The law of ocean currentsThe reaction of ocean currents was as follows:
1. ** The middle and low-latitude circulation law with the subtropics as the center **: In the tropical and sub-tropical sea areas (middle and low-latitude), the oceanic circulation with the sub-tropical sea area (30°) as the center is formed. The northern hemisphere flows clockwise, with cold currents in the eastern part of the ocean and warm currents in the western part. The southern hemisphere flows counterclockwise, with cold currents in the eastern part of the ocean and warm currents in the western part.
2. ** The mid-high latitude circulation law with the subpolar region as the center **: In the mid-high latitude sea area, an oceanic circulation centered at 60° is formed. The northern hemisphere flows counterclockwise. The eastern part of the ocean is warm and the western part is cold. The mid-high latitude area of the southern hemisphere is surrounded by the west wind.
3. ** The law of the oceanic currents around the Antarctic continent **: Around the Antarctic continent, there is a flow of the west wind and the Antarctic circumpolar circulation.
4. ** Northern Indian Ocean Monsoon Circulation Law **: The Northern Indian Ocean Monsoon Circulation presents the law of adverse winter and smooth summer.
In addition, the ocean currents also had different rules:
1. Wind current law: Wind current is one of the main causes of ocean currents. It is mainly formed by the trade winds and the prevalent winds blowing the seawater all year round. Most of the ocean currents flowing in the east and west direction were wind currents, such as the north-south equator warm current, the north Pacific warm current, the north Atlantic warm current, the western wind drift in the southern hemisphere, and the northern Indian Ocean's monsoonal current.
2. ** Compensating flow law **: Compensating flow is mainly caused by the sea level being lower than other places after the seawater flows away, and the seawater from other places flows to supplement the ocean current. Most of the ocean currents flowing in the north-south direction were related to the compensation effect, such as the cold current in Mexico, the warm current in Japan, and the cold current in the Thousand Islands. There were horizontal and vertical compensation flows. The vertical compensation current was divided into two types: upwelling and downwelling. The upwelling was often formed in the west coast of the continent under the control of the wind belt due to the prevalent off-shore wind, such as the cold current in Mexico, the cold current in Benguela, and the cold current in Canary.
3. ** Law of density flow **: It is formed due to the difference in the density of seawater in two relatively closed sea areas. For example, the density currents on the east and west sides of the Strait of Buffalo were affected by the climate of the Mediterranean Sea. The Mediterranean Sea evaporated vigorously, and there were no large rivers flowing into the surrounding area. The seawater was high in saltiness and density, and the water level was low.
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The circulation of ocean currents on the greenhouse earthIn the greenhouse Earth state, the ocean current cycle had its own unique characteristics.
** 1. Formation mechanism **
1. ** Driven by the wind **
- The wind belts in the atmospheric circulation (such as the trade wind belt, the westerly wind belt, etc.) interacted with the surface of the ocean to drive the flow of seawater to form surface currents. For example, the northeast and southeast trade winds near the equator pushed the seawater westward, forming the North and South Equator Warm Current. Under the continuous effect of the wind, a global ocean circulation system was formed.
2. ** The difference in temperature and salinities **
- The temperature and saltiness of the seawater affected its density, causing the seawater to flow. When he was in the greenhouse, the global rainfall and evaporating were inconsistent, resulting in differences in ocean salinities in different regions. The density difference caused by salinities became the main formation mechanism of deep water. In the high latitudes, the temperature of the sea water was lower, the salinities were higher, and the density was higher; in the low latitudes, the temperature of the sea water was higher, the salinities were lower, and the density was lower. This difference in density caused the sea water to form a circulation in the vertical direction. The cold and heavy sea water sank, and the warm and light sea water rose. The sinking sea water flowed from the bottom of the ocean to the low latitudes, and the rising sea water flowed from the surface to the high latitudes, forming a cycle of deep ocean currents and surface ocean currents.
3. ** The influence of the Earth's rotation **
- The earth's rotation produces a gravitational force that has an important impact on the direction and path of ocean currents. The objects moving in the northern hemisphere were deflected to the right, and the objects moving in the southern hemisphere were deflected to the left, causing the ocean currents in the northern hemisphere to show a clockwise circulation, while the ocean currents in the southern hemisphere showed a counterclockwise circulation.
** 2. Main Ocean Current System **
1. ** Equator Ocean Current System **
- It was composed of the North Equator Warm Current, the South Equator Warm Current, and the Equator Countercurrent. Driven by the trade winds, the North and South Equator Warm Current flowed westward along the north and south of the equator respectively. When the two met near the equator, they formed an equator current that flowed from west to east due to the accumulation and compensation of seawater. The system was of great significance in terms of heat transport, climate, and ecological environment in the surrounding areas. For example, the tropical rainforest climate in the equator was affected by the tropical warm current, and the warm and humid climate provided a good environment for biological species.
2. ** Drifting in the west wind **
- It was located in the middle and high latitudes of the southern hemisphere. It was a powerful ocean current formed by the prevalent westerly wind. Due to the lack of land in the middle and high latitudes of the southern hemisphere, the west wind could flow around the earth. The water temperature was low, which had a cooling effect on the surrounding climate. For example, the Patagonia Plateau in southern South America was affected by the cold and dry climate, forming large deserts and grasslands.
3. ** Gulfstream and Kuroshio (important ocean currents in the mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere)**
- The Gulf Stream was a powerful warm current in the North Atlantic Ocean. It originated in the Gulf of Mexico and flowed northward along the east coast of the United States. It then transported a large amount of heat and water vapor across the Atlantic Ocean to western Europe. (Although the data did not mention the special situation of the Blacktide under the greenhouse earth, it can be speculated that it has a corresponding role and function in the overall ocean circulation system.)
In addition, during the late cretaceous period to the early evolution of the Atlantic Ocean (similar to the greenhouse state), the deep water of the ocean could not be forever flowing. There would inevitably be deep water forming to replace the original deep water positions. The density difference caused by saltiness became the main deep-water formation mechanism, and the thermohaline circulation was strong, which could transfer heat from low latitudes to high latitudes efficiently.
histoire passionnante qui nous fait vivre dans la peau des personnages....mais parfois les noms des personnages sont inversé ...fautes de frappe ou traduction ?