February 18, 2023 | Part II

Sequels and adaptations

Main articles: Back to the Future (franchise), Back to the Future Part II, and Back to the Future Part III

A sequel was not initially planned, and the teaser ending of Doc, Marty, and Jennifer flying off in the DeLorean suggested their adventures would continue off-screen.[88] Universal Pictures was eager to pursue a sequel based on the significant financial and critical success of Back to the Future. However, Zemeckis and Gale were reluctant to participate, believing sequels often retreaded the best elements of the original film. They were also concerned that a poor follow-up could alienate Back to the Future's passionate fan base, and undermine the pair after their first major joint success. Zemeckis and Gale acquiesced by 1987, once Universal Pictures clarified they would, if necessary, make a sequel without them.[280] The pair's sequel script was so long it was split into two films, Back to the Future Part II (1989) and Back to the Future Part III (1990); the films were shot back to back.[14][281]

Part II depicts Marty and Doc traveling to 2015, inadvertently enabling the now-elderly Biff Tannen to steal the DeLorean and return to 1955, rewriting history in his favor.[281] Wells and Glover did not return for the sequels.[o] Part II was a financial success but was criticized for its complex, convoluted narrative.[283] Zemeckis has said it is his least favorite film in the series.[281] The final film, Part III follows Marty as he travels to 1885 to rescue a time-stranded Doc.[284] While the film fared less well financially than the two earlier films, it was more critically well-received than Part II.[283] A 2018 poll by The Hollywood Reporter of 2,200 people found 71 percent wanted a Back to the Future sequel, ahead of another Toy Story or Indiana Jones film.[285] Gale has said there will never be a fourth film, likening it to "selling your kids into prostitution". He added a Back to the Future film could never happen without Fox, who could not participate because of the effects of his Parkinson's disease.[286][287]

An animated television series, Back to the Future, aired on CBS between 1991 and 1992. It follows Doc's and Marty's adventures through various historical periods, intercut with live-action segments featuring Doc (Lloyd), performing science experiments alongside Bill Nye.[183] A short film, Doc Brown Saves the World (2015), celebrated the film's 30th anniversary. Lloyd reprised his role as Doc, who must travel to the future to prevent a nuclear holocaust in 2045.[288] A musical theater production, Back to the Future, debuted in February 2020 at the Manchester Opera House, England, to positive reviews. The musical was written by Gale and Zemeckis, with music written by Silvestri and Glen Ballard.[289][290][291] Gale described it as the best way to give fans more Back to the Future without adding to the film series.[286] Overall, the Back to the Future franchise is considered one of the most successful film franchises in history.[19][189]

References

Notes

As depicted in Back to the Future Part II (1989).

Attributed to multiple references:[14][15][16][17]

Attributed to multiple references:[9][14][22][26]

Attributed to multiple references:[7][16][24][33][36][37][38][39]

The 1985 United States and Canada box office gross of $210.6 million is equivalent to $531 million in 2021.

The estimated returns to the studio from the United States and Canada box office gross is $105.5 million, equivalent to $266 million in 2021.

The 1985 worldwide box office gross of $170.5 million is equivalent to $430 million in 2021.

The 1985 worldwide box office gross of $381.1 million is equivalent to $960 million in 2021.

Attributed to multiple references:[141][145][147][149]

Attributed to multiple references:[19][139][165]

Attributed to multiple references:[57][203][204][205]

Attributed to multiple references:[11][185][192][230][231]

Attributed to multiple references:[243][244][245][246][247][248][249][250][251][252][253][254]

Attributed to multiple references:[255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262][263][264][265][266][267][268][269]

Attributed to multiple references:[7][45][185][282]

Citations

Levy, Emanuel (October 2, 2015). "Back To The Future: Revisiting 1985's Most Popular Film, Directed By Robert Zemeckis And Starring Michael J. Fox". Emanuellevy.com. Archived from the original on May 10, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2022.

Turner, George E. (March 20, 2020). "Back To The Future: Wheels On Fire". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.

Loynd, Ray (June 25, 1985). "Film Review: Back To The Future". Variety. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2020.

Cipriani, Casey (July 23, 2020). "Marty McFly's Entire Backstory Explained". Looper.com. Archived from the original on October 9, 2020. Retrieved October 9, 2020.

Maslin, Janet (July 3, 1985). "The Screen: In Future, Boy Returns To The Past". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 21, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

della Cava, Marco (October 20, 2015). "Huey Lewis Almost Passed On Going Back To The Future". USA Today. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved September 7, 2020.

Chacksfield, Marc (May 10, 2020). "Back To The Future facts: 20 Things You (Probably) Didn't Know". ShortList. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved September 7, 2020.

"Back To The Future". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on June 24, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2020.

