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Q-FRACTIONAL CALCULUS AND EQUATIONS LECT NOTES MATH Q2SWINET 11: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH ACM SYMPOSIUM ON QOS AND SECURITY FOR WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORKS Q2SWINET 2010: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTH ACM SYMPOSIUM ON QOS AND SECURITY FOR WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORKS Q2SWINET'07: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD ACM WORKSHOP ON Q2S AND SECURITY FOR WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORKS Q2SWINET'08: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH ACM INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON QOS AND SECURITY FOR WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORKS Q2SWINET09: PROCEEDING OF THE FIFTH ACM INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON QOS AND SECURITY FOR WIRELESS AND MOBILE NETWORKS QCD AND HIGH ENERGY HADRONIC INTERACTIONS QCD AT 200 TEV E MAJ INT S QCD AT HERA SPRINGER TR MOD PHYS QCD AT WORK AIP CONF PROC QCD AT WORK 2007 AIP CONF PROC QCD AT WORK 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS: THEORY AND EXPERIMENT BEPPE NARDULLI MEMORIAL WORKSHOP AIP CONF PROC QCD AT WORK 2010: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS:THEORY AND EXPERIMENT BEPPE NARDULLI MEMORIAL WORKSHOP AIP CONF PROC QCD HARD HADRONIC PROCESSES NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY QCD and Numerical Analysis III LECT NOTES COMP SCI QCD, LIGHTCONE PHYSICS AND HADRON PHENOMENOLOGY QCD@WORK 2005 AIP CONF PROC QCD@WORK 2012: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS: THEORY AND EXPERIMENT AIP CONF PROC QCD@WORK 2014 - INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS THEORY AND EXPERIMENT EPJ WEB CONF QED STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS AIP CONF PROC QENS/WINS 2014 - 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUASIELASTIC NEUTRON SCATTERING AND 6TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON INELASTIC NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS EPJ WEB CONF QEST 2004: FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS QEST 2004: FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS INT CONF QUANT EVAL QEST 2006: THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS INT CONF QUANT EVAL QEST 2006: Third International Conference on the Quantitative Evaluation of Systems QFEXT'03: QUANTUM FIELD THEORY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL CONDITIONS, PROCEEDINGS QIRT JOURNAL QIRT J QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE QJM-INT J MED QJM-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS QJM-MON J ASSOC PHYS QME-QUANTITATIVE MARKETING AND ECONOMICS QME-QUANT MARK ECON QOHELET IN THE CONTEXT OF WISDOM BIB EPH THE QOMEX: 2009 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON QUALITY OF MULTIMEDIA EXPERIENCE QOP'07: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2007 ACM WORKSHOP ON QUALITY OF PROTECTION QOSA'15 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL ACM SIGSOFT CONFERENCE ON QUALITY OF SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES QP - QUATERNARY PROCEEDINGS QUAT PROC QP-PQ QP PQ QP-PQ Quantum Probability and White Noise Analysis QTM PROB WHT NOI QRM 2002: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUALITY, RELIABILITY, AND MAINTENANCE QSAR & COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE QSAR COMB SCI QSIC 2004: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUALITY SOFTWARE QSIC 2005: Fifth International Conference on Quality Software, Proceedings QSIC 2006: Sixth International Conference on Quality Software, Proceedings INT CONF QUAL SOFTW QSIC 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUALITY SOFTWARE INT CONF QUAL SOFTW QSO ABSORPTION LINES ESO ASTROPHY SYMP QSO HOSTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTS QST QST QT PROLONGATION AND VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS ANN NY ACAD SCI QUADERNI / 9 DE IL RISORGIMENTO QUADERNI D ITALIANISTICA QUAD ITAL QUADERNI DEL DIPARTIMENTO DI GEOGRAFIA, UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA, 13 QUADERNI DELL INGEGNERE CHIMICO ITALIANO QUAD ING CHIM ITAL QUADERNI DELLA REVISTA DI ECONOMIA AGRARIA QUAD RIV EC QUADERNI DELLA RIVISTA ITALIANA DI MUSICOLOGIA QUAD RIV IT QUADERNI DI SOCIOLOGIA