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What were the views and representative figures of the Hundred Schools of Thought before the Qin Dynasty?

2024-09-16 10:00
The Confucians: Daoists: Wealth: The Mo Family:
2024-09-16 10:07

The Hundred Schools of Thought in the Pre-Qin Period referred to the Warring States Period between 770 B.C. and 221 B.C., which included Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, Legalism, Famous School, Military School, Yin-Yang School, Political School, Eclectics, and so on. The following are the main views and representatives of the various schools of thought in the pre-Qin period: 1. Confucianism: Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi. Confucianism emphasized the moral cultivation and interpersonal relationships of humans, advocating values such as benevolence, etiquette, loyalty, and filial piety. 2. Taoism: The representative figures are Laozi and Zhuangzi. Taoism emphasized the laws of nature and the laws of the universe, advocating concepts such as "governing by inaction" and "following nature". 3. Mohism: Mozi is the representative figure. Mohism emphasized universal love, non-aggression, frugality, and other concepts. It advocated justice, fairness, and honesty as the criteria to oppose war and waste. Legalism: Han Fei and Shang Yang. Legalism emphasized the authority and fairness of law, advocated strict laws, clear rewards and punishments, and compulsory rule. 5 Famous People: Hui Shi and Gongsun Long were the representatives. Famous scholars emphasized debate and the problem of name and reality, claiming that "name" referred to the name of things, and "reality" referred to the actual existence of things. They advocated debating "name" against "reality". 6. Military strategists: Sun Tzu and Wu Zi were the representatives. Military strategists emphasized the strategy and tactics of war, advocating winning with fewer people and winning by surprise. 7 Yin-Yang School: The representative was Xu Xing, the author of the Yin-Yang School's Tui Bei Tu. The School of Yin Yang emphasized the dual nature of all things in the universe and advocated the concept of complementation of Yin and Yang and the mutual generation of the five elements. 8. Political strategists: the representative figures are Su Qin and Zhang Yi. The strategists emphasized diplomacy and war techniques, and advocated achieving their goals through diplomacy and expanding their influence through war.

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