Holleran, Scott (November 18, 2003). "Brain Storm: An Interview With Bob Gale". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved September 8, 2020.

Koknow, David (June 9, 2015). "How Back To The Future Almost Didn't Get Made". Esquire. Archived from the original on July 26, 2016. Retrieved July 14, 2016.

Bahiana, Ana Maria (October 21, 2015). "An Oral History Of Back To The Future, By Robert Zemeckis". Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Archived from the original on June 24, 2019. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

Fein, Esther B. (July 21, 1985). "Three New Films: From Vision To Reality". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 25, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 12.

Gilbey, Ryan (August 25, 2014). "How We Made Back To The Future". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 15, 2016. Retrieved July 14, 2016.

Sciretta, Peter (July 15, 2009). "How Back To The Future Almost Nuked The Fridge". Slashfilm. Archived from the original on August 4, 2012. Retrieved September 10, 2020.

Lussier, Germain (July 29, 2020). "Jon Cryer And Ben Stiller Auditioned For A Very Different Back To The Future". io9. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Chitwood, Adam (October 19, 2020). "How the Original Back To The Future Ending Inspired Indiana Jones 4". Collider. Archived from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.

Chacksfield, Marc (October 20, 2014). ""Back To The Future Wouldn't Have Been The Same Without Spielberg"". ShortList. Archived from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved September 7, 2020.

Hanks, Henry (October 26, 2010). "Going Back To The Future, 25 Years Later". CNN. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Maslin, Janet (June 28, 1985). "At The Movies". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 22, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

Gaines 2015, pp. 12, 13.

Friendly, David T. (June 27, 1985). "Zemeckis' Future In High Gear". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 13.

Anders, Charlie Jane (June 17, 2015). "11 Incredible Secrets About The Making Of Back To The Future". io9. Archived from the original on February 29, 2020. Retrieved September 15, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 14.

Gaines 2015, pp. 15–16.

Gaines 2015, p. 16.

Gaines 2015, p. 17.

Ellison, Sarah (February 8, 2016). "Meet The Most Powerful Woman In Hollywood". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on May 16, 2018. Retrieved September 10, 2020.

Fleming, Mike (October 21, 2015). "Blast From The Past On Back To The Future: How Frank Price Rescued Robert Zemeckis' Classic From Obscurity". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on October 22, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2015.

Harrison, Ellie (August 30, 2016). "Back To The Future Almost Had A Really Bad Title: Here's A Memo To Prove It ..." Radio Times. Archived from the original on September 2, 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2016.

Gaines 2015, p. 111.

Gaines 2015, p. 18.

Fein, Esther B. (July 26, 1985). "New Face: Michael J. Fox; Conversation With A Time Traveler". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 22, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

Gaines 2015, pp. 4–5.

Gaines 2015, pp. 2, 3.

Gaines 2015, p. 19.

"The Lost Roles Of Back To The Future". Vulture. Archived from the original on December 28, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2019.

Stolworthy, Jacob (February 21, 2021). "Matthew Modine: 'America Has Never Dealt Honestly With What Its History Is'". The Independent. Archived from the original on February 23, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2022.

Gaines 2015, p. 20.

Schneider, Caitlin (October 20, 2015). "See A List Of All The Actors Who Could Have Played Doc Brown". Mental Floss. Archived from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Girolamo, Dan (February 22, 2020). "Back To The Future: The Actor Who Almost Played Doc Brown". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on February 23, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Gouras, Matt (June 12, 2009). "Lloyd: Back To The Future Still Gratifying". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013.

Harris, Will (February 21, 2012). "Random Roles: Lea Thompson". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013. Retrieved September 10, 2020.

Robinson, Tasha (January 13, 2012). "Crispin Glover". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2020.

Burns-Fusaro, Nancy (July 15, 2020). "Back To The Future's J.J. Cohen To Make Appearance At Misquamicut Drive-in". The Westerly Sun. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Polowy, Kevin (October 19, 2020). "Watch Billy Zane Audition For Marty McFly-Tormenting Biff Tannen In Never-released Back To The Future Footage (Exclusive)". Yahoo!. Archived from the original on November 17, 2020. Retrieved December 13, 2020.

Gaines, Caseen (October 1, 2015). "How The Back To The Future Cast And Crew Knew Eric Stoltz Would Be Fired". Vulture. Archived from the original on August 23, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

Sharp, Nathan (June 17, 2015). "10 Things You Didn't Know About The Making Of Back To The Future". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Bui, Hoai-Tran (October 21, 2015). "15 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Back To The Future". USA Today. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.

Mattise, Nathan (December 8, 2011). "Marty McFly's Original Girlfriend Goes Back To The Future". Wired. Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved September 13, 2020.

Gaines 2015, pp. 42–43.

