Hero. This is a very common term for a good guy in a story. A hero is someone who shows courage, selflessness, and often undertakes a quest or faces challenges to achieve a noble goal, like saving a princess or a whole town in a fairy - tale.
Protagonist. In many stories, the protagonist is often the 'good guy'. He or she is the central character around whom the plot revolves and is typically the character the reader is meant to root for.
An excellent yarn. This is a more informal way to say a good story. For instance, sailors used to tell excellent yarns about their adventures at sea.
Well, 'narrative' is another word for story. It's often used to describe a sequence of events or a tale.
A synonym for 'back story' could be 'background'.
A long tale. For example, when we talk about a very detailed and extended account of something, we can use 'tale' instead of'story' and 'long tale' to mean a long story.
Headline. A headline is often used to refer to the main or top story in a newspaper, magazine, or news website.
Tale. It is a very common word used instead of short story. Tales often have a simple plot and are usually passed down through generations orally or in written form.