Humans and beasts were different, humans had "reason" which gave them a sense of mistrust and superior individuality, whereas beasts relied on their emotions and instincts, that is, beasts were often purer than humans. Moreover, what beasts do on instinct cannot be considered evil or unfair, which would justify the attacks of beasts on humans and other beasts, which was not a cruel thing, but something natural and in line with the Tao of Heaven and Earth.