Gaines 2015, p. 43.

Gingold, Michael (June 13, 2011). "Jill's Spielberg Memories". Fangoria. Archived from the original on June 19, 2013. Retrieved September 10, 2020.

Fernández, Alexia (October 16, 2020). "See A Young Kyra Sedgwick Audition For Back To The Future As Movie Turns 35". People. Archived from the original on November 2, 2020. Retrieved December 13, 2020.

Gaines 2015, pp. 84, 85.

Parker, Ryan (July 3, 2020). "Back To The Future At 35: It's Time To Decipher An Eric Stoltz Fan Theory". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Klastorin & Atamaniuk 2015, pp. 47, 61.

Gaines 2015, pp. 2, 32.

Gaines 2015, pp. 2–3, 23.

Gaines 2015, p. 87.

Gaines 2015, pp. 1–2.

Gaines 2015, pp. 21–22, 27.

Gaines 2015, pp. 21, 22.

Mathews, Jack (June 14, 1985). "Universal Speeds Up Release Of Back To Future". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.

Gaines 2015, pp. 28–29.

Gaines 2015, pp. 31–33.

Gaines 2015, pp. 35–36.

Gaines 2015, pp. 25–26.

Klastorin & Atamaniuk 2015, pp. 61, 66.

Gaines 2015, pp. 33, 52.

Gaines 2015, p. 52.

Gaines 2015, pp. 41, 43–44.

Gaines 2015, pp. 103–104.

Gaines 2015, p. 114.

Cronin, Brian (February 9, 2019). "Did Tony Hawk Choreograph The Skateboarding In Back To The Future?". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on October 21, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 50.

Gaines 2015, p. 51.

Gaines 2015, p. 47.

Rudolph, Christopher (November 12, 2013). "The Surprising History Of The Back To The Future Clock Tower". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved September 16, 2020.

Chiland, Elijah (March 31, 2020). "The Ultimate Back To The Future Filming Locations Map". Curbed. Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.

Pourro 1985, p. 64.

Gaines 2015, p. 143.

Pourro 1985, p. 40.

Shaffer, Mark (February 10, 2014). "About Schmidt". Low Country Weekly. Archived from the original on August 6, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

Gaines 2015, pp. 104, 106–107.

Gaines 2015, pp. 108–109.

Patrick, Seb (November 22, 2019). "Back To The Future: 88 Things You Missed In The Trilogy". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on July 4, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 108.

Gaines 2015, pp. 107–108.

Anderton, Joe (June 7, 2020). "Back To The Future Writer Responds To Marty Mcfly Fan Theory". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on August 21, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 109.

"Back to the Future (PG)". British Board of Film Classification. July 8, 1985. Archived from the original on June 22, 2015. Retrieved June 21, 2015.

Gaines 2015, p. 132.

"Back to the Future". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 96.

"Ghostbusters (1984)". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on January 13, 2019. Retrieved January 12, 2019.

Gaines 2015, p. 88.

Travis, Ben (July 9, 2020). "Back To The Future: Michael J. Fox On Shooting The Iconic Johnny B. Goode Scene". Empire. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 90.

"Back To The Future: 13 Things You May Not Know". The Daily Telegraph. October 21, 2015. Archived from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved September 15, 2020.

Gaines 2015, pp. 92–93.

"Interview: Special Effects Consultant Michael Fink". BacktotheFuture.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.

Pourro 1985, pp. 40, 59.

Pourro 1985, p. 63.

Failes, Ian (October 21, 2015). "The Future Is Today: How ILM Made Time Travel Possible". Fxguide. Archived from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved June 12, 2016.

Pourro 1985, p. 56.

Gaines 2015, p. 63.

Pourro 1985, pp. 66, 67.

Pourro 1985, p. 62.

Gaines 2015, pp. 143–144.

Walsh, Michael (June 29, 2020). "Mondo Goes Back To The Future For 35th Anniversary". Nerdist.com. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 53.

Pourro 1985, pp. 56, 59.

Pourro 1985, p. 59.

Harmetz, Aljean (June 11, 1985). "Industry Fears A Summer Film Glut". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

Canby, Vincent (September 8, 1985). "Film: Season Preview; Even Wands Can't Create Magic At The Box Office". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 22, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

Harmetz, Aljean (September 2, 1985). "A Bleak Summer For Movie Makers". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 23, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 2.

Gaines 2015, p. 113.

"Back To The Future". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"Back to the Future – Domestic Weekend". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"Domestic 1985 Weekend 27 – July 5–7, 1985". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"Domestic 1985 Weekend 28 – July 12–14, 1985". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"Domestic 1985 Weekend 29 – July 19–21, 1985". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"Back To The Future Leads Box Office Sales". The New York Times. Associated Press. August 7, 1985. Archived from the original on November 21, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

Harmetz, Aljean (October 4, 1985). "At The Movies". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

"Top 1985 Movies At The Domestic Box Office". The Numbers. Archived from the original on July 21, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"Domestic Box Office For 1985". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"Back To The Future (1985)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on August 4, 2016. Retrieved May 31, 2016.

