Reflection on the nursing of cor pulmonaleThe nursing of cor pulmonale required reflection from many aspects:
** 1. Basic nursing care **
1. ** Postures and Skin Care **
- For patients with cor pulmonale who have been bedridden for a long time, it is necessary to consider whether to pay enough attention to the prevention of bedsores. For example, whether it was guaranteed that the patient would be massaged every four hours or that the patient would be given an air mattress in time. Whether the operation of applying cotton pads or balloons to the bony process was in place, whether the buttocks were washed with warm water every morning and evening, and whether the work of turning over and changing clothes was completed as required. If the patient developed bedsores, they would need to reflect on which part of the surgery was not done well.
2. ** oral care and nutrition supply **
- In terms of oral care, it was important to reflect on whether the patient's oral cavity was clean, which was very important to prevent complications such as infection. In terms of nutrition supply, they had to consider whether they had provided sufficient nutrition to the patient, whether they had followed the principle of moderate intake of high calories, high protein, high vitamins, and easy digestion according to the patient's specific conditions. If the patient was malnourished, it was necessary to consider whether the food selection was inappropriate or the patient's special diet needs were not paid attention to, such as whether the intake of salt and liquid was not reasonably controlled (such as limiting the intake of salt to less than 5 grams and controlling the intake of liquid according to the doctor's advice).
** 2. Treatment of symptoms **
1. ** Dyspnoea and Hypoxia Care **
- When the patient had symptoms of breathing difficulties and oxygen deficiency, they should reflect on whether the low-flow oxygen intake was timely and whether the flow rate was appropriate. If the patient still feels that the difficulty of breathing is worsening, it may be necessary to re-evaluate the oxygen supply method, flow rate, and whether there are other factors that affect breathing, such as whether there is phlegm blocking the respiratory tract.
2. ** Cough and expectoration care **
- For patients with cough and expectoration, they should reflect on whether the supplementary measures provided in the diet are effective, such as recommending apples, grapes, kiwifruit, grapefruit, and other fruits, boiling water with rock sugar, or inhaling treatment. At the same time, whether the operation of turning over and patting the back regularly to promote phlegm discharge was standard and the frequency was sufficient. If the patient has difficulty expectorating or the phlegm is sticky and difficult to cough out, he may need to improve his nursing measures, such as adjusting the inhaled medicine or increasing the number of times he turns over and pats his back.
** 3. Mental care **
- Patients with cor pulmonale often needed psychological support due to physical limitations and a decline in their quality of life. He had to reflect on whether he had given the patient enough psychological care, whether he had understood the patient's psychological state, and whether he had discovered the patient's anxiety, depression, and other negative emotions in time and effectively guided them. If the patient's poor mental state affected the recovery process, it was necessary to strengthen the psychological care work, such as increasing the communication time with the patient and providing more psychological support methods.
** 4. Health Promotion Care **
1. ** Health and Lifestyle Care **
- In terms of health promotion for lung nourishing, it was necessary to reflect on whether the knowledge of drinking more plain water and eating light food to maintain the warmth of the lungs and respiratory tract was fully publicized to patients. Whether to give the patient the correct guidance on how to take deep breaths and smile often to keep the respiratory tract open. If the patient did not follow these healthy lifestyle practices, one had to consider whether it was due to insufficient publicity and education, or whether the patient was not supervised.
2. ** Physical training and nursing **
- In terms of physical exercise, it was necessary to reflect on whether a suitable physical exercise plan was formulated according to the patient's physical condition to increase lung capacity and improve lung function. If the patient did not do proper physical exercise, it was necessary to consider whether it was because the patient did not provide suitable exercise suggestions or because the patient had fear and other factors.
3. ** Smoking and Drinking Abstinence Care **
- If the patient is still smoking or is exposed to second-hand smoke, reflect on whether the patient has been effectively educated on quitting smoking and whether sufficient smoking quitting support measures have been provided, such as whether the patient has been informed of the importance of quitting smoking and alcohol for the recovery of cor pulmonale.
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Wei Lai et5The ET5 was the second sedan after the flagship model, the ET7, and the fifth mass-produced model. It was a mid-sized luxury car. It was released on December 18,2021. The pre-production vehicles went offline on August 24,2022. The first batch of mass-produced vehicles was delivered to users on September 30th. There was a recall in January 2023. The first batch of users was delivered in Germany, Norway, the Netherlands and Sweden on April 4,2023.
In terms of cost, compared to the Audi A4L, the electric cost of the electric streetcar ET5 was lower, less than 2,000 yuan per year, while the Audi A4L's fuel cost was just over 10,000 yuan (about 8L per 100 kilometers, 15,000 kilometers per year). The insurance fee for the ET5 was 6,000 yuan per year, and the Audi A4L was just over 4,000 yuan per year. However, there was no purchase tax for the ET5. In terms of maintenance, the Audi A4L's minor maintenance cost 1000 - 1500 yuan, and the major maintenance cost 2500 - 4000 yuan. The ET5 only needed to change the gear box oil, brake fluid, and cooling fluid every 200,000 kilometers. The maintenance cost was almost negligible.
Its shortcomings included: sitting posture was too high even if it was adjusted to the lowest, which made it uncomfortable to look at the screen and navigate; The rear view of the central rearview mirror was small; there was no front spare box and the cabin cover was not protected; the center of gravity was too high in terms of power, and there was a feeling of jumping in the undulating road; Wind noise would be transmitted into the car at speeds above 110 (related to frameless doors and front and rear single-layer glass).
In terms of power system, the ET5 series adopted a four-wheel drive dual-motor chassis architecture, with a total power of 360 Kilowatts, a peak moment of 700 Newton, and a zero-hundred acceleration of about 3.6 - 4 seconds. The dynamic characteristics were different under different driving modes. The 2024 100kWh version of the auxiliary driving level L2 (L3 is available), pure battery life of 710km, front + rear motor layout. The 75-degree battery version of the test car had 490 horsepower with dual engines. It had its own characteristics such as power response, chassis performance, and steering feel under different driving modes. The car's exterior design was unique and high-class, and the interior assembly process was good. The logic of the car system menu was easy to use and smooth, but the front row ergonomics had the problem of sitting too high. On June 15, 2023, the travel edition of the NIO5 was released, starting at 298,000 yuan. In August 2023, it was officially renamed as the ET 5T.
"A Short History of the Future: Legends of the Intelligent Era" was equally exciting. Everyone was welcome to click and read it!
Pour l’instant l’histoire est vraiment prenante et les personnages principaux sont bien décrits hâte de lire la suite !