In such fanfiction, it could lead to a completely different power dynamic in the galaxy. Maybe the Jedi would regain their prominence and prevent the rise of the Empire.
If Mace Windu didn't die, he might have trained more Jedi and prevented some of the Order's downfalls. His presence could have altered many events in the galaxy.
One similarity could be the loyalty aspect. Mace Windu is loyal to the Jedi Order and its principles. In Pulp Fiction, Vincent Vega is loyal to his boss Marsellus Wallace to a certain extent. Also, the action scenes in both are quite iconic. Mace Windu has some amazing lightsaber battles in Star Wars. In Pulp Fiction, the fight scenes, like the one in the pawnshop, are very memorable. But overall, they are from very different cinematic universes, so the differences far outweigh the similarities.
Mace Windu would find the world of Pulp Fiction very difficult to navigate. His Jedi training is centered around the Force and the battle between good and evil in a very different sense than the world of Pulp Fiction presents. In Pulp Fiction, the lines between good and evil are often blurred. Mace Windu's purple lightsaber would be a very strange and powerful weapon in this world. He would probably be seen as some sort of otherworldly figure. His attempts to uphold his Jedi values might lead to him being targeted by the more powerful and ruthless criminals. At the same time, he might be able to influence some of the characters to change their ways, but it would be a long and difficult process given the nature of the world he'd be in.
Well, they are quite different. Mace Windu is a Jedi with his own set of values and powers in a galaxy far, far away. Pulp Fiction is a movie full of dark humor, violence, and complex characters in a more modern - day (sort of) urban setting. But if we really stretch it, they both have a certain level of cult following. People who are fans of Star Wars love Mace Windu, and fans of Quentin Tarantino adore Pulp Fiction.
As far as any direct connection goes, there isn't one. Mace Windu belongs to the Star Wars mythology which is filled with the Force, lightsabers, and intergalactic battles. Pulp Fiction, on the other hand, is about hitmen, drug deals, and a convoluted web of crime in a more down - to - earth (relatively) setting. So, they are two very distinct entities in the world of entertainment.
The galaxy would have been in chaos. The balance of power would shift dramatically, and there would likely be power struggles among the Jedi and other factions.