"Rental Champs: Rate Of Return". Variety. December 15, 1997. Archived from the original on June 7, 2019. Retrieved April 29, 2020.

Canby, Vincent (December 29, 1985). "Film View; Vivid Joys Among The Vast Array Of Failures". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 26, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

Harmetz, Aljean (July 3, 1985). "Pale Rider Heads List In Theaters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

Harmetz, Aljean (January 15, 1986). "Christmas Film Sales Set Record". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

Fabrikant, Geraldine (October 20, 1985). "A Movie Giant's Unfinished Script". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 21, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 115.

"Top 1985 Movies At The Worldwide Box Office". The Numbers. Archived from the original on July 21, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"1985 Worldwide Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"Back To The Future 25 Years Later". The Independent. September 29, 2010. Archived from the original on April 10, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"Back to the Future". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

Rome, Emily (July 3, 2015). "Back To The Future: What The Critics Said In 1985". Uproxx. Archived from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

"Back to the Future (1985)". BBC Online. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Bledenharn, Isabella (July 2, 2015). "Back To The Future Anniversary: What Critics Thought 30 Years Ago". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Maslin, Janet (July 21, 1985). "Film View; Maverick Tales Add Spice To Summer". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 25, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

Attanasio, Paul (July 3, 1985). "The Future Is Wow! Comedy With A Story To Tell". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Corliss, Richard (July 1, 1985). "Cinema: This Way To The Children's Crusade". Time Out. Archived from the original on April 12, 2011. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Siskel, Gene (July 3, 1985). "Future's Sci-fi Twist A Warm Look At Family". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Kehr, Dave (October 26, 1985). "Back To The Future". Chicago Reader. Archived from the original on July 30, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Ellis, Kirk (July 3, 1985). "Back To The Future: THR's 1985 Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Ebert, Roger (July 3, 1985). "Back To The Future". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Benson, Sheila (July 3, 1985). "Movie Review : An Underpowered Trip Back To The Future". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.

"Winners & Nominees 1986". Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved September 20, 2020.

Ní Fhlainn 2014, p. 2.

"The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on August 16, 2016. Retrieved October 16, 2011.

"Film In 1986". British Academy of Film and Television Arts. Archived from the original on August 17, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.

"Past Saturn Awards". SaturnAwards.org. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"1986 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on September 28, 2008. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 116.

"In Brief: Recent Films". The New York Times. June 29, 1986. Archived from the original on February 3, 2018. Retrieved September 5, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 122.

Bierbaum 1990, p. 78.

Holden, Stephen (December 31, 1986). "The Pop Life; 1986, A Musically Conservative Year". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Cronin, Brian (October 21, 2015). "Did Back To The Future Originally Not End With 'To Be Continued'?". HuffPost. Archived from the original on April 24, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Conrad, Jeremy (April 25, 2020). "Back To The Future Trilogy DVD Box Set Review". IGN. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Lawler, Richard (June 28, 2010). "Back To The Future's 25th Anniversary Celebrated By A Blu-ray Box Set October 26". Engadget. Archived from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Goldberg, Matt (July 27, 2020). "Back To The Future Trilogy Coming To 4K With New Bonus Features". Collider. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"Music From The Motion Picture Soundtrack". BacktotheFuture.com. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 94.

Clemmensen, Christian (April 11, 2016). "Back To The Future". Filmtracks.com. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved August 11, 2021.

Gross, Joe (September 4, 2016). "'Ain't It Cool' TV Show Jumps To New Markets". Austin American-Statesman. Archived from the original on June 13, 2022. Retrieved June 13, 2022.

Harmetz, Aljean (June 14, 1989). "Movie Merchandise: The Rush Is On". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 16, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.

Stone, Loryn (July 2, 2020). "Back To The Future's 35th Anniversary Shows Just How Far Toy Collecting Has Come". Syfy. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"Back to the Future Paperback – 15 Nov. 1985". Amazon. Archived from the original on March 15, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

Anders, Charlie Jane (June 17, 2015). "Is The Novelization Of Back To The Future A Literary Masterpiece? Shockingly, No". io9. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

White, James (June 10, 2020). "The Best Back To The Future Merchandise". Empire. Archived from the original on October 2, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Marrongelli, Rocco (October 6, 2020). "Back To The Future 35th Anniversary Blasts Off With New Toys From Funko, Playmobil & More". Newsweek. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 232.

