Nan?

There were many novels with Chu Nan as the main character, such as 'The Immortal Swordmaster',' The Problematic Sister Loves Me 'and' It Looks Like An Expert Is In Another World'. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28

Reborn in the 80s, antique tycoon novel recommendation

I recommend My Creation Civilization by Skyfire Doomsday. This was a sci-fi interstellar civilization novel. The male protagonist, Li Jue, became the God of Creation despite being seriously ill. The world he created had various civilizations clashing with each other. The development of civilizations could obtain elementis to extend their lifespans, so he embarked on the path of creating and perfecting himself. There were many roles, such as the female supporting character Li Lin who was the male lead's high school classmate who opened a pet shop, the male supporting character Ye Bufan who was the king in the first era, Xiang Chuan who fought for the freedom of the orcs, Li Guangming who was a knight of light, and so on. Then, he pushed out " The Plaything Life of Rebirth ", which was a novel about urban life written by Yu. After the male protagonist came back to life, he started his antique life. The plot involved flowers, birds, antiques, and other things. There were also ambiguous plots. This was the author's third book, and its style was similar to 'Rebirth'. Many female leads had their own characteristics, but the male lead was a little fickle. Although it was controversial, the writing was good, the story was very attractive, and the ability to create suspense was strong. " Picked up a Devil, but Very Traditional " was not bad either. It was a light novel that understood what you meant. The male protagonist, Gu En, released the demon Melo. Although Melo was a demon, she was like a little angel, leading the protagonist on the road to superpowers. There was also " The Golden Mirror of Rebirth ", an urban novel written by Pig on the 13th floor. When the male protagonist Qin Fan was reborn and failed the college entrance examination, it was the era when the collection craze had just started. Antiques and treasures kept appearing around him. The last was " Rebirth of the Cultural Relics Master ", written by Shi Hanjie. The main character, Zhang Yang, was reborn from his forties to eighteen years old. He guarded the national treasure and earned money from ancient times. The story was quite legendary. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28

What is the title of the novel about the ex-boyfriend of the female protagonist Xue Miao?

I recommend a few novels. Reborn Spicy Wife was a modern romance novel written by Shen Lingfei. The male and female protagonists were both reborn. The female protagonist was a female police officer and detective, while the male protagonist was a major. The reborn female protagonist was mischievous and domineering, and the plot of the male protagonist getting along with the female protagonist when he was blind was super cute. However, this book had stopped updating. It was a bit of a scam, but the male and female protagonists were very smart. The story was about the female detective teasing the male protagonist and torturing him after her rebirth. It was quite fun. 'The Real World of the Godly Tycoon', an urban novel written by Song Nianqing. Speaking of the lives of rich people, the male lead, Du Shaojiu, was a growing second-generation heir. There were also female supporting characters, Zhou Junman and An Miao. This wasn't an ordinary godly tycoon's novel. It was detailed and had a strong sense of immersion. It was rated as a five-star novel. " I am Ezreal when I am in Douluo ", a light novel written by the papaya star spirit's dog. It was about Ezreal's story on the Douluo Continent. The male protagonist Ezreal and the female protagonist Brass Glove were both born on March 16, and they were both Pisces. " The Tsundere Goddess Counterattacks " was a modern romance novel written by Dream Falling Butterfly. The female protagonist Tang Xi dared to love and hate, while the male protagonist Qiao Liang protected his wife. This was a new work by a newcomer, and the theme was novel. It was a refreshing article about rebirth, but there were typos. " Siheyuan: Beginning with Qin Jingru, the Interceptor of Hu " was an urban novel written by Yuehua Mantian. The male protagonist, Wang Weiguo, crossed the courtyard to intercept Qin Jingru, then fought with the birds in the courtyard and finally became a figure who stirred up the wind and clouds. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28

List of hosts for the program of college students looking for relatives

In the family search program " Wait for Me," Shu Dong, Li Qiyue, and Zhang Chunwei were the hosts. Shu Dong was the host, while Li Qiyue and Zhang Chunwei were the leaders of the search team and interviewers. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-07-04 00:28
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