The Four Sages, Ten Sages and Seventy-Two Sages of the Confucian TempleThe Four Sages in the Confucian Temple were the Four Sages of Confucius, also known as the Four Matrixes of Confucius. They referred to Yan Hui, Zeng Shen, Meng Ke, and Kong Ji, who were worshiped in the Confucian Temple. Yan Hui was honored as the "Fusheng" and was the first person to enter the Confucius Temple to enjoy the honor; Zeng Can was honored as the "Zongsheng"; Meng Ke was honored as the "Secondary Saint"; and Kong Ji was honored as the "Shusheng".
The Ten Confucianists were the ten early Confucianists and the ten disciples that Confucius was most proud of. They were Yan Zi, Zi Qian, Bo Niu, Zhong Gong, Zi You, Zi Gong, Zi Lu, Zi Wo, Zi You, and Zi Xia. According to these ten disciples, Confucius divided them into four subjects: Virtue (Yan Yuan, Min Ziqian, Ran Boniu, Zhong Gong), Political Affairs (You You, Zi Lu), Literature (Zi You, Zi Xia), and Language (Zai Wo, Zi Gong).
"The Seventy-two Sages of Confucius" referred to the seventy-two sages among the 3,000 disciples of Confucius. The Ten Wise Men were included in this list, and Yan Hui was ranked first among them. In the Confucian Temple, the left and right sides of the statue of Confucius were the "Four Matrixes"(Zeng Shen, Yan Hui, Si Si, and Meng Ke). On the east and west altars were the "Ten Sages". The east and west side halls were dedicated to the seventy-two sages.
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The Four Sages, Ten Sages, and Seventy-Two Generals of the Martial TempleIn the military temple, the sage king was Jiang Taigong, King of Wucheng. The second saint is Zhang Liang.
The ten sages included Bai Qi, Han Xin, Zhuge Liang, Li Jing, Li Ji, Zhang Liang, Sima Rangju, Sun Wu, Wu Qi and Yue Yi.
The seventy-two generals were Guan Zhong, Sun Wu, Yue Yi, Zhuge Liang, Li Ji, Tian Rangju, Fan Li, Han Xin, Li Jing, Guo Ziyi, Bai Qi, Sun Bin, Lian Po, Li Mu, Cao Shen, Zhou Bo, Li Guang, Huo Qubing, Deng Yu, Feng Yi, Wu Han, Ma Yuan, Huangfu Song, Deng Ai, Zhang Fei, Lu Meng, Lu Kang, Du Yu, Tao Kan, Murong Ke, Yuwen Xian, Wei Xiaokuan, Yang Su, He Ruobi, Li Xiaogong, Su Dingfang, Wang Xiaojie, Wang Wei, Li Guangbi, Wu Qi, Tian Dan, Zhao She, Wang Jian, Peng Yue. Zhou Yafu, Wei Qing, Zhao Chongguo, Kou Xun, Jia Fu, Geng Yan, Duan Wei, Zhang Liao, Guan Yu, Zhou Yu, Lu Xun, Yang Hu, Wang Jun, Xie Xuan, Wang Meng, Wang Zhen 'e, Lu Luguang, Wang Sengbian, Yu Jin, Wu Mingche, Han Qinhu, Shi Wansui, Yuchi Jingde, Pei Xingjian, Zhang Rendan, Guo Yuanzhen, Li Sheng, etc. The worship of the Martial Temple was first popular in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty honored Jiang Taigong as King Wucheng and established the Temple of King Wucheng (referred to as the Martial Temple), with Zhang Liang as the sacrificial partner, and the Ten Sages and 64 generals from ancient and modern times as followers. In the Song Dynasty, Jiang Taigong was honored as the main god of the Martial Temple, and he was posthumously named King Wucheng of Zhaolie, adding 72 generals from ancient and modern times as followers. In the Yuan Dynasty, Jiang Taigong was the main god of the Martial Temple, but the number of famous generals from the temple was greatly reduced. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty honored Guan Yu as the master god of the martial temple and established the Guandi Temple.
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Who are the four saints, ten sages, and seventy-two sons of the Confucian Temple?The four sages in the Confucian Temple were Yan Hui, Zengzi, Zisi, and Mencius. The Ten Sages of Confucius were the ten disciples that Confucius was most proud of. They were Yan Zi, Zi Qian, Bo Niu, Zhong Gong, Zi You, Zi Gong, Zi Lu, Zi Wo, Zi You, and Zi Xia. During the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, the number of followers increased to ten sages, seventy-two sons and twenty-one sages, but the exact information about the specific characters of the seventy-two sons was not found.
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List of the Four Sages, Ten Sages, and Seventy-Two Generals of the Martial TempleThe sage-king of the Martial Temple was Jiang Taigong, King of Wucheng, and the second sage-king was Zhang Liang.
The ten sages were Bai Qi, Han Xin, Zhuge Liang, Li Jing, Li Ji, Zhang Liang, Sima Rangju, Sun Wu, Wu Qi and Yue Yi.
The seventy-two generals were Guan Zhong, Sun Wu, Yue Yi, Zhuge Liang, Li Ji, Tian Rangju, Fan Li, Han Xin, Li Jing, Guo Ziyi, Bai Qi, Sun Bin, Lian Po, Li Mu, Cao Shen, Zhou Bo, Li Guang, Huo Qubing, Deng Yu, Feng Yi, Wu Han, Ma Yuan, Huangfu Song, Deng Ai, Zhang Fei, Lu Meng, Lu Kang, Du Yu, Tao Kan, Murong Ke, Yuwen Xian, Wei Xiaokuan, Yang Su, He Ruobi, Li Xiaogong, Su Dingfang, Wang Xiaojie, Wang Wei, Li Guangbi, Wu Qi, Tian Dan, Zhao She, Wang Jian, Peng Yue. Zhou Yafu, Wei Qing, Zhao Chongguo, Kou Xun, Jia Fu, Geng Yan, Duan Wei, Zhang Liao, Guan Yu, Zhou Yu, Lu Xun, Yang Hu, Wang Jun, Xie Xuan, Wang Meng, Wang Zhen 'e, Lu Luguang, Wang Sengbian, Yu Jin, Wu Mingche, Han Qinhu, Shi Wansui, Yuchi Jingde, Pei Xingjian, Zhang Rendan, Guo Yuanzhen, Li Sheng, etc.(The above is only a partial list of 72 generals).
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