Jensen, K. Thor. "10 Must-Have Gifts For Back To The Future Superfans". PCMag. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2015.

"Back To The Future". ComputingHistory.org.uk. Archived from the original on January 13, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Birch, Aaron (July 30, 2015). "The Back To The Future Game You've Probably Never Played". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

AmstradAction 1987, p. 13.

Workman, Robert (October 21, 2015). "The Bumpy History Of Back To The Future Video Games". Nerdist. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Coulston, John Connor (July 6, 2015). "Cultural Legacy: Back to the Future". Paste. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Dornbush, Jonathon (September 29, 2015). "Doc Brown Saves The World Back To The Future Teaser". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Valentine, Genevieve (July 1, 2015). "For This Nostalgia Trip, 'We Don't Need Roads'". NPR. Archived from the original on November 7, 2015. Retrieved September 5, 2020.

Sciretta, Peter (August 6, 2015). "Cool Stuff: Back to the Future Monopoly". Slashfilm. Archived from the original on August 28, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2020.

Edwards, Chris (June 21, 2020). "Back To The Future's New Board Game Will Let You Battle Biff Just Like Marty Mcfly". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on July 15, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Rome, Emily (June 25, 2015). "Exclusive: Your First Look At Back to the Future: The Ultimate Visual History". Uproxx. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

McMillan, Graeme (October 4, 2017). "Back To The Future Writer Finally Addresses The Last Line Of Part III". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on May 28, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Walsh, Michael (July 22, 2020). "Transformers Unveils Back To The Future Bot". Nerdist.com. Archived from the original on September 24, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Mancini, Vince (July 2, 2020). "Back To The Future At 35: Looking Back On The Movie That Made America Great Again". Uproxx. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Chang, Justin; Olsen, Mark (July 16, 2020). "Has Back To The Future Aged Well? Our Critics Take A Closer Look At A Summer Fave". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 124.

Ní Fhlainn 2014, p. 5.

Ní Fhlainn 2014, p. 7.

Ní Fhlainn 2015, pp. 165, 166.

Ní Fhlainn 2015, p. 167.

"National Film Registry 2007, Films Selected For The 2007 National Film Registry". loc.gov. Archived from the original on January 31, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2008.

Holden, Stephen (August 8, 1986). "At The Movies". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 3, 2018. Retrieved September 5, 2020.

Gettell, Oliver (December 24, 2016). "Back to the Future: Michael J. Fox On Film's Timeless Nature". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Busis, Hillary (August 3, 2020). "All Your Back To The Future Questions Answered". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 241.

Huff, Lauren (March 5, 2020). "Great Scott! Michael J. Fox And Christopher Lloyd Have A Back To The Future Reunion". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Cordero, Rosy (May 11, 2020). "Great Scott! Watch Back To The Future Cast Have Virtual Reunion Hosted By Josh Gad". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Pasquini, Marla (August 12, 2018). "Back To The Future Stars Reunite At Fan Convention: 'This Was Special'". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Lenker, Maureen Lee (December 11, 2019). "Back To The Future Cast To Reunite For 35Th Anniversary At Tcm Classic Film Festival". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 3, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Blistein, Jon (May 12, 2020). "Michael J. Fox, Christopher Lloyd Lead Back To The Future Reunion On Josh Gad's 'Reunited Apart'". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 242.

Gaines 2015, pp. 240–241.

Gettell, Oliver (October 22, 2015). "Back To The Future Day: 27 Million Facebook Users Went On A Nostalgia Trip". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

"President Ronald Reagan's Address Before A Joint Session Of Congress On The State Of The Union". C-SPAN. February 4, 1986. Archived from the original on September 28, 2006. Retrieved November 26, 2006.

Harmetz, Aljean (February 5, 1986). "State Of The Union: Reagan Reports To The Nation; President Reagan's Speech Before Joint Session Of Congress". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 26, 2016. Retrieved September 5, 2020.

Weinberg 2019, pp. 144–151.

Weinberg, Mark (February 27, 2018). "What I Learned Watching Back to the Future With Ronald Reagan". Politico. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022.

Cavanaugh, Jack (May 10, 1987). "Towns Cite Safety Cares As Skateboarding Gains". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 10, 2017. Retrieved September 5, 2020.

Gaines 2015, p. 236.

Chaney, Jen (July 19, 2019). "Stranger Things 3 Is Basically One Big Back To The Future Homage". Vulture. Archived from the original on July 31, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2019.

Ray, Amber (May 24, 2014). "See Doc Brown's Cameo In A Million Ways to Die in the West". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Parker, Ryan (May 10, 2019). "Back To The Future Writer "Delighted" By Those Avengers: Endgame References". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Roberts, Samuel; Senior, Tom (December 21, 2017). "Flying Cars Are Rad As Hell In GTA Online's Doomsday Heist". PC Gamer. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Dornbush, Jonathon (October 12, 2015). "Rocket League Adds Back To The Future DeLorean". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Sims, David (December 2, 2013). "Dan Harmon's New Series Is A Warped Take On The Doc Brown/Marty Mcfly Dynamic". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013.

