54 The portal(EXTRA)

On 10 April 2017, Engels team created negative effective mass by reducing the temperature of rubidium atoms to near absolute zero, generating a Bose–Einstein condensate. By using a laser-trap, the team were able to reverse the spin of some of the rubidium atoms in this state, and observed that once released from the trap, the atoms expanded and displayed properties of negative mass, in particular accelerating towards a pushing force instead of away from it. This kind of negative effective mass is analogous to the well-known apparent negative effective mass of electrons in the upper part of the dispersion bands in solids. However, neither case is negative mass for the purposes of the stress–energy tensor.

Experiments in 2020 with metamaterials have proven that some composite of superconductors, metamaterials and normal matter could exhibit signs of negative effective mass in much the same way as low temperature alloys melt at below the melting point of their components or some semiconductors have negative differential resistance.

The use of the negative mass was at that time not known with certainty.

Till 2026 years, in quantum field theory has been recognized to be antiunitary for the purpose of avoiding the existence of negative energy states.

Today, the setting rho=0 yields. H * i * P^-1 = -i * H

If we supposed that T is linear and unitary, then we could simply cancel the i's, and find E, with the again disastrous conclusion that for any state H * T * H^-1 = -1 of energy epsilon, there is another state T^-1 * epsilon of energy -E. To avoid this, we are forced here to conclude that T is antilinear and antiunitary.

In the Casimir effect, two flat plates placed very close together restrict the wavelengths of quanta which exist between them. This in turn restricts the types and hence number and density of virtual particle pairs which can form in the intervening vacuum and result in a negative energy density.

For wavefunctions of particles with zero rest mass (such as photons), this means that any evanescent portions of the wavefunction would be associated with a local negative mass–energy. However, the Schrödinger equation does not apply to massless particles; instead the Klein–Gordon equation is required.

In special relativity one can achieve a negative mass independent of negative energy. According to mass–energy equivalence, mass m is in proportion to energy E and the coefficient of proportionality is c2. Actually, m is still equivalent to E although the coefficient is another constant such as −c2. In this case, it is unnecessary to introduce a negative energy because the mass can be negative although the energy is positive. That is to say,

…where m0 < 0 is invariant mass and invariant energy equals E0 = −m0c2 > 0. The squared mass is still positive and the particle can be stable. This is perfect.

In electromagnetism, one can derive the energy density of a field from Gauss's law, assuming the curl of the field is 0. Performing the same calculation using Gauss's law for gravity produces a negative energy density for a gravitational field.

Showing that negative matter could be used to stabilize a wormhole.

After the technology to create negative mass had been invented, the world had been trying to find a usage to win resources over. The UNO financed a company named Departure to make portals/stargates/wormholes possible in the future.

Surprisingly, the research algorithm of Dolores was able to find theoretical blueprint of a portal, which could pin down planets with very precise requirements. The blueprint was a masterpiece and was practically not achievable to make without AIs. Some researcher even believed that GOD had given them this blueprint to rule over the galaxies or to save them from extinction. Other though that Aliens had hacked Dolores so that they could develop as their experiments.

In the end, the only thing that was sure, was that the blueprint wasn't supposed to be found this early.

After researcher analyzed the blueprint, they made the countries clear how achievable and perfect it was and so the world participated in the realization of the world-shaking technology.

…

The search for a new home was of great importance. The function of the portal was to find and transport people on a superhabitable planet.

A superhabitable planet is a type of exoplanet or exomoon that may be better suited than Earth for the emergence and evolution of life. The concept was introduced in 2014 by René Heller and John Armstrong.

While still assuming that life requires water, they hypothesize that Earth may not represent the optimal planetary habitability conditions for maximum biodiversity; in other words, they define a superhabitable world as a terrestrial planet or moon that could support more diverse flora and fauna than there are on Earth, as it would empirically show that its environment is more hospitable to life.

With today instrument one could find precisely how habitable a planet is.