QUAD SOCIOL QUADERNI MEDIEVALI QUAD MEDIEVALI QUADERNI STORICI QUAD STORICI QUADERNI URBINATI DI CULTURA CLASSICA QUAD URBIN CULT CLAS QUADERNI URBINATI DI CULTURA CLASSICA QUAD URBINATI CULT C QUADRATIC FORMS - ALGEBRA, ARITHMETIC, AND GEOMETRY CONTEMP MATH QUADRUPLEX NUCLEIC ACIDS TOP CURR CHEM QUAESTIONES MATHEMATICAE QUAEST MATH QUAKERS AND ABOLITION QUALIFICATION OF INSPECTION PROCEDURES EURO MECH M QUALITAS PLANTARUM ET MATERIAE VEGETABILES QUAL PLANT MATER VEG QUALITAS PLANTARUM-PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION QUAL PLANT QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN LIBRARIES: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PRACTICAL REASONING LECT NOTES ARTIF INT QUALITATIVE APPROACH AND METHODS IN HUMAN SCIENCE, VOL VIII QUALITATIVE APPROACH AND METHODS IN HUMAN SCIENCES IX: INDIVIDUALITY AND UNIQUENESS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH QUAL HEALTH RES QUALITATIVE INQUIRY QUAL INQ QUALITATIVE INQUIRY AND THE POLITICS OF EVIDENCE QUALITATIVE REASONING AND DECISION TECHNOLOGIES QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUAL RES QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGY QUAL RES PSYCHOL QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN PUBLIC SPACE QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN PUBLIC SPACE HUM COMMUN STUD QUALITATIVE SOCIAL WORK QUAL SOC WORK QUALITATIVE SOCIOLOGY QUAL SOCIOL QUALITATIVE SPATIAL REASONING WITH TOPOLOGICAL INFORMATION LECT NOTES ARTIF INT QUALITATIVE THEORY OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS COLLOQ MATH SOC J B QUALITATIVE THEORY OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS QUAL THEOR DYN SYST QUALITY & QUANTITY QUAL QUANT QUALITY & SAFETY IN HEALTH CARE QUAL SAF HEALTH CARE QUALITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF FOOD-RELATED DATA QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY IN E-LEARNING, VOL 1 ELEARN SOFTW EDUC QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY IN E-LEARNING, VOL 2 ELEARN SOFTW EDUC QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY IN E-LEARNING, VOL 3 ELEARN SOFTW EDUC QUALITY AND INNOVATION IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL QUAL RELIAB ENG INT QUALITY AND RELIABILITY FOR OPTICAL SYSTEMS P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUALITY AND RELIABILITY OF LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS ERCOFTAC SER QUALITY AND RELIABILITY OF LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS II ERCOFTAC SER QUALITY AND SECURITY OF ELECTRIC POWER DELIVERY SYSTEMS QUALITY AND STATISTICS: TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AM SOC TEST MATER QUALITY ASSURANCE : GOOD PRACTICE, REGULATION, AND LAW, VOL 2, NO 1/2, MARCH/JUNE 1993 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS QUAL ASSUR SAF CROP QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES ROY SOC CH QUALITY ASSURANCE IN DISTANCE HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE IN HEALTH CARE, VOL 2, NO 3/4, 1990, SPECIAL ISSUE QUALITY ASSURANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE IN THE FISH INDUSTRY DEV FOOD SCI QUALITY ASSURANCE THROUGH COOPERATION IN SURGERY LANGENG ARC QUALITY CONTROL & QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR SEAFOOD QUALITY CONTROL OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES RILEM PROC QUALITY CONTROL OF VETERINARY VACCINES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES FAO ANIM PR QUALITY EDUCATION AT A DISTANCE INT FED INFO PROC QUALITY ENGINEERING QUAL ENG QUALITY FOR ALL LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY IMPROVEMENT THROUGH STATISTICAL METHODS STAT IND TECHNOL QUALITY IN HEALTH CARE QUAL HEALTH CARE QUALITY IN INTERPRETING: WIDENING THE SCOPE, VOL 1 INTERLINGUA QUALITY IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT OPERATION QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH CARE QUAL MANAG HEALTH CA QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION, PROCEEDINGS QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION, VOL 1 QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION, VOL 2 QUALITY OF COMMUNICATION-BASED SYSTEMS QUALITY OF CONTEXT LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF DEMOCRACY: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS HELEN KELLOGG INST QUALITY OF FISH FROM CATCH TO CONSUMER: LABELLING, MONITORING