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The Birth and Development of the World in Taoism

2026-07-07 13:07
2026-07-07 13:29

The concept of the birth and development of the world in Taoism was influenced in many ways. In terms of the theory of the creation of Yin and Yang, the Taiping Sutra followed the viewpoint of "one life gives birth to two, two gives birth to three, and three gives birth to all things" as described in Lao Tzu. This was different from the Confucianists 'view of "Tai Chi gives birth to the Two Elements, the Two Elements give birth to the Four Images, and the Four Images give birth to the Eight Trigrams". The origin of Taoism was closely related to Taiping Jing. Under the influence of Confucianism's integration of heaven and man, Taiping Jing was mixed with health preservation, immortals, talisman water, and other contents. It was also embellished with the Taoist view of the universe. In the theory of Yin and Yang Disasters, he inherited the Confucian concept of the unity of heaven and man and complicated it, designing a political system of "man imitating heaven and earth". At the same time, he absorbed the concept of shamanism to create a polytheistic system, extending the theory of cultivating Tao and becoming an immortal. His immortal system included gods, true people, immortals, Taoists, saints, sages, etc. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Jiao was influenced by the Taiping Jing to establish Taiping Road. At first, he used the talisman water to cure diseases and preach. Later, he developed into a militarized organization to oppose the rule of the Han Dynasty. After being suppressed, he fell into a low point. At the same time, Zhang Xiu was promoting Taoism in the name of curing diseases in Hanzhong area of Shaanxi Province. He prayed to cure diseases through spells. His organization was called "Five Buckets of Rice Sect" because it charged five buckets of rice per person. The organization was relatively crude. After Zhang Lu killed Zhang Xiu, he relied on his foundation to establish China's first theocratic regime. He called himself "Shijun", and the members were divided into "ghost soldiers" and "sacrificial wine". Later, he claimed that Zhang Ling was his grandfather (namely Zhang Daoling, regarded as the founder of Taoism, Zhang Tianshi). After he was incorporated by Cao Cao, the Wudou Rice Sect was preserved in the form of "Tianshi Taoism". Ge Hong had made great contributions to the development of Taoism in the Western Jin Dynasty. Previously, he had mainly been cultivating by drawing talismans and incantations. After that, high-level Taoist priests began to cultivate by refining pills. Ge Hong advocated the dual cultivation of Confucianism and Taoism, demanding obedience to the relationship between monarch and minister, removing the part of mass movement in Taoism, and making Taoism move toward the upper class of the ruling class. It formed a religion that the upper class and literati participated in and divided into several schools. In the Northern Dynasty, Kou Qianzhi established the Tianshi Sect on the basis of the Five Buckets of Rice Sect, with Taishang Laojun as the highest god. In the Southern Dynasty, the Tianshi Sect was divided into two branches. The Lingbao Sect established by Lu Xiujing (Southern Tianshi Sect) had Lingbao Tianzun as the highest god. The Shangqing Tianzun Sect established by Tao Hongjing (Maoshan Sect) had Shangqing Tianzun as the highest god. In the Northern Dynasty, the Tianshi Sect and Lingbao Sect had a clear tendency to enter the secular world, while the Shangqing Sect pursued the secular world and paid attention to personal cultivation. While waiting for the TV series, you can also click on the link below to read the classic original work of "Dafeng Nightwatchman"!

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