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Bird Relics

2026-09-04 01:09
2026-09-04 05:15

The following is an introduction to some bird relics: ** I. Bird Relics in Dongyi Culture ** 1. ** Late Dawenkou culture, big mouth ** - Unearthed from the southeast site of Yuzhuang, Ningyang County, Tai 'an City in 2018, with a diameter of 32 and a height of 62 cm. There was a combination of engraved symbols (which could be called "image characters") at the bottom of the mouth on one side. It was composed of the "sun" on the top, the "mountain" on the bottom, and the birds flying towards the sun in the middle. It was temporarily identified as the combination of the words "Sun Bird Mountain". 2. ** Merchant's owl, copper beam ** - Unearthed from the Daxinzhuang site in Jinan in 2010 - 2011. 16.1 cm in length, 12.5 cm in width, 18.0 cm in height, 3.19 cm in width, 6.83 cm in length, 2.48 cm in diameter, and 2.056 kg in weight (including liquid). The whole vessel is oval in shape, with a big mouth, a cover as the head, a vessel as the body, a rope pattern lifting beam, the cover and the body as the mother and son mouth, and a mushroom shaped column button on the top of the cover. They looked like two owls with their backs facing each other. They had round eyes, hooked beaks, and thick legs. Their stomachs were decorated with carvings of cloud patterns to outline their wings. The patterns were a combination of various carving techniques, and the shape was agile and exquisite. In the Shang Dynasty, owls were revered as the symbol of the God of War. Artifacts with owl patterns were national treasures of the Shang Dynasty, which also reflected the importance of the Daxinzhuang site in Jinan. 3. ** Shang Phoenix Bird Pattern Bronze Zhi ** - Unearthed from the Daxinzhuang site in Jinan in 2010 - 2011. This was a common drinking vessel and ritual vessel during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and it was cast in the late Shang Dynasty. The design was small and exquisite, and the lines were beautiful and smooth. The phoenix pattern was commonly seen in bronze ware as the main pattern, indicating that the phoenix worship was deeply rooted in people's hearts at that time. The owner of the tomb who used the exquisite bronze ware had a noble status. 4. ** Shang Peacock Stone Bird Ornaments ** - Unearthed from Liujia Village in Jinan in 2010 - 2011. It was 3.8 cm long, 3.0 cm wide, 0.8 cm thick, and weighed 26 grams. It was made of a peacock stone, and its entire body was green and polished. The ring-shaped patterns were clear like peacock tail feathers. It was flat and bird-shaped. It had a big head, a sharp beak, and round eyes. Its wings were spread out and decorated with cloud patterns. Its tail was divided and there were several Yin lines on the tail to represent feathers. It might be the favorite object of the tomb owner when he was alive, or it might be a symbol of the clan emblem or a seal that symbolized military power. 5. ** Painted pottery bucket of the Warring States Period ** - Unearthed from the Sunjiadong site in Zhangqiu, Jinan in 2018. Total length 19.5 cm, total width 9.5 cm, height 10 cm, caliber 8.5 cm, base diameter 7.5 cm, bird head 3.1 cm, handle length 7.5 cm, handle width 4.4 - 5.5 cm. The mouth of the bucket is closed, the lips are square, the abdomen is folded, and the ring foot is higher. The upper part of the abdomen on one side is a three-dimensional bird head, and the opposite side is a wide and long ladder-shaped cranked tail. The body of the vessel is decorated with red color. The bird head is painted with the outline of the head and round eyes. The upper abdomen of the bucket is painted with triangular thunder patterns, and the tail is painted with grid patterns. The whole vessel is in the shape of a bird. The shape is three-dimensional and vivid. At present, the name of the vessel has not been determined. It is temporarily called "Douxing Vessel", which can also be called Jue or Zan. It is a long-handled wine (water) vessel with a head. ** 2. Bird Relics in Qin Culture ** 1. ** Bird-shaped Gold Flake Unearthed from the Tomb of Duke Qin of Dabaozi Mountain ** - Unearthed from the tomb of Qin Gong in the late Western Zhou Dynasty at Dabaozi Mountain (cultural relics were recovered after being stolen). Its original function cannot be determined. It is speculated that it is an ornament on the chariot. According to the bird pattern, it had a hook-shaped beak and was named the owl or the bird of prey. The owl was an owl that hid during the day and came out at night. It was considered magical in Shang culture. The hawk was a raptor like the hawk. It moved quickly and was cruel by nature. The Qin people decorated his image on the chariots and horses, probably because they wanted to use his mighty divine power to win. 2. ** Qin Culture Golden Crow Image Relics ** - Unearthed in the Baoji area, there is a three-legged bird on the bronze ware, which is the Golden Crow (also known as Yang Wu or three-legged). The Golden Crow comes from the crow. Crows were intelligent, and they worked together in groups. They didn't fight for food and were worshipped by the ancients. In addition, the surface of the Western Zhou's lifting beam You unearthed from the tomb of Shigu Mountain in Baoji in Zhou culture was mainly decorated with bird patterns, which had a profound influence on the bird-shaped patterns on the cultural relics of the early Qin culture. The bird-shaped cultural relics of the Qin people were produced under the joint effect of the bird cultures of Yin Shang, Dongyi and Western Zhou. Read more exciting novels for free