AND TRACEABILITY QUALITY OF FRESH AND PROCESSED FOODS ADV EXP MED BIOL QUALITY OF FUTURE INTERNET SERVICES LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF FUTURE INTERNET SERVICES, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF LIFE AND HEALTH QUALITY OF LIFE AND PSYCHOSOMATICS QUALITY OF LIFE AND QUALITY OF CARE IN EPILEPSY ROY S MED S QUALITY OF LIFE AND QUALITY OF CARE IN EPILEPSY: UPDATE 1993 ROY S MED S QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT : KEY ISSUES IN THE 1990S QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH QUAL LIFE RES QUALITY OF LIFE THROUGH QUALITY OF INFORMATION STUD HEALTH TECHNOL QUALITY OF MEAT AND FAT IN PIGS AS AFFECTED BY GENETICS AND NUTRITION EAAP PUBLIC QUALITY OF NUMERICAL SOFTWARE - ASSESSMENT AND ENHANCEMENT QUALITY OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS QUALITY OF SERVICE - IWQOS 2003, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF SERVICE - IWQOS 2005, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF SERVICE IN HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS L N INST COMP SCI SO QUALITY OF SERVICE IN MULTISERVICE IP NETWORKS, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF SERVICE IN THE EMERGING NETWORKING PANORAMA, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF SERVICE OVER NEXT-GENERATION DATA NETWORKS P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUALITY OF SERVICE OVER NEXT-GENERATION INTERNET P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUALITY OF SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES AND SOFTWARE QUALITY, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUALITY OF THE BODY CELL MASS SERONO SYMP QUALITY OF WORK AND PRODUCTS IN ENTERPRISES OF THE FUTURE QUALITY PROGRESS QUAL PROG QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE QUALITY RELIABILITY AND MAINTENANCE QRM 2000 QUALITY SERVICE QUALITY TECHNOLOGY AND QUANTITATIVE MANAGEMENT QUAL TECHNOL QUANT M QUALITY TEXTILES FOR QUALITY LIFE, VOLS 1-4 QUALITY THROUGH ENGINEERING DESIGN ADV IND ENG QUALITY TO PARTICIPATION : AVENUES TO EXCELLENCE - 1989 TRANSACTIONS QUALITY, RELIABILITY, AND MAINTENANCE QUALITY: THE SPIRIT OF EUROPE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 36TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE QUAMTUM EFFECTS IN THE MSSM QUANTIATIVE EVALUATION OF HIV PREVENTION PROGRAMS QUANTIFICATION OF BRAIN FUNCTION INT CONGR SER QUANTIFIED SOCIETAL RISK AND POLICY MAKING TECH RISK S QUANTIFYING THE BENEFITS OF LIBERALISING TRADE IN SERVICES QUANTITATION IN BIOMEDICAL IMAGING WITH PET AND MRI INT CONGR SER QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES OF BEHAVIOR QUANT AN B QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES OF BEHAVIOR, VOL 8 QUANT AN B QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES OF BEHAVIOR, VOL 9 QUANT AN B QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND THE PLANNING OF SOCIAL PROTECTION STUD RES SS QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES TO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES TO MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY MEASUREMENT QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT IN EPILEPSY CARE NATO ADV SCI INST SE QUANTITATIVE CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW MEASUREMENTS USING STABLE XENON/CT: CLINICAL APPLICATIONS QUANTITATIVE CORONARY ARTERIOGRAPHY DEV CARDIOVASC MED QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF IONOSPHERIC STORM EFFECTS AND IRREGULARITIES ADV SPACE RES QUANTITATIVE DIAGENESIS: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS TO RESERVOIR GEOLOGY NATO ADV SCI INST SE QUANTITATIVE DYNAMIC STRATIGRAPHY QUANTITATIVE ECONOMICS QUANT ECON QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS, QEST 2014 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS: QEST 2008, PROCEEDINGS QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SYSTEMS: QEST 2008, PROCEEDINGS INT CONF QUANT EVAL QUANTITATIVE FINANCE QUANT FINANC QUANTITATIVE FUNCTIONAL BRAIN IMAGING WITH POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY QUANTITATIVE GENETICS AND BREEDING METHODS: THE WAY AHEAD COLLOQ INRA QUANTITATIVE GEOLOGY AND GEOSTATISTICS QUANT GEO G QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN CELL BIOLOGY METHOD CELL BIOL QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN ONCOLOGY QUANTITATIVE INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY JOURNAL QUANT INFR THERM J QUANTITATIVE LOGIC AND SOFT COMPUTING WD SCI P COMP ENG QUANTITATIVE LOGIC AND SOFT COMPUTING 2010, VOL 2 ADV INTEL SOFT COMPU QUANTITATIVE METHODS FOR ASSESSING: THE EFFECTS OF NON-TARIFF MEASURES AND TRADE FACILITATION QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN ECONOMICS [MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING XV] QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN FRACTOGRAPHY AM SOC TEST MATER QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN SOIL MINERALOGY SSSA MISC PUBLICAT QUANTITATIVE MICROBEAM ANALYSIS QUANTITATIVE MODELING OF SOIL FORMING PROCESSES SSSA SPEC PUBL QUANTITATIVE NEUROSCIENCE: MODELS, ALGORITHMS, DIAGNOSTICS, AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS BIOCOMP SER QUANTITATIVE PARTICLE PHYSICS NATO ADV SCI INST SE QUANTITATIVE PHASE IMAGING PROC SPIE QUANTITATIVE PHASE IMAGING II PROC SPIE QUANTITATIVE PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH SPRINGER P MATH STAT QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS QUANT STRUCT-ACT REL QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES - VII SETAC SP P QUANTIZATION AND INFINITE-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS QUANTIZATION OF SINGULAR SYMPLECTIC QUOTIENTS PROG MATH QUANTIZATION, COHERENT STATES, AND COMPLEX STRUCTURES QUANTIZED VORTEX DYNAMICS AND SUPERFLUID TURBULENCE LECT NOTES PHYS QUANTUM 1/F NOISE & OTHER LOW FREQUENCY FLUCTUATIONS IN ELECTRONIC DEVICES AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM 1/F NOISE AND OTHER LOW FREQUENCY FLUCTUATIONS IN ELECTRONIC DEVICES AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM AFFINE ALGEBRAS, EXTENDED AFFINE LIE ALGEBRAS, AND THEIR APPLICATIONS CONTEMP MATH QUANTUM AFRICA 2010: THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FOUNDATIONS OF RECENT QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM AND NONLINEAR OPTICS P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM AND NONLINEAR OPTICS II PROC SPIE QUANTUM AND NONLINEAR OPTICS III PROC SPIE QUANTUM AND SEMICLASSICAL OPTICS QUANTUM SEMICL OPT QUANTUM ASPECTS OF BEAM PHYSICS QUANTUM ASPECTS OF GAUGE THEORIES, SUPERSYMMETRY AND UNIFICATION LECT NOTES PHYS QUANTUM ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR TUNNELLING IN SOLID MOLECUL PHYS REP QUANTUM BIO-INFORMATICS II: FROM QUANTUM INFORMATION TO BIO-INFORMATICS QTM PROB WHT NOI QUANTUM BIO-INFORMATICS III: FROM QUANTUM INFORMATION TO BIO-INFORMATICS QTM PROB WHT NOI QUANTUM BIO-INFORMATICS V QTM PROB WHT NOI QUANTUM CHAOS QUANTUM CHAOS P INT SCH PHYS QUANTUM CHAOS - QUANTUM MEASUREMENT NATO ADV SCI I C-MAT QUANTUM CHEMISTRY : BASIC ASPECTS, ACTUAL TRENDS STUD PHYS THEO CHEM QUANTUM COHERENCE QUANTUM COHERENCE AND DECOHERENCE N-HOLLAND D QUANTUM COHERENCE IN MESOSCOPIC SYSTEM NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY QUANTUM COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES NATO SCI SER II MATH QUANTUM COMMUNICATION AND QUANTUM NETWORKING L N INST COMP SCI SO QUANTUM COMMUNICATION, COMPUTING, AND MEASUREMENT QUANTUM COMMUNICATION, COMPUTING, AND MEASUREMENT 2 QUANTUM COMMUNICATION, COMPUTING, AND MEASUREMENT 3 QUANTUM COMMUNICATION, MEASUREMENT AND COMPUTING AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM COMMUNICATION, MEASUREMENT AND COMPUTING QCMC AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM COMMUNICATION, MEASUREMENT AND COMPUTING QCMC: THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM COMMUNICATION, MEASUREMENT AND COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND MEASUREMENT QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING II P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING IX PROC SPIE QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING V P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING VI P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING VIII P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING X PROC SPIE QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING XI PROC SPIE QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING XII PROC SPIE QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING XIII PROC SPIE QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS REALIZED P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS REALIZED II P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMPUTATION