Is the initiator of modern literature's spiritual prose Zhou Zuoren or Lin Yutang

It is impossible to determine whether Zhou Zuoren or Lin Yutang was the initiator of modern literature's spiritual prose because these two characters were active in different periods and cultural backgrounds and had different influences on the development of Chinese literature. Zhou Zuoren was one of the important representatives of the Chinese New Culture Movement. He advocated that literature should reflect reality and oppose the ossified and hypocritical old literature. His spiritual prose is a literary form that focuses on personal feelings and emotional expression, emphasizing the autonomy and creativity of literature. Lin Yutang was from an English-speaking country and had extensive influence in the Chinese cultural world. He advocated the "vernacular" movement of modern Chinese literature, which advocated that literature should adapt to the needs of social development and emphasized the practicality and utility of literature. Although Zhou Zuoren and Lin Yutang were both important representatives of modern Chinese literature, their opinions and literary styles were also different, which had a far-reaching impact on the development of Chinese literature.