"McFly Biography". Contactmusic.com. Archived from the original on January 13, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2020.

Gilsdorf, Ethan (June 5, 2012). "Ready Player One Author To Give Away DeLorean". Wired. Archived from the original on August 1, 2019. Retrieved August 1, 2019.

Power, Ed (March 29, 2018). "Ready Player One: A Guide To The Legal Nightmare Of Spielberg's Pop Culture References". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2020.

Estrella, Ernie (April 23, 2015). "Exclusive: Back In Time Director Jason Aron On Making The Definitive Back To The Future Documentary". Syfy. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Slead, Evan (October 20, 2016). "Back To The Future: Michael J. Fox, Lea Thompson Talk About The Iconic Delorean". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Silknitter, Tom (February 18, 2013). "Restored Back To The Future Hero Delorean Time Machine Now On Display At Universal Studios". BacktotheFuture.com. Archived from the original on August 15, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

Toor, Amar (February 19, 2013). "Restoring The Delorean Time Machine To Its Original Glory". The Verge. Archived from the original on September 9, 2020. Retrieved June 23, 2022.

"The 500 Greatest Movies Of All Time". Empire. October 3, 2008. Archived from the original on November 6, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

"Hollywood's 100 Favorite Films". The Hollywood Reporter. June 25, 2014. Archived from the original on July 5, 2019. Retrieved July 5, 2019.

"The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made". The New York Times. April 29, 2003. Archived from the original on July 22, 2016. Retrieved May 22, 2010.

"101 Greatest Screenplays". WGA.org. 2005. Archived from the original on May 2, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

"101 Greatest Screenplays". WGA.org. 2005. Archived from the original on November 30, 2019. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

"Film4's 50 Films To See Before You Die". Film4. August 28, 2015. Archived from the original on February 15, 2009. Retrieved February 10, 2009.

"AFI Crowns Top 10 Films In 10 Classic Genres". ComingSoon.net. June 17, 2008. Archived from the original on June 19, 2008. Retrieved June 18, 2008.

"Total Film features: 100 Greatest Movies Of All Time". Total Film. January 25, 2010. Archived from the original on February 9, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Chris, Producer (March 10, 2011). "Your Favourite Movies!". BBC Radio 1. Archived from the original on April 24, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2017.

Schneider 2013.

"101 Funniest Screenplays List". WGA.org. November 11, 2015. Archived from the original on February 2, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

"Writers Choose 101 Funniest Screenplays". WGA.org. November 11, 2015. Archived from the original on May 2, 2020. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

"200 Essential Movies To Watch Now". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on December 16, 2019. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

"150 Essential Sci-Fi Movies To Watch Now". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

"The Top 10 Science Fiction Films Of All Time". SyFy. Archived from the original on August 15, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Travis, Ben; White, James (May 27, 2020). "The 50 Greatest Sci-Fi Movies". Empire. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Shepherd, Jack (2020). "The 30 Best Sci-fi Movies Of All Time". GamesRadar+. Archived from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Burgin, Michael (November 13, 2018). "The 100 Best Sci-Fi Movies of All Time". Paste. Archived from the original on April 30, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

"Top 100 Sci-Fi Movies". IGN. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Lynch, John. "The 100 Best Science Fiction Movies Of All Time, According To Critics". Business Insider. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Fischer, Russ (April 1, 2018). "The 50 Greatest Sci-Fi Films Of All Time". Thrillist. Archived from the original on July 6, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Hersey, Will; Nicholson, Tom (September 23, 2020). "The 23 Best Sci-Fi Movies Of All Time". Esquire. Archived from the original on August 30, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

"The Best Sci-fi And Fantasy Films: In Pictures". The Guardian. October 21, 2010. Archived from the original on March 31, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

Plim, Alex; Huddleston, Tom; Andrew, Geoff; Bray, Catherine; Calhoun, Dave; Clarke, Cath; Dudok de Wit, Alex; Frankel, Eddy; Johnston, Trevor; Kheraj, Alim; Rothkopf, Joshua; de Semlyen, Phil; Smith, Anna; Uhlich, Keith (February 20, 2020). "The 100 Best Sci-fi Movies". Time Out. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.

"The Best Sci-fi Movies Everyone Should Watch Once". Wired. September 4, 2020. Archived from the original on April 2, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.