AND INFORMATION: FROM THEORY TO EXPERIMENT TOP APPL PHYS QUANTUM COMPUTING P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM COMPUTING AND QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUANTUM CONFINED SEMICONDUCTOR NANOSTRUCTURES MATER RES SOC SYMP P QUANTUM CONFINEMENT VI: NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS AND DEVICES ELEC SOC S QUANTUM CONTROL AND MEASUREMENT N-HOLLAND D QUANTUM DOT DEVICES AND COMPUTING P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM DOTS 2010 J PHYS CONF SER QUANTUM DOTS AND NANOSTRUCTURES: GROWTH, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MODELING XIII PROC SPIE QUANTUM DOTS AND NANOSTRUCTURES: SYNTHESIS CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING XII PROC SPIE QUANTUM DOTS AND NANOSTRUCTURES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MODELING IX PROC SPIE QUANTUM DOTS AND NANOSTRUCTURES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MODELING VII P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM DOTS AND NANOSTRUCTURES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MODELING VIII PROC SPIE QUANTUM DOTS AND NANOSTRUCTURES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MODELING X PROC SPIE QUANTUM DOTS AND NANOSTRUCTURES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MODELING XI PROC SPIE QUANTUM DOTS, NANOPARTICLES AND NANOWIRES MATER RES SOC SYMP P QUANTUM DOTS, NANOPARTICLES, AND NANOCLUSTERS P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM DOTS, PARTICLES, AND NANOCLUSTERS V P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM DOTS, PARTICLES, AND NANOCLUSTERS VI P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM DYNAMICS OF SIMPLE SYSTEMS QUANTUM DYNAMICS OF SUBMICRON STRUCTURES NATO ADV SCI INST SE QUANTUM EFFECT PHYSICS, ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS INST PHYS CONF SER QUANTUM EFFICIENCY IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS, PT I: BIOMOLECULAR SYSTEMS SEMICONDUCT SEMIMET QUANTUM EFFICIENCY IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS, PT II: FROM MOLECULAR AGGREGATES TO ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS SEMICONDUCT SEMIMET QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS AND PHYSICS OF THE VACUUM AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM ELECTRONICS QUANTUM ELECTRON+ QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND PLASMA PHYSICS ITAL PHY SO QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND PLASMA PHYSICS / ITAL PHY SO QUANTUM ELECTRONICS METROLOGY P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM FEW-BODY SYSTEMS AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM FIELD THEORY AND BEYOND QUANTUM FIELD THEORY AND NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY LECT NOTES PHYS QUANTUM FIELD THEORY AND STRING THEORY NATO ADV SCI INST SE QUANTUM FIELD THEORY: COMPETITIVE MODELS QUANTUM FIELD THEORY: PERSPECTIVE AND PROSPECTIVE NATO ADV SCI I C-MAT QUANTUM FIELDS AND QUANTUM SPACE TIME NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS LES HOUCH S QUANTUM GRAVITY QUANTUM GRAVITY, GENERALIZED THEORY OF GRAVITATION, AND SUPERSTRING THEORY-BASED UNIFICATION QUANTUM GRAVITY: FROM THEORY TO EXPERIMENTAL SEARCH LECT NOTES PHYS QUANTUM GROUP AND QUANTUM INTEGRABLE SYSTEMS QUANTUM GROUPS LECT NOTES MATH QUANTUM GROUPS / QUANTUM GROUPS AND RELATED TOPICS MATH PHYS S QUANTUM GROUPS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN PHYSICS P INT SCH PHYS QUANTUM GROUPS, QUANTUM FOUNDATIONS, AND QUANTUM INFORMATION: A FESTSCHRIFT FOR TONY SUDBERY J PHYS CONF SER QUANTUM INDEPENDENT INCREMENT PROCESSES I: FROM CLASSICAL PROBABILITY TO QUANTUM STOCHASTIC CALCULUS LECT NOTES MATH QUANTUM INDEPENDENT INCREMENT PROCESSES II: STRUCTURE OF QUANTUM LEVY PROCESSES, CLASSICAL PROBABILITY, AND PHYSICS LECT NOTES MATH QUANTUM INFORMATICS 2007 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM INFORMATION SPRINGER TR MOD PHYS QUANTUM INFORMATION & COMPUTATION QUANTUM INF COMPUT QUANTUM INFORMATION & COMPUTATION QUANTUM INFORM COMPU QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION FOR CHEMISTRY ADV CHEM PHYS QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION II P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION IX PROC SPIE QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION VI P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION VII PROC