Biomedicine sensor interview questions

2026-10-08 06:23

Here are some questions and answers that may appear during the interview for the Biomedicine sensor: ##1. Basic Knowledge 1. * * What are the components of a biochemical sensor? ** - A bio-medical sensor is generally composed of a sensitive component, a conversion component, and a basic conversion circuit. The sensing element can directly sense the biomedical-related physical quantity to be tested and output another physical quantity with a certain relationship; the conversion element can convert the non-electric quantity output by the sensing element into circuit parameters and current or voltage signals; and the basic conversion circuit can convert the electric signal into electric quantity that is convenient for transmission and processing. 2. * * According to the application form, what are the categories of the biochemical sensors? ** - According to the application form, there were implanted sensors, temporary implanted sensors, external sensors, and sensors for external equipment. 3. * * What are the main uses of the biochemical sensor? ** - The first was to detect biological information, such as detecting the pressure in the heart before cardiac surgery, and detecting the blood's stickiness and blood fat content in the basic research of cardiovascular diseases. The second was clinical monitoring. For example, the patient's body temperature, pulse, blood pressure, breathing, heartbeat, and other physiological parameters needed to be continuously measured before and after surgery. The third was control. The detected physiological parameters were used to control the physiological processes of the human body, such as the control of physiological parameters related to electronic prosthetics. 4. * * Explain the components of the biosensors. ** - The biosensors were mainly composed of two parts, the molecular recognition element and the energy sensor. The molecular recognition element performs specific identification on the tested substance, and the energy sensor transforms the chemical reaction produced by the tested substance into an electrical or optical signal that is convenient for transmission. The types of energy sensors include electrochemistry, semiconductor, thermal resistance, surface plasmon, and a piezo crystal. ##2. Attributes 1. * * What are the static characteristics of a biochemical sensor? ** - It mainly had the following characteristics: linear, sensitivity, repetitiveness, and stability. 2. * * What are the main performance requirements for the biochemical sensor? ** - It required high precision, low cost, high sensitivity, reliable operation, good stability, good anti-interference, and good dynamic characteristics. In addition, for sensors used on the human body, safety requirements are high.(Especially for sensors and energy sensors used in the human body), high sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio (high selection), the measures to ensure physical safety are electrical isolation and floating technology; to ensure high chemical safety, non-toxicity, no short-term and long-term cancer effects; to ensure high biological safety, no DNA and DNA mutation; to ensure high selection, resonance effect, filtering technology, self-adaptation technology, molecular recognition and ion recognition technology; Physical, chemical, and biological amplification techniques can be used to ensure high sensitivity. ##3. Theoretice-related Classes 1. What is the working principle of a physical sensor? (Take a physical sensor for biomedicine as an example)** - Biomedicine physical sensors are made of physical properties or physical effects. They are devices that transform physical quantities into electrical quantities that can be recognized by computers. For example, a force sensor uses the physical properties of force to measure weight; a piezo film sensor uses the piezo effect to measure heart rate and breathing patterns; a thermopile sensor measures body temperature based on the thermoelectrical effect. 2. [What is the working principle of the chemical sensor?] - A chemical sensor was a device that converted chemical composition and concentration into electrical quantities that had a precise relationship with it. It mostly used some functional membranes to select specific chemical components to screen out the tested components, and then used an electrochemistry device to turn them into electrical quantities. Generally, it depends on the response mechanism of the membrane, the composition of the membrane, or the structure of the membrane. For example, there are many types such as ion selective electrode-based sensors, which can measure a variety of chemical substances such as K +, Na +, Ca2 +, Ci-, O2, CO2, NH3, H +, Li +, etc. 3. * * What is the working principle of the biosensors? ** - Biosensors use the selective identification and measurement of biological active substances to achieve measurement. The molecular recognition element performs specific identification on the tested substance, and the energy sensor transforms the chemical reaction produced by the tested substance into an electrical or optical signal that is convenient for transmission. For example, the sensor was composed of an immobilized reagent and a basic sensor. The catalyst of the reagent was to accelerate the decomposition of the reagent. The reagent was designed according to the active material produced or consumed by the reagent during the reagent's reaction. The reagent could be measured by a signal conversion method such as a potential method. ##4. Comparisons 1. * * What is the difference between the functions of internal and external sensors? ** - The internal sensors were mainly used to detect the position, speed, force, moment, temperature, and abnormal changes inside the system, while the external sensors were mainly used to detect the external environmental conditions such as touch and pressure. 2. * * According to the nature of the sensor output signal, what are the types of biochemical sensors? What's the difference? - It could be divided into three types: switch type, analogy type, and digital type. The output signal of the switch type sensor is a scattered switch value, such as on or off, with or without simple states; the output of the simulation type sensor is a continuous change of the simulation signal, and the signal size is proportional to the measured; the output of the digital sensor is a digital signal, which has the characteristics of discreteness and strong anti-interference. ##5. Development 1. * * What are the characteristics of biosensors? ** - Biosensors have strong uniqueness because of the specific identification of bio-active substances; high sensitivity, able to detect low concentration of biochemical substances; relatively simple operation, compared with large analytical instruments, the cost of the instrument is relatively low, easy to promote and promote; fast response speed and other characteristics. 2. * * What is the development direction of biosensors? ** - It might be developed in the direction of improving sensitivity and specialization, miniaturized, integrated, and intelligent. For example, improving the performance of the biosensitive membrane and signal translator in the biosensors to enhance sensitivity and specialization; With the development of technology, the size of the sensor will be smaller and miniaturized; Multiple sensors or components with different functions will be integrated together; Combining artificial intelligence algorithms to achieve intelligence, such as the new upgraded enhanced BioActive sensor and upgraded AI algorithm, which improves the accuracy of data monitoring such as exercise, sleep, heart rate, etc. Read more exciting novels for free