"The 80 Greatest Movies Of The '80s". Consequence of Sound. July 2, 2019. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

"140 Essential '80s Movies". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on July 18, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Chacksfield, Marc (September 9, 2020). "Best '80s Movies: The Greatest Films Of The 1980S". ShortList. Archived from the original on July 5, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Blair, Olivia (August 8, 2020). "The Best 80s Movies To Give You All The Nostalgic Feels". Elle. Archived from the original on August 22, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

de Semlyen, Phil; Nugent, John; Thrower, Emma; White, James; Williams, Owen; Jolin, Dan (May 11, 2016). "The 80 Best '80s Movies: 39-1". Empire. Archived from the original on July 6, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Watkins, Gwynne (August 16, 2020). "The 80 Best Movies Of The '80s – From The Breakfast Club To The Princess Bride". Parade. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Rothkpf, Joshua (June 11, 2020). "The 30 Best '80s Movies". Time Out. Archived from the original on May 26, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Edwards, Richard (July 1, 2019). "The 25 Best 80s Movies, From Back To The Future To Blade Runner And Beyond". GamesRadar+. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Thomas, Leah Marilla (May 11, 2020). "These '80s Movies Are Here to Inject Some Nostalgia Into Your Movie Night". Cosmopolitan. Archived from the original on July 22, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Carey, Emma (September 6, 2020). "The Best '80s Movies To Pair With An Ice-Cold New Coke". Esquire. Archived from the original on September 17, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Janes, Deanna (April 21, 2020). "25 Totally '80s Movies We All Need Right Now". Harper's Bazaar. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Banks, Alec (2020). "68 Classic '80s Movies Every Highsnobiety Reader Should See". Highsnobiety. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Buddemeyer, Ruby; Roberts, Kayleigh (March 20, 2020). "The 68 Best '80s Movies Ever Made". Marie Claire. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Rathe, Adam (June 12, 2020). "54 Of The Best Movies From The 1980's". Town & Country. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Stockdale, Charles. "The 75 Best Movie Comedies Of The '80s". USA Today. Archived from the original on July 14, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.

Orf, Darren (November 19, 2019). "The 30 Best Time Travel Movies". Popular Mechanics. Archived from the original on October 5, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

Edwards, Gavin (June 29, 2020). "Future Tense: The 20 Best Time-Travel Movies". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on August 17, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

"50 Best High School Movies". Entertainment Weekly. August 28, 2015. Archived from the original on September 22, 2020. Retrieved September 22, 2020.

"The 55 Essential Movies Your Child Must See (Before Turning 13)". Entertainment Weekly. June 23, 2014. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

"The 100 Greatest Movie Characters – 39. Marty McFly". Empire. Archived from the original on November 7, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2020.

"The 100 Greatest Movie Characters – 76. Dr. Emmett Brown". Empire. Archived from the original on November 7, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2020.

"Back to the Future". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Archived from the original on November 22, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2022.

"Top 100 Action & Adventure Movies". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

"Back To The Future Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on February 17, 2015. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"The 100 Greatest Movies". Empire. June 23, 2017. Archived from the original on November 29, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.

Gaines 2015, pp. 117–118, 128.

Brew, Simon (October 21, 2015). "Giving Back To The Future Part II Its Due". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on August 5, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Banks, Alec (October 22, 2015). "Why Crispin Glover Refused To Do the Back to the Future Sequels". Highsnobiety. Archived from the original on September 13, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2020.

Pirello, Phil (May 25, 2020). "How Back To The Future III Got Better With Age". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Brew, Simon (October 20, 2010). "Looking Back At Back To The Future Part III". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on July 5, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

"Back To The Future Tops Poll Of Most Wanted Film Sequels – But Which Movie Series Should Return?". Sky News. November 23, 2018. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Cremona, Patrick (February 18, 2020). "Back To The Future Creator Explains Why Franchise Will Never Get A Fourth Film". Radio Times. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

McComb, David (May 15, 2012). "Back to the Future: The Game Review". Empire. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

Cotter, Padraig (August 15, 2019). "Doc Brown Saves The World Isn't Back To The Future 4 (But It's Great)". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on November 30, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2020.

"Back To The Future Musical Announced". BBC News Online. January 31, 2014. Archived from the original on January 31, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Edmonds, Lizzie (September 8, 2020). "Back To The Future Musical Heading To London's West End Next Year". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Campbell, Lucy (February 23, 2020). "'This Is The New Standard For Spectacle': Fans React To The Back To The Future Musical". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 13, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.

Works cited

Bierbaum, Tom (February 6, 1990). "Mixed Reviews". Daily Variety. Los Angeles: Penske Media Corporation. p. 78.

"Compilation Crazy". Amstrad Action. No. 21. Bath, Somerset: Future plc. June 1987. p. 13.

Gaines, Caseen (2015). We Don't Need Roads: The Making of the Back to the Future Trilogy. New York City: Plume. ISBN 978-0-14-218153-9.