SPIE QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION VIII P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION X PROC SPIE QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION XI PROC SPIE QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION XII PROC SPIE QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION XIII PROC SPIE QUANTUM INFORMATION AND MANY BODY QUANTUM SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS CRM SER QUANTUM INFORMATION AND QUANTUM COMPUTING KINKI U SER QUANTUM QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING QUANTUM INF PROCESS QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ITS CONTRIBUTIONS TO MATHEMATICS PROC SYM AP QUANTUM INTERACTION LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUANTUM INTERACTION QI 2014 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUANTUM INTERACTION, PROCEEDINGS LECT NOTES ARTIF INT QUANTUM INTERACTION, QI 2013 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC QUANTUM LIE THEORY: A MULTILINEAR APPROACH LECT NOTES MATH QUANTUM LIMITS TO THE SECOND LAW AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM MAGNETISM NATO SCIENCE PEACE S QUANTUM MANY BODY SYSTEMS: CETRARO, ITALY 2010 LECT NOTES MATH QUANTUM MEASUREMENTS IN OPTICS NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY QUANTUM MECHANICAL CLUSTER CALCULATIONS IN SOLID STATE STUDIES QUANTUM MECHANICS IN CURVED SPACE-TIME NATO ADV SCI I B-PHY QUANTUM MECHANICS OF FUNDAMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 SER CENT ES QUANTUM MECHANICS OF FUNDAMENTAL SYSTEMS 3 SER CENT ES QUANTUM MECHANICS OF FUNDAMENTAL SYSTEMS: THE QUEST FOR BEAUTY AND SIMPLICITY, CLAUDIO BUNSTER FESTSCHRIFT QUANTUM MONTE CARLO METHODS IN PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY NATO ADV SCI I C-MAT QUANTUM NOISE IN MESOSCOPIC PHYSICS NATO SCI SER II MATH QUANTUM OPTICS P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM OPTICS PROC SPIE QUANTUM OPTICS QUANTUM OPT QUANTUM OPTICS AND APPLICATIONS IN COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS II P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM OPTICS AND QUANTUM INFORMATION TRANSFER AND PROCESSING 2015 PROC SPIE QUANTUM OPTICS II PROC SPIE QUANTUM OPTICS III J PHYS CONF SER QUANTUM OPTICS IN COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM OPTICS OF SMALL STRUCTURES KNAW VERHAN QUANTUM OPTICS VI SPRINGER PROC PHYS QUANTUM OPTICS, OPTICAL DATA STORAGE, AND ADVANCED MICROLITHOGRAPHY P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM PHENOMENA IN MESOSCOPIC SYSTEMS P INT SCH PHYS QUANTUM POTENTIAL THEORY LECT NOTES MATH QUANTUM PROBABILITY AND APPLICATIONS V LECT NOTES MATH QUANTUM PROBABILITY AND INFINITE DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS QP PQ QUANTUM PROBABILITY AND INFINITE DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS QTM PROB WHT NOI QUANTUM PROBABILITY AND INFINITE DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS, PROCEEDINGS QTM PROB WHT NOI QUANTUM PROBABILITY AND RELATED TOPICS QTM PROB WHT NOI QUANTUM PROBABILITY AND WHITE NOISE ANALYSIS QTM PROB WHT NOI QUANTUM REALITY, RELATIVISTIC CAUSALITY, AND CLOSING THE EPISTEMIC CIRCLE W ONT SER PHILOS SCI QUANTUM RETROCAUSATION: THEORY AND EXPERIMENT AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES IX PROC SPIE QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES V P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VI P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VII P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES VIII PROC SPIE QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES X PROC SPIE QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES XI PROC SPIE QUANTUM SENSING AND NANOPHOTONIC DEVICES XII PROC SPIE QUANTUM SENSING: EVOLUTION AND REVOLUTION FROM PAST TO FUTURE P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS QUANTUM SYSTEMS IN CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, VOL 1 PROG T CHEM QUANTUM SYSTEMS IN CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, VOL 2 PROG T CHEM QUANTUM THEORY AND SYMMETRIES QUANTUM THEORY WITHOUT REDUCTION QUANTUM THEORY: RECONSIDERATION OF FOUNDATIONS - 4 AIP CONF PROC QUANTUM THEORY: RECONSIDERATION OF FOUNDATIONS - 5 AIP 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A specific gravity scale measuring the relative density of various petroleum liquids, expressed in degrees