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On Jade Artifacts of Yuan Dynasty

The Yuan Dynasty (1271 - 1368) was a powerful empire established by the Mongolians. Its jade ware had the following characteristics: ** 1. Production Center and Production Management ** 1. ** Production Center ** - Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, set up the Gold and Jade General Manager Office in Hangzhou, which was under the jurisdiction of thousands of skilled jade carving craftsmen in the south. He made Dadu in the north (now Beijing) and Hangzhou in the south become the production center of jade carvings in the north and south. 2. ** Production Management ** - The official jade production center was strictly managed. It specialized in providing jade for the royal family. It mainly produced large-scale fine jade carvings, precious jade carvings, and large-scale jade mountains that could reflect the achievements of the Yuan Dynasty jade carvings. Their decorative patterns, carving methods, and production techniques were quite exquisite. They had the characteristics and style of the Yuan Dynasty jade carvings. Moreover, the number of carved jade carvings was considerable and widely used. According to the regulations, the small jade carving workshops were only allowed to make decorative jade articles and small jade articles. ** 2. Type and Representative Jade Artifacts ** 1. ** A wide variety ** - There were jade seas (such as the jade sea of Dushan Mountain), jade hat tops (such as jade hat tops carved with double dragon patterns, jade hat tops carved with lioness patterns, jade hat tops carved with human patterns, etc.), jade belt rings (such as jade dragon belt rings with white jade beads), jade stove tops (such as white jade carved human stove tops), jade walls (such as jade walls with phoenix and peony patterns), jade rings (such as jade rings with dragon patterns), jade books, and many other types. 2. ** Representative Jade ** - [Dushan Mountain Jade Sea] was a type of jade carving object that belonged to the Jade Sea category. Its history could be traced back to the Shang Dynasty. In ancient times, it was used as a ritual vessel to represent good fortune and power. The jade carving technique was complicated. It required the selection of high-quality jade raw materials and then carving and polishing. When making, factors such as the texture, color, and texture of the jade had to be considered. It had extremely high artistic value and collection value. - ** Yuan carved double dragon pattern jade hat top **: It is a kind of jade hat top among jade carving objects. Its history can be traced back to the 13th century. In ancient times, it was used as a noble costume to represent noble status and noble status. It uses the hollowed-out carving technique and has a fine craftsmanship. It chooses high-quality jade raw materials for carving and polishing. The shape is exquisite and the carving is exquisite. It has a high artistic value and collection value. - ** White jade bead pattern cloud dragon ring **: It is a jade ring jade carving object. Its history can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. In ancient times, it was a noble's clothing item, representing noble status and noble status. The craftsmanship was exquisite, and high-quality white jade was selected to be carved and polished. The shape was simple and elegant, and the carving was exquisite. It had a high historical and cultural significance. ** 3. Craftsmanship ** 1. ** Drawn by literati painting ** - Craftsmanship was influenced by the well-developed literati paintings. 2. ** Combination of various crafts ** - For example, the top of the jade hat with figure patterns was a combination of round carving, open carving and flat carving, and there were obvious traces of pipe drilling, which was unique to the Yuan Dynasty. The top of the jade hat with dragon patterns was a combination of multi-layer open carving, round carving and flat carving. The craftsmen also used the color of jade skin to carve leaves and flowers, which was one of the typical works of the Yuan Dynasty. ** 4. Art Value and Collection Value ** - Many of the jade works in the Yuan Dynasty had very high artistic value and collection value. For example, the jade sea of Dushan Mountain had exquisite carving skills and beautiful shapes, and the jade hat top of the Yuan Dynasty had exquisite shapes and exquisite carvings. They all had very high historical and cultural significance. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-09-10 08:05

Jade ware of Ulungu Lake

The jade articles in Lake Urungu were as follows: There was golden silk jade in Ulungu Lake. It was also known as Yadan jade or colored jade. It was a product of wind erosion in the Gobi Desert. Its texture was mostly quartzite. Its Mohs hardness was 6.8 - 7.2. It was translucent and commonly had a uniform transition of yellow, white, and red. It was divided into two types: Gobi Pebbles and Wind Edge Gobi Jade. The Gobi pebbles were round in shape, large in size, smooth in skin, and strong in jade texture. They were scattered in the Gobi Desert. Some seeds were decorated with black veins or spots on the surface to form patterns. Those with fine quality, positive color, and full shape were top grade. This kind of stone has a good texture, but it is not easy to form. It is mostly used for processing carvings. The quality is not inferior to Yunnan Huanglong Jade. Near the Xiazigai oil field, there was also a kind of jade that was close to the texture of chalcedony. The local stone friends called it "Gem Light". It was small in size and was a rare jade variety. The colors were red, orange, wax yellow, white, etc. It was fine and smooth, and the colors were rich. Each of them was a natural warm shape that was polished by the wind and sand. It was called jade seed material. It was beautiful and elegant without any polishing and carving, and was deeply loved by collectors everywhere. Fuhai County had also held the Ulun Ancient Lake Taobao Festival. The event site had colorful raw gemstones with golden threads, beautiful carvings of golden jades, and colorful gemstone jewelry, which attracted many gem lovers. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

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2026-09-10 08:04
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