It's hard to determine for sure. It could be a visual cue for a lesson on punctuality, or it might be a creative expression without a deep meaning. We'd need more context to understand it fully.
Well, forehead kisses are a very intimate yet gentle form of affection. For Percabeth, it represents the deep emotional bond they share. In the original series, their relationship is full of challenges and growth, and forehead kisses in fanfiction are a way to show the softer, more loving side of their relationship.
I don't think it's common. Fanfic writers tend to focus on themes that are more relatable and mainstream. Themes like this one are not something that would appeal to a wide audience. Most people are interested in stories about love, heroism, or character development rather than such a specific and rather odd physical action - based theme.
Dao Firmament was a fantasy novel written by Hidden Edge Unarmored. This novel described the heaven-defying journey of a royal youth. Although the search results did not provide a specific plot or story outline, based on the description in the search results, it could be speculated that this novel might include the world of fighting spirit and the cruel environment of the cultivation world. However, the specific plot and story development needed to be read to understand.
It could be that he just realized something obvious that he missed before and is angry at his own oversight. Or perhaps it's for comedic effect to make us laugh.