You are here: Home / White Papers / API Gravity – Petroleum – Digital Density Meter Application Note

API Gravity – Petroleum – Digital Density Meter Application Note

API Gravity – Density Meter Application Report

Understanding API Gravity:

API Gravity – Crude oil is an indispensable starting material for all types of products and various other fuels, oils, and lubricants. Characterization of these products is most complex and often impractical. Therefore, the measurements of more simple properties such as flash point, vapor pressure, and viscosity have become standard chemical analysis procedures in nearly all petroleum laboratories. Of all these measurements, density has become one of the most important and frequently used physical properties used within the petroleum industry.

Measure API Gravity

The API Gravity (American Petroleum Institute) is a value which is supposed to make it easier to compare one hydrocarbon to another. The determination of API Gravity is done in an exact manner as prescribed and detailed in ASTM D-1250.

In the United States, API Gravities are usually determined at 60 ºF whereas in Europe and other parts of the

world it is more common to use 15 ºC and/or 20 ºC. The DDM 2911 Automatic Density Meter may be controlled to bring the petroleum product to any of these temperatures and make the required measurement. However, for the more viscous hydrocarbons, the density is often measured at some elevated temperature and this value is then used to mathematically correct back to the proper API Gravity value for the lower temperature. This mathematic calculation is done using Volume Correction Factors (VCF). Each different type of petroleum product group has a different VCF.

The historical method for the measurement of API Gravity has been the hydrometer. However, the low precision of the hydrometer as the prices of crude oils increase make this method obsolete. Additionally, the large sample volume required, the large quantities of solvents needed for the cleaning of the hydrometer column, and the need for a dozen or more different hydrometers to cover the entire API range has made using this method completely impractical in today's petroleum laboratories.

Using the Rudolph Research DDM 2911 Density Meter to measure API Gravity

The DDM 2911 Density Meter provides the fastest, most accurate, and easiest means for the measurement of API Gravities. The API Gravity software that is built-into the DDM 2911 makes the use of external tables unnecessary. The measurement results are displayed on the large 10.4 inch digital color screen and the results may be saved locally or saved to your server. Results can also be printed out on any printer that is on your network. Further, the printouts may be customized and used as your certificates of analysis. Numerous and simultaneous results can be calculated. For example, the API Gravity at 60 ºF, 15 ºC and 20 ºC along with the results at these same temperatures for density and specific gravity may all be determined in one simple and fast measurement.

Multiple measurements made on the same sample can also be made automatically and the statistical results calculated with the final results.

The sample size is small; typically 1 to 2 ml is all that is required. The subsequent cleaning of the sample is easy and also requires a small amount of solvent. The DDM 2911 Density Meter is robust and requires very little maintenance. All wetted parts are corrosive resistant and not affected by the chemicals and solvents used in this industry. Measurements are fast, normally requiring 2 to 3 minutes per sample.

The simple operation makes it easy to train lab personnel in its use. The DDM 2911 operates in a familiar Windows® environment making the navigation through the various menus intuitive and easy to do without the need for studying the manual. And if the manual is needed, it's found in the DDM 2911 2GB memory! The availability of having 3 USB ports and a Cat 5 cable connection will become indispensable for communication and adding of peripherals as needed for an efficient and up to date laboratory.

The most common source of error in measurements using digital density meters has been made easy to eliminate with the intelligent design of the DDM 2911. Rudolph Research Analytical exclusive VideoView™ ensures that your sample is bubble free for the most accurate and reproducible results. Bubbles can now even be seen in dark and cloudy samples.

Certified liquid density standards come with each DDM 2911 making it easy to validate the accuracy of your density meter. Calibration checks can be developed and customized to meet the specific requirements of your laboratory.

Rudolph Research Analytical's optional auto-sampler, the ASX 1400, may be utilized with any of our Density Meter and permits the measurement,

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