The description of the social environment was an important element of the novel. It mainly showed the social background and atmosphere of the characters through the description of the social environment, so as to provide readers with an understanding and prediction of the story. The main functions of describing the social environment were as follows: 1. Description of the background: The description of the social environment can let the reader know the time, place, social background and other information of the story to help the reader better understand the story. The description of the social environment can describe the environment, scenery, atmosphere, etc. of the character to exaggerate the atmosphere of the story so that the reader can feel the tension, depression, joy and other emotions in the story. 3. Driving the plot: The description of the social environment can provide the background and conditions for the development of the story. Through the changes in the social environment, it can promote the ups and downs of the story, such as the fate of the characters and the emergence of conflicts. 4. Revealing human nature: The description of social environment can reveal the character, thoughts, behavior, etc. Through the performance of the characters in the social environment, it can reveal their essence and characteristics. The description of the social environment is an important element in the novel. It plays an important role in understanding the plot, feeling the emotions of the characters, and exploring human nature.