One of these instruments was capable of capturing radio emissions, then scientist conversed these radio emissions to sound waves. The recorded sounds are the complex interactions of charged electromagnetic particles from the solar wind, ionisphere, and planetary magnetosphere.

Surface planetary habitability is thought to require orbiting at the right distance from the host star for liquid surface water to be present, in addition to various geophysical and geodynamical aspects, atmospheric density, radiation type and intensity, and the host star's plasma environment.

The majority of astrophysical observations are made using the electromagnetic spectrum.

Radio Ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma ray and Infrared astronomy study these different radiation and energetic processes to give indication on the planets.

The portal had special instrument to study different planet in other Star-system or Galaxie with no limitation of space.

After the first breakthrough in 2033, the Portal could collect information about unknown planets. As the search of planets would be take years, the researcher focused on already found potential habitable planets and compared the data with the following requirements.

Mass: approximately 2M⊕.

Radius: to maintain a similar density to Earth, its radius should be close to 1.2 or 1.3R⊕.

Oceans: percentage of surface area covered by oceans should be Earth-like but more distributed, without large continuous land masses. The oceans should be shallow; the light then will penetrate easier through the water and will reach the fauna and flora, stimulating an abundance of life down in the ocean.

Distance: shorter distance from the center of the habitable zone of the system than Earth.

Temperature: average surface temperature of about 25 °C (77 °F).

Star and age: belonging to an intermediate K-type star with an older age than the Sun (4.5 billion years) but younger than 7 billion years.

Atmosphere: somewhat denser than Earth's and with a higher concentration of oxygen. That will make life larger and more abundant.

After the information were sorted by scientist over the year, humanity had found its first perfect superhabitable planet. Compared to the other known potential planets Kepler-1638 b fitted the conditions. Knowing the supergalactic coordinates of Kepler-1638 b, the researcher focused on the more difficult parts of the blueprint. The transportation device and stabilization device.

The transportation device and the stabilization device would have to be connected to work.

The transportation device would first create magnetic wormhole to the inputed coordination.

After the wormholes stabilizes itself, a particle accelerator would be used to open a portal-like gravitanional wormhole. While this sounded not that complex the timing of the wormholes and the frequency of the protons had to be very specific to succeed.

Using the negative mass and energy, the gravitational wormhole are largened and combined to create a stabilized one-way portal.

Stabilizing the space for only a few minutes, a group of people would move to the other side of the portal. While the project used two different wormholes, the theoretical result didn't have the same effect as usual simulated wormhole.

The complexity of both were so high that only the best researcher and ingenieur on the world could create them. While many aspects of wormholes and the technologie behind the portal, where still unclear, the best way to understand and learn more about something is to test it out. So the researcher didn't knew the possible problems and the risk of such a complex wormhole. Many researcher didn't want to help the realization of the blueprint as their feared that it could cause gravitational problems and kill the entire population on earth.

Another often discussed topic was the time dilation.

Since wormholes are places of extreme gravity, time dilation would be pronounced, with time flowing far more slowly inside the wormhole than outside it. Although someone traveling through the wormhole would think time is passing normally, while the time outside of the portal would be passing a lot faster. Some researcher feared that the time dilation could be million of years and that they would never be able harvest the resources on the planet.

The reason, why such an global and word-shacking project was mainly situated in France had a couple of reason. The research and even the experiment needed a lot of electrical energy. While the United States is the largest producer of nuclear power, France has the largest share of electricity generated by nuclear power, about 75% of their electricity is exported. The French nuclear power sector is almost entirely owned by the French government, which facilitated the usage and the control for the Fermi project.

Secondly, Sergy had enough non-urban areas to not trouble and risk the lives of its inhabitant.

Thirdly, their was the Large Hadron Collider (LHS), which is the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator. It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the particles along the way.

Lastly, France was one of the few countries, which had proposed to let the portal be build on their land. The portal was seen as a high risk and high opportunity project by the countries and not every country was willing to take the risk.