One of the best postmodernist novels is 'Catch - 22' by Joseph Heller. It's a satirical and complex work that challenges the traditional notions of war and bureaucracy. The circular and absurd plot, like the catch - 22 situation itself where the soldiers are trapped in a no - win scenario, is a hallmark of postmodernist literature.
Don DeLillo's 'White Noise' is also great. It explores modern American life, consumerism, and the fear of death. It has a fragmented narrative structure and plays with different forms of media and cultural references, which are typical of postmodernist novels.
Thomas Pynchon's 'Gravity's Rainbow' is a significant postmodernist novel. It's a complex and sprawling work that delves into themes such as history, science, and paranoia. The narrative is highly allusive and the language is dense, making it a challenging yet rewarding read for those interested in postmodernist literature.
A good starting point could be 'Slaughterhouse - Five' by Kurt Vonnegut. It has elements of postmodernism like the non - linear narrative. The story jumps around in time, and Vonnegut's unique writing style, which combines humor and dark themes, makes it accessible.
One main characteristic is the blurring of boundaries. For example, the distinction between high and low culture is often erased. Authors might incorporate elements of popular culture like comic books or TV shows into their novels. Another is the use of fragmented narratives. Instead of a linear plot, the story might be told in bits and pieces, jumping back and forth in time. Also, self - reflexivity is common, where the novel may draw attention to its own fictional nature, like a character in the story commenting on the act of writing the story itself.
John Barth is a significant figure. His writing often plays with the form and structure of the novel. Then there's Donald Barthelme. His short stories and novels are known for their fragmentation and playfulness. Toni Morrison, in some of her works, also shows postmodernist tendencies. For example, in 'Beloved', she uses non - linear narrative and complex intertextuality to great effect.
It's hard to pinpoint exactly. But some consider 'The Crying of Lot 49' by Thomas Pynchon as one of the early examples.
One main characteristic is the blurring of boundaries. For example, between high and low culture. It often plays with different genres and mixes them up, like a novel that combines elements of detective story, romance, and science fiction all at once. Also, postmodernist novels tend to question the idea of a single, objective truth. Instead, they present multiple perspectives and realities.
One famous postmodernist novel writer is Italo Calvino. His books, such as 'If on a winter's night a traveler', are highly postmodern. They play with the form of the novel, with different beginnings and a self - reflexive nature. Kurt Vonnegut is also in this category. His works, like 'Slaughterhouse - Five', use non - linear narratives and satirical elements that are typical of postmodernist novels.
One common theme is the fragmentation of identity. Postmodernist science fiction often presents characters with fluid and fragmented identities, as opposed to the more stable identities in traditional sci - fi. Another theme is the unreliability of knowledge. In these works, scientific knowledge or historical facts may be questioned or presented as malleable. And meta - narrative is also a theme, where the story itself comments on the act of storytelling.
In McHale's postmodernist fiction, intertextuality is prominent. He frequently references other literary works, both classic and contemporary. This creates a rich tapestry of allusions that add depth to his own stories and also engage the reader in a kind of literary conversation across texts.
I think 'Mortals' shows elements of postmodernist fiction through its fragmented narrative and multiple perspectives. It challenges traditional storytelling structures.
Well, 'Mortals' might be considered postmodernist because of its fragmented narrative structure and blurring of boundaries between reality and fiction.