Klastorin, Michael; Atamaniuk, Randal (2015). Back to the Future: The Ultimate Visual History. New York City: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-241914-9.

Ní Fhlainn, Sorcha (2014). "Introduction: It's About Time". The Worlds of Back to the Future: Critical Essays on the Films. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-4400-7.

Ní Fhlainn, Sorcha (2015). "'There's Something Very Familiar About This': Time Machines, Cultural Tangents and Mastering Time in H.G. Wells' The Time Machine and the Back to the Future Trilogy". Adaptation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 9 (2). doi:10.1093/adaptation/apv028.

Pourro, Janine (November 1985). "Backyard Adventures – Spielberg Style". Cinefex. No. 24. United States. ISSN 0198-1056.

Schneider, Steven Jay (2013). "1980s". 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die. Boston, Massachusetts: Murdoch Books Pty Limited. ISBN 978-0-7641-6613-6.

Weinberg, Mark (2019). Movie Nights With The Reagans. New York City: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5011-3400-5. OCLC 1039384951.

External links

Official website Edit this at Wikidata

Back to the Future at the American Film Institute Catalog

Back to the Future at IMDb

Back to the Future at the TCM Movie Database

Back to the Future at Box Office Mojo

Listen to this article (1 hour and 33 minutes)

1:32:34

Spoken Wikipedia icon

This audio file was created from a revision of this article dated 6 January 2023, and does not reflect subsequent edits.

(Audio help · More spoken articles)

Portals:

icon 1980s

Film

icon Science Fiction

flag United States

Back to the Future at Wikipedia's sister projects:

Definitions from Wiktionary

Media from Commons

News from Wikinews

Quotations from Wikiquote

Travel guides from Wikivoyage

Data from Wikidata

Last edited 5 hours ago by Ymblanter

...

Did you know ...

Erna P. Harris

... that African-American journalist Erna P. Harris (pictured) was called a "fearless critic" of the internment of Japanese Americans by the US government during World War II?

... that despite J. R. R. Tolkien's dislike of Shakespeare, he was influenced by his work?

... that the television series The Owl's Legacy was modelled after the ancient Greek symposium?

... that James Danandjaja, an expert on Indonesian folklore and the pioneer of Indonesian folkloristics, also learned ballet and modern dance?

... that Rick and Morty caused McDonald's to bring back its Szechuan Sauce, twenty years after it was discontinued?

... that the release of Mario Kart: Super Circuit in China was cancelled because of excessive video-game piracy in the country?

... that Constans II was a monk before he became a Roman emperor?

... that the particular church to which one belongs determines the right rite and the use to use?

ArchiveStart a new articleNominate an article

In the news

Cyclone Gabrielle intensifying off the coast of Australia

Cyclone Gabrielle (satellite image shown) causes widespread damage and flooding across New Zealand.

Nikos Christodoulides is elected President of Cyprus.

In American football, the Kansas City Chiefs defeat the Philadelphia Eagles in the Super Bowl.

A megadrought and heatwave cause forest fires and a state of emergency in Chile.

An earthquake strikes Turkey and Syria, killing over 45,000 people and injuring more than 122,000 others.

Ongoing: Russian invasion of Ukraine

Recent deaths: Billy Two RiversErwan KurtubiGreta AndersenRaquel WelchTed LernerHans Modrow

Nominate an article

On this day

February 18

Enterprise atop the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft

1766 – Enslaved Malagasy captives on the Dutch East India Company slave ship Meermin began a mutiny that led to the ship's destruction on Cape Agulhas in present-day South Africa and the recapture of the instigators.

1943 – The core members of the White Rose, an anti-Nazi resistance group, were arrested by the Gestapo in Munich, bringing the group's activities to an end.

1977 – NASA's first Space Shuttle, Enterprise, made its first test flight on top of the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (both pictured).

2013 – Eight gunmen stole approximately US$50,000,000 worth of diamonds from a Swiss-bound aircraft at Brussels Airport, Belgium.

Michelangelo (d. 1564)George Henschel (b. 1850)Sergo Ordzhonikidze (d. 1937)

More anniversaries: February 17February 18February 19

ArchiveBy emailList of days of the year

Today's featured picture

Lakhmids

The Lakhmid kingdom was an Arab kingdom in southern Iraq and eastern Arabia from the late 3rd century to 602. The Lakhmids were generally but intermittently the allies and clients of the Sasanian Empire, and participant in the Roman–Persian Wars. This Persian-language manuscript, dating from the 15th century and illustrated by Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād, depicts the construction of al-Khornaq Castle in the Lakhmid capital al-Hirah. The manuscript is in the collection of the British Museum in London.

Illustration credit: Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād

Siguiente capítulo