Definitely, 'Hamsun Hunger' is seen as the first modernist novel. It introduced a new way of looking at the human condition. The way it presented the protagonist's experiences was so unique. Instead of having a clear - cut plot with a definite beginning, middle, and end, it delved deep into the character's psyche. The language was also used in a way that was more about expressing the character's state of mind rather than just telling a story in a straightforward manner. It was a precursor to many of the modernist novels that followed, which explored similar themes of alienation, the self, and the breakdown of traditional values.
One main characteristic is its focus on the inner self. It shows the protagonist's psychological turmoil. Also, the narrative is not very linear, which is different from traditional novels.
In Hamsun's 'Hunger', the theme of hunger is multi - faceted. It represents not just physical starvation but also a spiritual and existential hunger. The protagonist's constant battle with hunger reflects the human condition in a harsh world, where basic needs are not easily met and one's mental state is deeply affected by the lack of sustenance.
In his novel, Hamsun shows hunger not only through physical symptoms but also through the protagonist's erratic behavior. The hunger affects his decision - making, his relationships, and his view of the world. He might be aggressive one moment due to hunger and then desperate the next, which really shows how all - encompassing the experience of hunger can be.
One characteristic is the break from traditional narrative structures. It often uses stream - of - consciousness technique, like in 'Ulysses' by James Joyce. This technique allows the reader to get inside the characters' minds in a more direct way.
There is some debate about which is the very first modernist novel. However, many consider 'Madame Bovary' by Gustave Flaubert as an early precursor to modernism. Flaubert's detailed and psychological exploration of his characters was quite revolutionary for its time.
One of the contenders for the first American modernist novel is 'The Great Gatsby' by F. Scott Fitzgerald. It features modernist elements such as a fragmented narrative structure, complex characters, and a critique of the American Dream. The novel's use of symbolism, like the green light, and its exploration of themes like wealth, love, and disillusionment are characteristic of modernist literature.
F. Scott Fitzgerald is often credited with writing a novel that is highly representative of American modernism, namely 'The Great Gatsby'. His work was at the forefront of a new literary movement in America that broke away from traditional forms of writing.
As mentioned before, Laurence Sterne wrote 'Tristram Shandy' which is often considered an early post - modernist work. His use of narrative techniques that break the traditional mold makes it a precursor to post - modernist novels.
One of the contenders for the first post - modernist novel is 'Tristram Shandy' by Laurence Sterne. It was published in the 18th century and exhibits many post - modernist traits such as self - reflexivity, a fragmented narrative structure, and a playfulness with the form of the novel. It challenges the traditional linear narrative and the idea of a single, unified meaning in a story.